V A L 



V A L 



on a damfel of the femi-celeftial tribe, called Upfara. We 

 may juft notice, that this warlike monkey was killed by the 

 great Rama, the hero of the extraordinary poem Ramayana. 

 VALIAM, in Geography, a fmall Ruffian idand, in lake 

 Ladoga ; 92 miles N. of Peteriburg. 



VALIANO, a town of Etruria ; lO miles S.S.W. of 

 Cortona. 



VALID, a term apphed to ads, tranfattions, expedi- 

 tions, &c. which are clothed in all the formalities requifite 

 to their beim-- put into execution, and to their being ad- 

 mitted to a court of juftice. 



A contraft by a minor is not valid, or is invalid: a mar- 

 riage is not valid, unlefs performed with the folemnities 

 enjoined. 



VALIERO, Agostino, in Biogrjphy, a celt-brated pre- 

 late of the church of Rome and a voluminous WTiter, was 

 born of a noble family at Venice in 1531. Having ftudied 

 both at Venice and Padua, with a view to the ecclcfiaftical 

 profeffion, he graduated both in theology and canon law. 

 In 1558, having previoufly been employed in fevcral public 

 ofUces, he became profeflbr of moral philofophy at Venice, 

 ■which poll he occupied till the year 1565, when he was elefted 

 fucceffor to his uncle as bifhop of Verona, and he prefided over 

 that fee for forty-one years. In 1583 he was created a 

 cardinal by Gregory XIII. Through the whole of his life, 

 ■which terminated at Rome in 1606, m the 75th year of his 

 age, he diftinguifhed himfelf as the patron and promoter of 

 literature, as well as by his zeal, charity, and munificence. 

 The catalogue of his writings includes one hundred and 

 twenty-eight. Of thofe that were printed, many being in 

 MS., the moll important are, " De Acolytorum DifcipHna ;" 

 " De Rhetorica Ecclefiaftica ;" " Epifcopus, feu de Op- 

 timo Epifcopi forma ;" " Cardinalis, live de Optima Cardi- 

 jialis forma ;" " De refta pliilofophandi ratione ;" " De 

 Cautione adliibenda in edcndis llbris." That his fentiments 

 ■were hberal for the time in which he lived, appears from his 

 treatife defigned to prove that comets are not prefages of 

 calamities, and from another againft the barbarifm of the 

 fcholaftics. He alfo wrote on the order and conneftion of 

 the fciences and arts, and a large work on the Venetian hif- 

 tory. Moreri. Tirabofchi. 



VALIGA, a name given by fome medical writers to an 

 infufion or tinfture of jalap in fpirit of wine, or fpirit of 

 citron, with the addition of a little faffron. 



VALIMONT, in Geography, a town of France, in the 

 department of the Mofelle ; 8 miles N.W. of Morhange. 



VALINCOURT, Joiix-Baptist du Trousskt de, in 

 Biography, was born of a noble family at St. Quintin, in 

 Picardy, in 1653, educated at the Jefuits' college in Paris, 

 and diftinguilhed himfelf as a man of letters. In 1685 he 

 ■was appointed, by the count of Touloufe, admiral of France, 

 his fecretary-general, and afterwards fecretary of the marine : 

 but through life he cultivated polite literature, and became 

 a member of the French Academy in the room of Racine, 

 an honorary member of that of Sciences, and an aflfociate of 

 the Academy della Crufca. He fucceeded Racine as joint- 

 hiftoriographer with Boileau ; but his labours on the reign 

 of Louis XIV. were confumed with his library in 1725, a 

 lofs which he bore with philofophical compofure, obferving 

 to one of his condoling friends, " I fliould little have profited 

 by my books, if I had not learned how to lofe them." He 

 was an aAive promoter of literature and a proteftor of 

 learned men, who liad always free accefs to his houfe ; and 

 his charafter was dilfinguilhed by probity, fincerity and 

 good fenfe. He was held in fuch eftimation, that Boileau 

 dedicated to him his fatire on True and Falfe Honour. His 

 time was fo much occupied, that his writings are few ; they 



confift of a critique on the celebrated novel of " The Princef* 

 of Cleves ;" " A Life of Francis Duke of Guife, furnamed 

 Le Balafre ;" " Critical Obfervations on the CEdipus of 

 Sophocles," and a few poems. Such was his regard for 

 religion, that towards the clofe of life, he held feveral con- 

 ferences with ecclefiaftics, for the purpofe of terminating 

 the divifions of the church with refpett to the bull Unigeni- 

 tus. He died at Paris, generally efteemed, in 1730, aged 

 fevciity-feven years. Moreri. 



VALINSAY, in Geography, a town on the W. coaft of 

 the ifland of Lu^on. N. lat. 16° 18'. E. long. 120° 6'. 



VALIODA, a town of Hindooftaii ; 15 miles E.N.E. 

 of Travancore. 



VALJOVA, a town of European Turkey, in the pro- 

 vhice of Servia ; 50 miles N. of Jenibafar. 



VALIQUERVILLE, a town of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the Lower Seine ; 6 miles N.N.W. of Caudebec. 



VALIZ. See B.A.LrzE. 



VALK, a town of Ruffia, in the government of Riga ; 

 72 miles N.E. of Riga. N. lat. 57° 50'. E. long. 25° 44'. 



VALKI, a town of Ruflia, in the government of Char- 

 kov; 16 miles S.W. of Charkov. N. lat. 49"" 36'. E. 

 long. 35° 44'. 



VALKENBURG. See Fauquemont. 



VALKOVAR, or Barkovar, or Valho, a town of 

 Sclavonia, near the right bank of the Drave ; 15 miles S.E. 

 of Efzeck. 



VALL, or Vale, in Commerce, a weight for gold and 

 filver at Bombay and Surat. See Tola. 



Vall, in Geography, a town of Sweden, in Warmeland ; 

 28 miles E.S.E. of Carlftadt. 



VALLA, Giorgio, in Biography, a native of Placentia, 

 and profeflbr of polite literature in the univerfity of Pavia 

 in 1471 and 1476, from which he removed to the chair of 

 eloquence at Venice in i486. As he was one morning pre- 

 paring to go to his fchool, where he explained Cicero's 

 Tufculan Queftions, and held daily difputations on tlie im- 

 mortality of the foul, he died fuddenly at the clofe of the 

 15th century. He was the author of many works, which 

 are for the moft part coUeAions and tranfcripts from ancient 

 writers, and tranflations from Greek authors, ufeful in that 

 age, but not diftinguifhed by judgment or accuracy,! 

 Bayle. 



Valla, Lorenzo, was probably a relation of the prcH 

 ceding Valla, and born at Rome, as it lias been faid, in the 

 year 141 5, but as Tirabofchi fays, before the year 1406.I 

 He was educated in his native city, and continued there tilll 

 his twenty-fourth year. Having vifited placentia to take! 

 polFefTion of the inheritance bequeathed to liim by his rela-j 

 tions, he fettled at Pavia as profeffor of eloquence in thel 

 univerfity. Here he was chargeable with fome inftances of 

 mifcondudl, fo that he changed his abode feveral times, tilU 

 he became attached to Alphonfo, king of Naples, in which! 

 city he refided for fome time ; but in 1453, on the return 

 of pope Eugenius to Rome, he fettled in that city. Invef-i 

 tigating the pretended donation of Conftantine to the holy! 

 fee, which he difcredited, and refleftlng on the charaftersj 

 of feveral popes, he incurred the difplcafure of Eugenius,! 

 and found it neceflary to withdraw fir.1 to Oftia, then toj 

 Naples, and finally to Barcelona. From hence he addreffedl 

 an apology to the pope, and a defence of his writings on 

 moral philofophy and dialeftics, without any reference taj 

 Conflantine's donation. He afterwards returned to Naples! 

 under the proteftion of Alphonfo, and there opened al 

 fchool of eloquence, to which many fcholars reforted ; butl 

 notwithftanding his popularity as a teacher, he was accufed 

 and brought into danger on account of the freedom witliJ 



which! 



