VAN 



The next mention of the Vandals that occurs is in the eightli 

 year of the reign of Dioclefian, when they engaged in a war 

 witli the Goths. About the year 406, or the twelfth of 

 Honorius's reign, they made an irruption into Gaul ; but 

 in attempting to crofs the Rhine, they were flaughtered by 

 the Franks ; and being relieved by the Alans and Suevians, 

 they obliged the Franks to retire, and aftually entered 

 Gaul. Having pafTed through Germania Prima and Gallia 

 Belgica, they took pofTeffion of Aquitain, the moft fertile 

 and opulent province of Gaul ; and advancing as far as the 

 Pyrenxan mountains, they ravaged all the neighbouring 

 provinces. Conftantine, however, having been proclaimed 

 emperor by the Britifh legions, pafled from Britain into 

 Gaul with a powerful army, and defeated the Vandals and 

 other barbarians in feveral battles, and at length granted 

 them peace, without ftipulating as a condition their leaving 

 the country. The Vandals foon afterwards took up arms, 

 and feized feveral cities of Gaul, under Maximus, who 

 affumed the honour of being emperor, in oppofition to Con- 

 itans, the fon of Conftantine. Finding thcmfelves more 

 vigoroufly oppofed than they expected, they marched to- 

 wards Spain, which was then in a dillrafted ftate, and in 

 the year 409 entered the country ; and before the end of 

 the year 410, obliged Conftans to abandon it. After 

 having reduced the provinces of Spain to a deplorable 

 condition, they concurred with the Alans and Suevians in 

 dividing the country between them, and devoted themfelves 

 to the operations of agriculture. In this partition, Galicia 

 fell to the (hare of the Vandals and Suevians, and Boetica 

 to thofe Vandals that were called Silingians, who are fup- 

 pofed to have given to their portion the name of Vandalufia, 

 afterwards changed into Andalufia. In the year 416, 

 Valha, king of the Goths in Gaul, having made peace with 

 the Romans, undertook to drive the barbarians out of 

 Spain ; and in 422, Honorius, having heard of the reduced 

 condition of the Vandals in Spain, in confequence of the 

 conduft of Vallia, determined to recover the provinces 

 which they pofteiTed. But his attempts for this purpofe 

 were rendered ineffeftual by a fignal defeat. In confe- 

 quence of this viftory, the Vandals became powerful, efta- 

 blifhed themfelves in Andalufia, almoft deftroycd the city 

 of Carthagena, and extended their ravages to the Balearic 

 iflands. In the year 428 or 429, Genferic, the king of the 

 Vandals, aflembled them together, with their wives, children, 

 and effefts, and abandoning Spain, crofTed the ftraits of 

 Gibraltar, and landed in Africa. After their arrival, they 

 gained feveral viftories over the Romans, and fo overran the 

 country, that Cirta and Carthage were the only two ftrong 

 places in Africa poiTefTed by the Romans. At length, viz. 

 A.D. 435, a peace was concluded between Valentinian and 

 Genferic ; but though the moderation of the Vandal fove- 

 reign was highly extolled, he neverthelefs feized Carthage, 

 A.D. 439, whilft. the Romans were engaged in a war with 

 the Gotiis in Gaul ; and thus the Vandals remained mailers 

 of the proconfular province of Byzacene, Gaetulia, and part 

 of Numidia. The capture of Carthage created an alarm in 

 Italy ; and preparations were vigoroufly made for putting 

 Rome in a ilate of defence, and for inducing all ranks of 

 people to take up arms for the prefervation of the country. 

 In the year 455, Genferic took and plundered Rome ; and 

 carried over with him into Africa the emprefs Eudoxia, and 

 her two daughters Placidia and Eudocia, where he detained 

 them till the year 462, marrying Eudocia to Hunneric, his 

 eldefl fon, who had by her Hilderic, afterwards king of the 

 Vandals in Africa. Upon his return to Africa, Genferic 

 fubdued the countries that were ftill in the hands of the 

 Romans. The emperor Majorianus, being difappointed in 

 his views and plans for the conqueft of Africa, concluded a 



VAN 



peace witli Genferic, who, after the death of the emperor 

 m 461, fent a powerful fleet to pillage the coafts of Sicily 

 and Italy, and even made himfelf mafter of Sardinia. He 

 afterwards took occafion to ravage Peloponnefus and the 

 Greek iflands, whence were carried off many captives. 

 Leo refentcd the affront offered by Genferic to the eaftern 

 empire, and prepared for revenge by carrying the war into 

 Africa. In the progrefs of his powerful armament, Sar- 

 dinia and Tripoli were recovered from the Vandals ; but 

 whilft Genferic folicited of the Roman admiral a truce of 

 five days for fetthng the terms of his fubmiflion to Leo, he 

 contrived to deftroy the whole Roman fleet that was armed 

 againft him. In the year 475, he concluded a peace with 

 Zeno, the fuccefFor of Leo, who, renouncing all claim to 

 the provinces of Africa, yielded them for ever to Genferic 

 and his defcendants. Soon after this event, Genferic died, 

 A.D. 477 ; but the peace was religioufly obferved by his 

 fucceflor, till the reign of Juftinian, who, efpoufing the 

 caufe of Hilderic againft his brother Gilimer, who had 

 ufurped the crown, drove the Vandals out of Africa, and 

 reunited thofe provinces to the empire. (See Belisarius. ) 

 Africa had been their empire, it now became their prifon ; 

 nor could they entertain a hope, or even a wifli, of returning 

 to the banks of tlie Elbe, where their brethren, of a fpirit 

 lefs adventurous, ftill wandered in their native forcfts. In 

 the country between the Elbe and the Oder, feveral po- 

 pulous villages of Lufatia are inhabited by the Vandals : 

 they ftill preferve their language, their cuftoms, and the 

 purity of their blood ; fupport, with fome impatience, the 

 Saxon or PrufTian yoke ; and ferve with fecret and volun- 

 tary allegiance the defcendant of their ancient kings, who 

 in his garb and prefent fortune is confounded with the 

 meaneft of his valTals. The name and fituation of this un- 

 happy people might indicate their defcent from one common 

 ftock with the conquerors of Africa ; but the ufe of a 

 Sclavonian dialect more clearly reprefents them as the laft 

 remnant of the new colonfes, who fucceeded to the genuine 

 Vandals, already fcattered or defti-oyed in the age of Pro- 

 copius. Anc. Un. Hift. vol. xvii. Gibbon's Hift. Rom. 

 Emp. vol. i. vi. vii. 



VANDELEVILLE, in Geography, a town of France, 

 in the department of the Meurte ; 9 miles N.W. of Mire- 

 court. 



VANDELLIA, in Botany, was fo called by Linnaeus, 

 at the fuggeftion of Browne, after his correfpondent Dr. 

 Dominick VandeUi, who publifhed at Padua, in 1761, a 

 quarto volume in Latin, on the hot-baths of that neigh- 

 bourhood, with notices of fome crvptogamic plants in- 

 habiting therein. Being afterwards appointed fuperin- 

 tendant of the royal botanic garden at Lifbon, he publifhed 

 there, in 1771, a fmall Fajciculus Plantarum, dedicated to 

 fir Jofeph Banks, defcribing fome fuppofed new genera, 

 and feveral new fpecies, with a few figures. Dr. Vandclli 

 is alfo the author of one or two zoological trafts ; and he 

 wrote againft Haller's doftrine of tlie infenfibility of the 

 tendons and membranes, to the great difpleafure of that 

 illuftrious phyfiologift. This veteran in botanic fcience 

 vifited London, in 1 8 15, at a very advanced age, and, if 

 we miftake not, is fince dead. — Linn. Mant. 12. Schreb. 

 Gen. 419. Willd. Sp. PI. v. 3. 343. Mart. Mill. Dift. 

 V. 4. Jufl". 122. Lamarck Illuftr. t. 522. (Matourea; 

 Aubl. Guian. 641. .Tuff. 119.) — Clafs and order, Ditly- 

 namia Angiofpermla. Nat. Ord. Perfonate, Linn. Scro- 

 phular'tie, .fiifi. 



Gen. Ch. Cah Perianth inferior, of one leaf, tubular, 

 in four deep, awl-fhapcd, equal fegmcnts, the uppermoll 

 fometiines divided, permanent. Cor. of c-.ie petal, ringcnt ; 

 lube as long as the calyx ; limb fm.all ; its upper lip ovate, 



entire } 



