VAN 



Mantua, or Venice ; and he died, univerfally lamented, in 

 his native city, of an inflammation of the lungs, in the 40th 

 year qf his age. The abbe Lorenzi publiihed at Roveredo, 

 in 1795, " Commentarium de Vita et Scriptis Clementini 

 Vanettj," from which the preceding account of him has 

 been oxtrafted. Gen. Biog. 

 VAN-EYCK. See Eyck. 



VANGAC, in Geography, a river of the ifland of Lu^on, 

 which runs into the Chinefe fea, N. lat. 18° 45'. 



VANGEN, a town of France, in the department of the 

 Lower Rliiiie ; 9 miles S.E. of Saverne — Alfo, a town of 

 Switzerland, in the canton of Berne ; 4 miles E. of Soleure. 

 VANGIONES, in ylncicnt Geography, a people of 

 Belgic Gaul, and originally of Germany. According to 

 Clavier, they were bounded on the north and eaft by the 

 Rhine, on the fouth by the Nemetse, and on the well by 

 the Mcdiomatrices. 



VA*NGOLE, in Geography, a town of Hindooftan, in 

 Coimbetore ; 5 miles N. of Aravacourchy. 



VAN-GOYEN, in Biography. See Goye>j. 

 VANGS, in Sea Language, are a fort of braces to fup- 

 port the mizen-gaff, and keep it ikady. They are fixed 

 on the outer end or peek, and reach downward* to the aft- 

 moll part of the (hip's fide, where they are hooked and 

 drawn tight, fo as to be (lackened when the wind is fair ; 

 and drawn in to windward, when it becomes unfavourable 

 to the fhip's courfe. Falconer. 



VANG-TCHOUANG, in Geography, a town of China, 

 in Kiang-nan, on the river Hoang ; 15 miles W.N.W. of 

 Fong-yang. 



VANGUERIA, in Botany, a barbarous and intolerable 

 name, made by Commerfon out of the Madagafcar apjjella- 

 tion of tills plant, Voa-vangu'ur. Von Rohr called the 

 fame genus Vavanga ; which Vahl has unwillingly adopted, 

 eiprefTing at the fame time a wiih, that he could have dedi- 

 cated tlie genus to profefTor Wittmann. We (hould now 

 have taken advantage of this wi(h, had there not already 

 been % Vitmanxia, which will appear in its proper place. 

 Thus circumftanced, and without meaning, on this or any 

 other occafion, to uphold fuch names, except for reproba- 

 tion, we for the prefent here introduce Vangueria JuflT. 



Gen. 206. Willd. Sp. PI. V. I. 976. Poir. in Lamarck 

 Dift. V. 8. 331. Lamarck lUuftr. t. 159. Venten. Tabl. 

 5S6. Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. v. i. 20. (Vavanga; Vahl 

 Tr. of the Nat. Hift. Soc. of Copenhagen, v. 2. part i. 

 207. ) — Clafs and order, Pentandrla Monogynia. Nat. Ord. 

 Rubiacea, Juff. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth fuperior, of one leaf, with five 

 fprcading, fomewhat rcflexed, permanent teeth. Cor. of 

 one petal ; tube bell-(haped, twice the length of the calyx, 

 clofed at the upper part with creel hairs ; limb in five deep, 

 ovate, acute, equal, fpreading, at length reflexed, feg- 

 ments, rather ftiorter than the tube. Stam. Filaments five, 

 awl-diaped, very (hort, inferted between the fegments of 

 the corolla; anthers heart -(haped, pointed, incumbent. 

 Ptji. Germen inferior, turbinate ; ftyle awl-(l)aped, rather 

 longer than the tube, inclining to one fide ; ftigma thick, 

 obtufc, furrowed, two-lipped. Perk. Berry globofe, co- 

 riaceous, with a fear at the top, containing four or five 

 feeds, imbedded in pulp. Seeds eUiptical, comprefTed, with 

 a lateral fear, and a fmall incomplete tunic, of two mem- 

 branous, lanceolate, falcate valves, attached to the fear. 



E(r. Ch. Corolla bell-(haped, five-cleft, hairy within. 

 Stigma two-hpped, farrowed. Berry inferior, coriaceous. 

 Seeds four or five, each with a lateral bivalve tunic. 



I. V. eJulis. Madagafcar Medlar. Willd. n. i. Vahl 

 Symb. V. 3. 36. (V. Cdmmerfonii; Jacq. Hort, Schoenbr. 



4 



VAN 



V. I. 20. t. 44. Vavanga edulis ; Vahl Tr. of Nat. Hift. 

 Soc. of Copenh. v. 2. pt. I. 208. t. 7.) — Gathered in the 

 ifle of Bourbon, by Commerfon, whofe fpecimens are before 1 

 OS. Cultivated in Guadaloupe and Santa Cruz, for the I 

 fake of its eatable fruit. Von Rohr, who communicated 

 this plant to profelTor Vahl, thought it a native of China, 

 but Commerfon was told it came from Madagafcar, and was 

 there called F'oa-vanguier, or Voa-wangi. Jacquin men- 

 tions it as flowering every year in the ftove at Schoenbrun, 

 but never ripening fruit. The Jlem is (hrubby, fix feet, or 

 more, in height, with round, fmooth, oppofite branches, 

 (lightly quadrangular when young. Leaves oppofite, on 

 (hort (talks, deciduous, elliptical, acute, entire, fmooth, 

 five or fix inches long, and two or three broad, with one 

 central rib, and many tranfverfe ones conneded by reti- 

 culated veins ; paler beneath. Stipulas intrafoliaceous, tri- 

 angular, pointed, in pairs connedled at the bafe, embracing 

 the branch above the footftalks, and much refembling thofe 

 of Strychnos. Panicles lateral, oppofite, cymofe, many- 

 flowered, downy, much (horter than the leaves, fpringing 

 from between the infertion of laft-year's footftalks. Flowers 

 greenilh -yellow, fmaller than lily of the valley, frequently 

 four-cleft. Fruit the fize of a large goofeberry, with a 

 leathery, or fomewhat woody, coat. 



VANHALL, John, in Biography, an inftrumental com- 

 pofer of great and original genius, was born at Vienna in 

 1 740. We know not what lie had publilhed previous to his 

 fymphonies, which were compofed in 1767, and foon circu- 

 lated in MS. all over Europe. The duke of Dorfet, we 

 believe, firll brought them to England about the year 1 771. 

 Several excellent fymphonies of the Manheim fchool had 

 been previoufiy pubhfhed by Bremner, which introduced us 

 very agreeably to the new ilyle of German fymphony 

 founded by the elder Stamitz ; but till we were acquainted 

 with the fymphonies of Haydn, the fpirited, natural, and 

 unalfefted ftyle of Vanhall excited more attention at our 

 concerts than any foreign iiiufic which we had imported for 

 a longtime. They were admirably played at the Pantheon 

 concerts, when led by La Motte, Giardini, and the elder 

 Cramer. He compofed too much perhaps, and for too 

 great a variety of inftrunfents ; but his fymplionies, quartets, 

 and other prpduftions for violins, certainly deferve a place 

 among the firft produftions, in which unity of melody, 

 pleafing harmony, and a free and manlv ftyle are preferved. 

 VAN-HUYSUM. See Huyslm. 



VANI, a name of the Hindoo goddefs Sarafwati ; which 

 fee. This name is alfo given to Agni or Pavaka, regent of 

 fire ; when, however, it is ufually written Vahni. 



Vani, Cape, in Geography, a cape on the N. coaft of 

 the idand of Mile. N. lat." 36^ 46'. E. long. 24° 20'. 



VANI AMBADDY, a town of Hindooftan, in Myfore ; 

 112 miles E. of Seringapatam. N. lat. 12° 41'. E. long 

 78= 45'. 



VANJEMSOAR, a town of Hindooftan, in Gol- 

 conda ; 21 miles S.W. of Damapetta. 



VANIERE, James, in Biography, a learned .Tefuit, was 

 born in 1664, at CaulTes, in the diocefe of Beziers, Lan- 

 guedoc, and having ftudied at the Jefuits' college at 

 Beziers, entered into the fociety in 1680. His poetic 

 talents were exhibited by two pieces, one entitled " Stagna," 

 during his regency at the college of Tournon ; and another 

 entitled " Columboe," at Touloufe : and his charafter as a 

 poet was eftabliihed by his " Praedium Rufticum," in fixteen 

 books, on the fubjeft of a farm, in imitation of Virgil's 

 Georgics. The moft complete edition of this work is that 

 of Paris, in 1756. Vaniere was fuccelTively profelTor and 

 reftor in the fcbools of his order at Montpelier, Touloufe, 



and 



