VESPERTILIO. 



of the dexterity with which thefe animals, even when 

 blinded, avoid objedt's which would impede their flight. 

 Mr. Carlifle found, that when the external ears of the 

 V. auritus in a (late of blindnefs were clofed, it llruck 

 againft the fides of the room, without being at all aware of 

 its fituation. Thefe bats refufed every kind of food for 

 four days, as was alfo the cafe with others which were pre- 

 ferved in a dark box for above a week. During the day- 

 time they were very defirous of retirement and darknefs ; 

 and, while confined to the box, never moved nor endeavoured 

 to get out during the whole day, and when fpread on the 

 carpet, they crawled flov^dy to a dark corner or crevice. 

 At fun-fet the fcene was quite changed ; every one of them 

 then endeavoured to fcratch its way out of the box ; a con- 

 tinued chirping was heard, and no fooner was the lid of their 

 prifon opened than each was aftive to efcape, either flying 

 away immediately, or running nimbly to a convenient place 

 for taking wing. When thefe bats were firfl; coUeAed, 

 feveral of the females had young ones clinging to their 

 breafts in the aft of fucking. One of them flew with per- 

 feft eafe, though two little ones were thus attached to her, 

 which weighed nearly as much as their parent. All the 

 young were deftitute of down, and of a black colour. 



NocTULA. Tailed bat, with nofe and mouth fimple ; 

 oval ears, and very fmall valves. This is the noftule of 

 BufFon, and groat bat of Pennant. This fpecies is larger 

 than the V. auritus, its extended wings mcafuring from 

 fourteen to fifteen inches ; the length from the nofe to the 

 tip of the tail being about four inches and a half; the nofe is 

 nightly bilobated ; the eyes are fmall and rounded ; the 

 body is flefhy and plump ; the (houlders very thick and 

 mufcular ; the fur very foft and gloffy, and of a bright 

 chefnut-colour. This is an inhabitant of Britain and 

 France ; and is faid to be common in fome parts of RulTia, 

 fheltering in caverns. It flies high in the air in fearch of 

 food, and does not fliim near the furface, like the fmaller 

 bats. It has been found occafionally in great numbers 

 under the eaves of old buildings, and its fmell is generally 

 ftrong and unpleafant. 



Serotinus. Tailed yellowifh bat, with fhort emar- 

 ginated ears. This is the ferotine of BufFon ; its length 

 from nofe to rump two inches and a half. A native of 

 France, and found in Ruflia. 



PlPISTRELLUS. Tailed blackifh-brown bat, with con- 

 vex front and ovate emarginated ears, fcarcely longer than 

 the head. The pipiftrelle of BufFon and of Pennant. This 

 is a fmall fpecies, and found in France. The length from 

 nofe to rump fcarcely an inch and a quarter ; the extent of 

 wings fomewhat more than fix inches. 



Barbastellus. Tailed bat, with elevated hairy cheeks, 

 and large ears angulated on the lower part. The barbafl:elle 

 of BufFon and of Pennant. Length about two inches from 

 nofe to tail ; extent about ten inches ; upper part of the 

 body duflcy-brown, lower part afh-coloured ; ears broad 

 and long ; nofe (hort ; cheeks full ; and end of the nofe 

 flattened. Found in France. 



HisPlDUS. Tailed hairy bat, with channelled noftrils, and 

 long narrow ears. The bearded bat of Pennant ; a fmall 

 fpecies : above reddifh-bfown ; beneath whitifh, tinged 

 with yellow ; nollrils open ; hair on the forehead and under 

 the chin very long ; tail included in a very veiny membrane. 



* * * Fore-teeth in the upper Jaw four, in the lower eight. 



PiCTUS. Tailed bat, with fimple nofe, and funnel- 

 Ihaped appendiculated ears. The autre chauve-fouris of 

 Buffon, and ftriped bat of Pennant. A Ceylonefe fpecies, 

 meafuring from nofe to the end of the tail two inches j above 



brown ; wings ftriped with black, or with tawny and 

 brown ; changing in colour of the body, which is reddifh- 

 brown, with the under parts whitifh ; the nofe fmall and 

 fhort ; the ears fhort, broad, and pointing forwards. 



* * * * Fore-teeth in the upper Jaw two, in the lower Jix. 



NiGRiTA. Tailed yellowifh-brown bat, with the fore- 

 part of the head, the feet, and the tail black. The Senegal 

 bat of Pennant, with a long head, nofe a little pointed, ears 

 fhort and pointed, head and body tawny -brown, mixed with 

 afh-colour ; under parts paler ; the two laft joints of the 

 tail extending beyond the membrane ; length from nofe to 

 rump above four inches ; extent of wing twenty-one inches. 

 A native of Senegal. 



***** Fore-teeth in the upper Jaw two, in the lower four. 



MoLossus. Tailed bat, with pendulous upper lip, and 

 long tail, ftretching beyond the connefting membrane. 

 This is the bull-dog bat of Pennant, which has a thick nofe ; 

 broad and round ears ; the upper part of the body of a 

 deep afh-colour, the lower paler ; the five laft joints of the 

 tail difengaged from the membrane ; length above two 

 inches ; extent of wings nine and a half. Found in the 

 Weft Indies. 



Gmelin reckons two varieties, one greater, the autre 

 chauve-fouris of BufFon, and the other leffer, the autre 

 chauve-fouris of Buffon. . Found in the American iflands. 



****** Fore-teeth in the upper Jaw two, in the lower none. 



Cephalotes. Tailed yellowifh-grey bat, with large 

 head, extended lips, fpiral noftrils, fubocular warts, and 

 fmall ears without valves. This is a native of the Molucca 

 ifles : the end of the tail reaches beyond the membrane ; 

 the tongue covered with papilla and minute fpines ; the 

 claw or thumb joined to the wing by a membrane, and the 

 firft ray of the wing terminated by a claw ; the liead and 

 back of a greyifh-afh colour ; length from nofe to rump 

 three inches and three-quarters ; extent of wings about 

 fifteen. 



******* Fore-teeth in the upper Jaw none, in the lower four. 



Lepturus. Tailed bat, with tubular noftrils, flender 

 tail, and a purfe-fhaped cavity on the interior part of each 

 of the wings. This is the pouched bat of Pennant. The 

 colour of the body is cinereous-brown ; the under parts 

 paler; length an inch and a half. A native of Surinam. 



Ferrum Equixum. Bat with horfe-fhoe fhapcd nofe ; 

 ears without valves ; and tail half the length of the body. 

 This is the fer-a-cheval of Buffon. The upper part of the 

 body is deep cinereous ; the lower part whitifh. Gmelin 

 mentions two varieties, greater and fmaller, which may be 

 the male and female, the greater above three inches and a 

 half long from the nofe to the tip of the tail, and extent of 

 the wings above fourteen. Found in France, very rarely In 

 England ; alfo about the Cafpian fea. 



******** JVo Fore-teeth. 



NovEBORACENSis. Long-tailed ferruginous bat, with 

 ftiort fharp nofe, fhort round ears, and white fpot at the 

 bafe of each wing. This is the New York bat of Pennant ; 

 2\ inches long from nofe to tail ; tail i [>p inch ; extent of 

 wings io| inches ; head fliaped hke that of a moufe ; tip 

 of the nofe bifid ; tail iacloled in a conic-fhaped mem- 

 brane ; head, body, and upper fide of the membrane in- 

 clofing the tail, covered with long foft hair of a bright 

 tawny colour ; the wings thin, naked, and dufliy, and the 



bones 



