V 1 A 



manufadure was eftablirtied by the great Peter. Some 

 tanners likewife were brought by him from England, to 

 teach the art of tanning leather ; 624 miles E. of Peterfburg. 

 N. lat. 58° 25'. E. long. 50° 22'.— Alfo, a river of Ruffia, 

 which pafles by Viatka, Orlov, Kotelnitch, &c. and runs 

 into the Kama, 40 miles E. of Kazan. 



VIATOR, in /liitiquUy, an officer of juftice among the 

 Romans. The term, originally, had no other fignification 

 than that of a public meffenger, or fervant, fent to advertife 

 the fenators and magiftrates when affemblies were to be 

 held, where their prefence was required. 



Hence, becaufe, in the firft ages of that empire, the 

 Roman magiftrates lived moftly at their country houfes ; 

 thefe officers being obliged to be frequently upon the road, 

 were called viatoris, travellers ; from via, highway. 



In procefs of time, the name viator became common to 

 all officers of the magiftrates, liftors, accenC, fcribes, 

 ftatores, and criers ; either by reafon thefe names and 

 offices were confounded in one ; or becaufe viator was a 

 general name, and the reft particular ones, fpecifying the 

 particular funftions they difcharged, as A. Gellius feems to 

 inftnuate, when he fays, that the member of the company of 

 viatores who binds a criminal condemned to be whipped, 

 was called liBor. 



Be this as it will, the names liSor and viator are often 

 ufed indifcriminately for each other ; and we as often meet 

 with Send to feet, or advertife him by a lidor, as by a viator. 



None but the confuls, praetors, tribunes, and sediles, had 

 a right to have viatores. They were not to be Roman 

 citizens, and yet they were required to be free. 



VIATORE, in Geography, a town of Hindooftan, in the 

 country of the Nayrs; 25 miles N.E. of TeUichery. 



VIATSKOE, a government of Ruffia, bounded on the 

 N. by the government of Vologda, on the E. by Permikoe. 

 on the S. by Uphinflvoe and Kazandioe, and on the W. by 

 Koftromfl{oe ; 260 miles long, and from 80 to 180 broad, 

 N. lat. 55° 40' to 60° 25'. E. long. 46° to 54°. 



VIAZMA, a town of Ruffia, in the government of 

 Smolenfli. This town is fituated on an eminence, and covers 

 a great extent of ground ; it is irregularly built, chiefly of 

 wooden houfes, a few only of the more modern being of 

 brick. It contains more than twenty churches, a great 

 number for the town, which is far from being populous ; 

 76 miles E.N.E. of Smolenflv. N. lat. 55° 20'. E. long. 

 24^ 26'. 



VIAZNIKI, a town of Ruffia, in the government of 

 Vladimir, on the Kliazma ; 52 miles E. of Vladimir. N. 

 lat. 56"" 10'. E. long. 41° 50'.' 



VIAZOVSKOI, a town of Ruffia, in the government 

 of Upha, on the Ural ; 36 mUes E.S.E. of Orenburg. 



VIBANTANARIUM, or ViBAN-TAVARlUM, in An- 

 cient Geography, a town of European Sarmatia. Strabo and 

 Ptolemy. 



VIBELLI, a people of Italy, in Liguria. Pliny. 



VIBEX is fometimes ufed, by Phyfecians, for a black and 

 blue fpot on the fl<in, occafioned by an afflux or extravafa- 

 tion of blood. 



VIBI FORUM, in Ancient Geography, a place of Italy, 

 in Gallia Cifalpina. 



VIBINUM, a place of Italy, in Apulia, making a part 

 of Magna Gracia. 



VIBISCUS, a town of GaUia Celtica, or the Lyonnefe, 

 among the Helvetians. Anton. Itin. 



VIBO, ViBONA, or Vinoba, a town of Italy, in 

 Bruliuui, upon the route from Rome to Colonne, by the 

 Appiaii way, between Ad Turres and Nicotera. Cicero 

 calls it Vibo. 



V I B 



VIBORG, or WiBORG, in Geography, a city of Den- 

 mark, capital of a diocefe, and all North Jutland, fituated 

 near the centre of the province, on a lake, called Afmild, 

 which abounds in filh. It is one of the moft ancient towns 

 of the kingdom, and was formerly large and rich, containing, 

 prior to the reformation, twelve churches and fix convents. 

 At prefent it is about two miles in circumference, and con- 

 tains three parifh churches. It is ftill the refidence of a 

 governor, and the fee of a biffiop ; and a provincial court is 

 held here every month for all North Jutland. In 1528, the 

 reformation firft began in this town ; 1 86 miles N. of Ham- 

 burgh. N. lat. 36'^ 32'. E. long. 9° 18'. 



ViBORG, or IVyborg, a fea-port town of Ruffia, and capital 

 of a government, to which it gives name, in the gulf of 

 Finland ; the fee of a bifhop. This town was built in the 

 year 1293, and was heretofore the capital of Carelia. It 

 was founded by Birger Jahl as a military hold, that ftiould 

 enable him to check the increafmg power of the republic of 

 Novgorod, fo famous in thofe days. Peter the Great having 

 taken this town by capitulation in the year 17 10, improved 

 its fortifications, which have ever fince been kept in tolerable 

 good condition, fo that Viborg was looked on as the 

 bulwark of Ruffia againft Sweden. They are now, how- 

 ever, in a fomewhat dilapidated ftate, and not regarded as of 

 much ufe. The principal exports are planks, tallow, pitch, 

 and tar, for which the Enghfh are the greateft cuilomers : 

 their imports are moftly purchafed from France and Hol- 

 land, and are chiefly wine, fpices, and fait ; 360 miles S.W. 

 of Archangel. N. lat. 60° 50'. E. long. 28° 50'. 



VIBORGIA, in Botany, erroneoufly written Wiborgiu, 

 received its name in honour of Mr. Eric Viborg, a learned 

 and acute Danilh botanift, author of feveral botanical and 

 economical treatifes in his own language, publiflied eighteen 



or twenty years ago at Copenhagen Thunb. Prodi'. 



n. 45. Willd. Sp. PI. v. 3. 919 — Clafs and order, Z)/<2- 

 delphia Decandria. Nat. Ord. Papilionacea, Linn. Legu- 

 minofit, Juft. 



Eft'. Ch. Stamens all connefted. Calyx five-toothed, with 

 rounded interftices. Legume turgid, furrowed, winged. 



1. V. obcordata. Thunb. Prodr. 121. Willd. n. i 



Leaflets fmooth, obtufe. Branches elongated, lax A 



flirub, found at the Cape of Good Hope. 



2. V. fufca. Thunb. ibid. Willd. n. 2. — Leaflets 

 fmooth, pointed. Branches wand-like, ereft. — A flirub, 

 from the fame country. 



3. V. fericea. Thunb. ibid. Willd. n. 3. — Leaves 

 downy, as well as the wand-like branches — This is alfo a 

 Cape flirub. We have feen none of the fpecies. The 

 genus feems well defined, though we lament the meagrenefs 

 of its hiftory. 



VIBORSKOI,in Geography, a government of Ruffia, of 

 which Viborg is the capital ; bounded on the N. and W. by 

 Finland, on the S. by the gulf of Finland and the govern- 

 ment of Peterfburg, and on the E. by lake Ladoga and 

 the government of Olonetz ; its form is very irregular. Its 

 extent from N. to S. about 152 miles, where longeft, in 

 other places fcarccly 60 ; its breadth from 60 to 100. N. 

 lat. 60° 15' to 62° 40'. E. long. 26^ to 32°. 



VIBRAIS, or ViBRAYE, a town of France, in the 

 department of the Sarte ; 9 miles N. of St. Calais. 



VIBRANT, or ViBRlON, in Natural Hijlory, tlie name 

 of a clafs of flies, commonly known by the name of the 

 ichneumons. 



The word is derived from the Latin -jibro, to Jliale or 

 quiver, and is applied to thefe flies, from the 'jonliiiual 

 vibrating motion obferved in their antennae. 



VIBRATION, in Mechanics, a regular, reciprocal mo- 

 tion 



