VERBASCUM. 



ground in the fouth of Europe, and eaft of Afia. We 

 gathered it on the ramparts of Pavia ; and Dr. Sibthorp 

 at Conitantinople. A large biennial fpecies, hoary all over, 

 with denfe, ftarry, entangled, woolly hairs. Stem fohtary, 

 ereft, fimple, round, leafy, ending in a long, interrupted, 

 many-flowered, fafciculated clujier, fometimes accompanied 

 at the bafe with one or more much fliorter ones. Radical 

 leaves, as well as thofe on the lower part of the ftem, four 

 inches or more in length, ftalked, broadly ovate, bluntilh, 

 obfcurely crenate, thick, rugged, reticulated with copious 

 veins, each tapering at the bafe into a winged footfialk : 

 the upper ones gradually fmaller, pointed, feffile ; heart- 

 ihaped at the bafe, clafping the ftem, and foniewhat de- 

 current ; diminifliing into taper-pointed hraSeas, which pro- 

 ieft further than their refpeftive tufts of flowers. Flowers 

 large and handfome, of a golden-yellow, about five in 

 each tuft, accompanied by fmall, lanceolate, partial braSeas. 

 Partial JlaHs Ihorter than the calyx, which is fmooth inter- 

 nally. Stamens purple, either all denfely hairy, with yellow, 

 nearly uniform, anthers, or two of them bear more or lefs 

 oblong and imperfeft anthers ; in which cafe the refpeftive 

 filaments are lefs hairy, or quite naked. Germen clothed 

 with very denfe wool, which comes off as the capfule ripens. 

 We fcarcely difcover any difference between the V. 

 atijlrale of our learned friend, and the phlomoides, of which 

 his defcription anfwers exaftly to our fpecimens. The ra- 

 dical leaves of the aujirale perhaps are larger and more lan- 

 ceolate, but this can hardly indicate more than a variety. 

 The anthers znd Jilaments are acknowledged to vaiT in both, 

 and we have found them to do fo in phlomoides. 



9. V. condenfatum. Denfe-flowered Round-leaved Mul- 

 lein. Schrad. n. 11. t. 3 " Leaves downy ; radical ones 



elliptic, oblong, tapering at the bafe, doubly and unequally 

 crenate ; thofe of the ftem oblong, acute, fimply crenate ; 

 uppermoft roundifh-ovate, pointed, flightly decurrent. 

 Clufters denfe. Tvro of the anthers oblong." — Obferved 

 by Mr. Schott in Auftria, on a barren foil. Biennial. 

 We cannot but fufpeft this to be a variety of the laft, with 

 a more denfe viflorefcence ; larger, more ftrongly crenate, 

 radical leaves, and broader upper ones. The two fpecies 

 are, at leaft, very nearly akin. 



10. V. nemgrofum. Grove Mullein. Schrad. n. 12. t. i. 

 f. 2. — " Leaves acute, crenate, downy ; radical ones ob- 

 long, tapering at each end ; lower ftem-leaves lanceolate, 

 contrafted at the bafe ; middle ones oblong-lanceolate ; 

 upper oblong, flightly decurrent. All the tufts of flowers 

 a little remote. Two anthers oblong." — Found by Mr. 

 Schott in groves in Auftria. Biennial. Akin to V. phlo- 

 moides, but diftinguiflied by its ftraight, wand-hke Jlem, 

 four feet high, with a folitary lax cluJler, and the narrow 

 elliptic-lanceolate fliape of all its leaves, which are of a yel- 

 lowifli green, the radical ones becoming finally rather naked 

 on the upper furface. 



11. V. montanum. Mountain Mullein. Schrad. n. 13. 

 " Hort. Gotting. fafc. 2. 18. t. 12." — " Leaves downy; 

 radical ones oblong-elliptical, crenate, ftalked ; thofe of the 

 ftem oblong, rather acute, flightly crenate ; uppermoft 

 acute, rather decurrent. Flowers nearly feffile, in rather 

 crowded tufts. Anthers almoft equal."— Native of the 

 Pyrenees, as well as of the alps of Switzerland and Ger- 

 many. Biennial. Stem eighteen inches or two feet high, 

 ereA, fimple, clothed, like the reft of the herbage, with 

 yellowifli rufty pubefcence. Leaves fomewhat wrinkled, re- 

 ticulated beneath ; the radical ones three to four and a half 

 inches long, two to two and a half broad, obtufe, lofing 

 part of their thick downinefs by age : lower ftem-leaves 

 tapering iqjo a footjlali ; the reft acute, feffile, or, about 



the top of the ftem, flightly decurrent. Clvjler from about 

 three to fix inches long. Floivers nearly feffile, in tufts 

 more or lefs crowded ; fomc folitary. Bra^eas ovato-lan- 

 ceolate, pointed, fcarcely exceeding the flowers, except the 

 lowermoft. Calyx a« in V. phlomoides. Corolla moft like 

 V. Thapfus. Two of the Jilaments more flightly hairy than 

 the reft, fometimes naked ; their anthers perfeft, but rather 

 larger and more oval than the three others. If cultivated 

 in ftiady fituations, the Jlem fometimes reaches the height of 

 fix feet, and becomes branched in the flowering part ; the 

 leaves alfo grow much larger, of a dirty green, a little po- 

 liftied on the upper fide ; the clujlers above a foot long, 

 thicker, and more compaft. Schrader. 



12. V. collinum. Hill Mullein. Schrad. n. 14. t. 5. f. i. 

 — " Leaves crenate, downy ; lower ones elliptic -oblong, 

 ftalked : thofe about the middle of the ftem oblong-lanceo- 

 late, rather acute, tapering at the bafe ; uppermoft oblong, 

 acute, flightly decurrent. Tufts of flowers diftant. An- 

 thers equal." — Native of hillocks, and dry grafly ground, 

 in fome parts of the north of Germany. Perennial. Stem 

 two or three feet high, ereft, fimple, flightly angular in the 

 upper part ; reddifli belovr. Leaves foft, wrinkled, dowliy 

 on both fides ; pale green above ; hoary and reticulated be- 

 neath ; radical ones four or four and a half inches long, and 

 half as broad ; the reft gradually fmaller upwards, the top 

 ones being about an inch and a half in length. CluJler 

 twelve or eighteen inches long, rarely having a branch at 

 the bafe. Flowers yellow, fweet-fcenled, refembling V. 

 nigrum, with purple-bearded Jilaments, and compofing nu- 

 merous little tufts, often near an inch from each other. 

 Schrader. We fliould fufpeft this might be a mule progeny 

 of V. nigrum, impregnated by fome of the foregoing fpe- 

 cies ; having found near Norwicli what has every appear- 

 ance of being a fimilar offspring of nigrum, from the pollen 

 of V. pulverulenfum. 



13. V. verjjlorum. Various-flowered Mullein. Schrad. 

 n. 15. — "Leaves crenate, downy; lowermoft elliptic- 

 oblong, ftalked ; thofe of the ftem oblong, acute, flightly 

 decurrent ; uppermoft pointed. Clufters panicled. Tufts 

 diftant, of few flowers. Anthers equal." — Found in fandy 

 ground near Prague, but rarely. The herbage is clothed 

 with denfe down, of a dirty yellowifh-green hue. Stem two 

 or three feet, or more, in height, branched in the flowering 

 part, rarely fimple. Leaves rather thick and rugged ; ra- 

 dical ones from three and a half to fix inches long, one and 

 a half to two and a half broad, moft evidently and acutely 

 crenate at the bafe ; thofe about the middle of the ftem 

 only feffde. Clujlers panicled, a foot long, or more. 

 Flowers generally the fize of V . phceniceum, flightly fra- 

 grant, in rather diftant tufts. Partial Jlalhs half as long. 

 again as the calyx. BraBeas ovato-lanceolate, with long. 

 points ; the inner ones linear, much fmaller. Corolla of a 

 rufty red, but variable, the bafe of its fmaller fegments 

 bearded with the fame kind of yellow wool that clothes the 

 three fmaller Jilaments. Two larger Jilaments covered en- 

 tirely with purple wool, fome of which alfo is feen about the 

 middle of the three others. Anthers kidney-fhaped ; thofe 

 of the two longer filaments rather larger, and finally more 

 oval. Pollen whitifh. Sometimes the corolla is found twice 

 its ufual fize, and the partial fower-Jlalks are occafionally 

 more long and flender than above defcribed. ProfefTor 

 Schrader received this from Mr. Taufch, a Bohemian bo- 

 tanift, as F. rubiginofum of Waldftein and Kitaibel ; a fpe- 

 cies unknown to us, but which he fays is widely different. 



\^.V.ramigerum. Branched Decurrent Mullein. Schrad. 

 n. 16. t. 4. — " Leaves finely downy ; radical ones oblong- 

 lanceolate ; thofe of the ftem oblong, acute, doubly cre- 



natCj' 



