V E R 



V E R 



cies of Virnonta have been determined, all of thdm, except 

 one, natives of North America, and all herbaceous and per- 

 ennial, except that one, which is annual and of Eaft Indian 

 origin. 



l.W.tioveboraanfis. Long-leaved Vernonia. Willd. n. i. 

 Ait. n. I. Purfli 11.5. Bigelow Boft. 187. ( Serratula 

 noveboracenfis ; Linn. Sp. PI. 1146. S. novrt)oracenfis 

 maxima, foliis longis ferratis ; Dill. Elth. 355. t. 263. 

 Pluk. Phyt. t. 109. f. 3; fee Dill.) — Leaves lanceolate, 

 rough, finely ferrated. Corymb level-topped. Calyx-fcales 

 with fiender points. — By road-fides, and in old paftures, 

 from Canada to Carolina, flowering from Auguft to Ofto- 

 ber. PurJ]:. Stem four or five feet high, ereft, furrowed, 

 purpliili, clothed with abundance of fcattered, nearly feffile, 

 lonp- and narrow leaves ; paler underneath. Floivers nu- 

 merous, dark purple, turning nearly black in decay. Scales 

 of the calyx ending eacli in a fine flender awn. B'lgehiu. 



2. V.prieaha. Tall Vernonia. WiUd. n. 2. Ait. n. 2. 

 Purfh n. 4. ( Serratula prsalta ; Linn. Sp. PI. 1 146. Mill. 

 Ic. t. 234. S. virginica, perfic^ folio, fubtiis incano ; 

 Dill. Elth. 356. t. 264. Eupatoria virginiana, ferr.-itute 

 noveboracenfis latioribus foliis ; Pluk. Almag. 141. Phyt. 

 t. 280. f. 6.) — Leaves lanceolate, ferrated ; downy beneath. 

 Corymb level-topped. Calyx-fcales ovate, pointed. — By 

 road-fides and the borders of woods, from New England to 

 Carohna, flowering from Auguft to OAober. — A tall rough- 

 looking plant. Purjh. Flowers purple. Calyx-fcales with 

 fliorter points than the laft ; and leaves more downy beneath. 

 Linnasus did not well diftinguifli thefe two fpecies, nor 

 have we been able to compare authentic fpecimens. 



3. V. glauca. Glaucous-leaved Vernonia. Willd. n. 3. 

 Ait. n. 3. (Seriatula glauca; Linn. Sp. PI. 1146. S. 

 marilandica, foliis glaucis, cirfii inftar denticulatis ; Dill. 

 Elth. 354. t. 262.) — Leaves lanceolate, ferrated ; glaucous 

 beneath. Corymb repeatedly compoiuid, level-topped. 

 Calyx-fcales ovate, acute. — Native of North America. This 

 is omitted by Purfli, nor have we feen any certain fpecimen. 

 Dillenius reprefents it with broader leaves than either of the 

 former. A garden fpecimen communicated by fir Jofeph 

 Banks under this name, has fmooth leaves, glaucous beneath ; 

 but the points of its calyx-fcales are as long as in the firft. 

 Perhaps Willdenow's fpecific charafters, almoll entirely 

 founded on the calyx, may be fallacious. The points of the 

 fcales appear variable in length, in all the fpecimens that 

 have fallen in our way, all of which we fhould efteem one 

 fpecies, anfwering bell, on the whole, to the charadlers of 

 f^. twveboracenjts. The roughnefs of the leaves in any of 

 them is but flight. 



4. Y.fafc'iculala. Tufted Vernonia. Michaux Boreal.- 

 Amer. v. 2. 94. Purfli n. 3. — " Leaves linear, elongated, 

 fparingly ferrated. Flowers corymbofe, ereft, crowded. 

 Calyx ovate, fmooth, with pointlefs fcales." — Native of 

 meadows in the Illinois country. Michaux. In Virginia, 

 flowering from Auguft to Oftober, xhejloiucrs fmall. Purjli. 

 This, at leaft, fliould feem to be a diftinft fpecies. 



5. V. angujl'folia. Narrow-leaved Vernonia. Michaux 

 ibid. Purfli n. 2. (Chryfocoma graminifolia ; Walt. 

 Carol. 196.) — Leaves crowded, linear, elongated, nearly 

 entire. Corymb fomewhat umbellate. Calyx-fcales with 



little rigid points In barren fandy woods from Virginia to 



Georgia, flowering in Auguft and September. Flowers 

 the fize and figure of V. pnealta. PurJh. Confidering how 

 much fome plants, nearly related to this, though of diff^erent 

 genera, are liable to vary in the breadth of their foliage, we 

 cannot but fufpeft this as a doubtful fpecies, like fome of 

 fhe foregoing. 



6. V, oTi^phylhi. Few-leaved Vernonia. Michaux ibid. 



Purfli n. I. (Chryfocoma acaulis ; Walt. Carol. 196.)-— 

 " Stem fimple, nearly naked. Leaves ferrated ; radical 

 ones oblong-ovate ; the reft lanceolate. Corymb pani- 

 cled." — Native of South Carolina. Flowers purple, as in 

 all the preceding. PurJh. Michaux diftinguiflies two va- 

 rieties ; one denominated vcrna, in which both flowers (of 

 two that we prefume ftand together) are ftalk-\d ; the other 

 autumnalis, in which one of thefe flowers is nearly feflile. 



7. V . anthclmintica. Worm-feed Vernon' i. Willd. n. 4. 

 Ait. n. 4. (Conyza anthelmintica ; Linn. Sp. PI. 1207. 

 Scabiofa conyzoides, foliis latis, dentatis, femine amaro lum- 

 bricos enecante ; Burm. Zeyl 210. t. 95. Cattu-fchiragam ; 

 Rheede Hort. Malab. v. 2. 39. t. 24. ) — Leaves elliptical, 

 ferrated, roughifti, tapering at each end ; moft downy be- 

 neath. Flowers terminal, about three together. — Native of 

 various parts of the Eaft Indies. The feeds were fent to 

 Kew, in 1770, by M. Richard, and have been received fince 

 from time to time. This fpecies, well removed hither by 

 Willdenow from Conyza, is annual, or, in our ftoves, bien- 

 nial, flowering in fummer. The Jlem is branched, feveral 

 feet high, bufliy, downy. Leaves italked, coarfely ferrated., 

 two or three inches long, veiny, more or lefs downy on both 

 fides. Flowers pale purple, larger than any of the Ameri- 

 can fpecies. Calyx-fcaks each tipped with a linear leafy 

 point, very various in length. Seed-down exaftly anfwering 

 to the generic charadler, and well defcribed by Burmanii. 

 The feeils powdered, and drank with warm water, are ufed 

 in India to kill inteftinal worms in children. ■ . 



VERNOSOLA, in Ancient Geography, a place in Gallia 

 Aquitannica ; 15 miles from Aquje Siccae. Anton. Itin. 



VERNOUX, in Geography, a town of France, in the 

 department of the Ardcche ; 14 miles S. of Tournon. 



VERODUNUM, in Jncient Geography, a town of Belgic 

 Gaul, on the route from Durocorvorum to Divodurum, be- 

 tween Ad-Fines and Axuenna. Anton. Itin. 



VEROFABULA, atownof Afia, in Phoenicia. 



VEROLAMUM, or Verulamium, a town of Great 

 Britain, mentioned in feveral routes of Antonine, fituated 

 between Durocobriva; or Dunftable, and Sullioniacie or 

 Biockley Hills. Antiquaries have no difpute aboot the 

 fituation of this town, which was undoubtedly at Vcrulam, 

 near St. Albans. It was a very flourifliiiig and populous 

 city in the Roman times, and honoured with the title and 

 privileges of a municipium or free city. Dion Caflius fays 

 that it was the capital of the Catuellani, whom Ptolemy 

 calls Catycuchlani. 



VEROLI, in Geography, a town of the Popedom, in the 

 Campagna di Roma, the fee of a bifliop, under the pope ; it 

 contains eight churches and three convents ; 3 miles S. of 

 Alatri. N. lat. 41° 42'. E. long. 13° 20'. 



VEROMANDUI, in Ancient Geography, a people of 

 Belgic Gaul, according to Caefar and Pliny. Their habi- 

 tation was S. of the Nervii, N. of the Sueflbnes, E. of tlie 

 Ambiani, and W. of the foreft of the Ardennes. They were 

 able to furnifli no more than 1000 men in a common war 

 againft the Romans. 



VEROMETUM, a town of Great Britain, in the fixth 

 Iter of Antonine, between Ratae or Leicefter, and Margi- 

 dunum, near Eaft Bridgeford ; placed near Willoughby. 



VERON, in Geography, a town of France, in the de- 

 partment of the Yonne ; 5 miles S.S.E. of Sens. 



VERONA, in Ancient Geography, a town of Italy, in Ve- 

 netia, towards the W., upon the Athefis. It was founded 

 by the Eugenians, from whom it paflTed to the Cenomans, 

 who driven from Brixia, fettled here. Martial fays, that 

 Verona was no lefs indebted to the birth of Catullus than 

 Mantua to that of Virgil. Under the reign of ViteUius, the 



partifans 



