VIC 



V 1 c 



Sicily, and as an indemnity receive Sardinia, with the royal 

 title annexed to it, whicii meafure was accompliflied in 1718, 

 and the duke<; of Savoy have thenceforth rank-'d among the 

 monarchs of Europ as kings, of Saiilinia. 



Vift.^r-Amad-Ms from this time devot d himfelf to the 

 arts of peace ; and after a reign of fifti-e-i yi-ars, as duke 

 and as king, ab 'icated his titles and government, in 1730, 

 in favour of his fon, Charles-Emaiiuel, contenting liimfelf 

 with an annual penfion. But afterwards repenting of his 

 condiift, .md inftigated by an ambitious miftrefs, to whom 

 he was privately married, he attemptel to refume his royalty. 

 The new king refill'd his inclinations, and placed him under 

 a degr-e of reftraint, in which ftate he died, at the cattle of 

 Rivoli, n-ar Turin, in 1732, in his 67th year. Mod. Un. 

 Hift. Gen. Biog. 



VicTOK, AuRELius. See Aurelius. 



Victor, in Geography, a town of Peru, in the jurifdiclion 

 of Areqni a ; I J miles S. of Arcquipa. 



VICTORIA, Vicente, in Biography, was a Spanifli 

 artilt, a native of Valencia, and born in 1658. He went to 

 Rome wh-n young, and there became a fcholar of Carlo 

 Maratti, and diftiugnifhed himfelf fufficiently in hiftorical 

 painting to be tak-ninto employment by tlie grand duke of 

 Tufcany. His portrait is in the Florentine gallery. He 

 painted feveral pidlures for churches in his native country, 

 and died at Rome in 1712. 



VlcTOlUA, Ma/car, in yincient Geography, a town of 

 Africa, in the interior of Mauritania Cacfarienfis, S.E. of 

 Arfinaria : mentioned by Ptolemy 



Victoria, a town of ancient Britain, belonging to the 

 Damnii, which Camden fuppofes may be the ancient Britifh 

 town mentioned by Bede, called Caer-Guidi, and fituated 

 in Inch-Kfith, a fmall ifland in the Firth of Forth. Bax- 

 ter earnettly contends for Ardoah, in Strathearn, while 

 Horfley prefers Abernethy. Its fituation cannot be afcer- 

 tained. 



Victoria, in Geography, a town on the fouth-weft coaft 

 of the idand of Amboyna, fituated in a large bay. N. lat. 

 3° 42'. E. long. 128- 23' — Alfo, a fmall ifland in the At- 

 lantic, near the coaft of Brafil. S. lat. 23° 40'. — Alfo, a 

 town of Sonth America, in the province of Caraccas ; fix 

 leagues E. from Tulmero, and on the road that leads to the 

 city of Caraccas. It was founded by the miflionaries, and 

 compof-d folely of Indians, untd indu'.lry fixed her feat in 

 the valleys of Aragoa, and drew thither a number of whites, 

 of whom part fettled at Viftoria. The lands in its vici- 

 nity were cultivated, and their produce placed decent 

 houfes in the room of Indian huts. A very handfome 

 church, vying in beauty and fizc with the principal cathe- 

 drals in America, has lately been erefted in this place, and 

 the number of inhabitants of all colours is reckoned to 

 amount to 7800. 



VICTORIiE MoNs, in indent Geography, a mountain 

 of Hiipania Citerior, near the river Hebrus. 



Vic roRi.K Julio Brigenfmm Partus, a port and town of 

 Hifpania Citerior, belonging to the Varduh. 



VICTORIAN Period, in Chronology. See Period. 



VICTORIATUS, among the Romans, a coin with 

 Viftory reprefentcd on one fide, equal in value to half the 

 denarius. 



VICTORINUS, Caius, or Fabius Marius, in Bio- 

 graphy, an African philofopher, was a convert to Chrilli- 

 anity, and floiiriflied in the fourth century. He gamed fnch 

 a degree of reputation by teaching rhetoric at Rome, that 

 a ilatiie was crcfted in honour of him in one of the pub- 

 lic places. He was led to the perufal of the Scriptures 

 by the ftudy of Plato'j works, and thus convinced of their 



truth, after fome hefitation, he publicly declared himfelf a 

 Chriftian, and was baptized in the prcfence of all the people. 

 He was the author of feveral works, fome of which are 

 publiflied in the Bibliotheca Patrum ; but as they are of no 

 great value, it is needlefs to enumerate them. The timeof 

 his death, thongh not precifely afcertained, is fuppofed to 

 have been previous to the year 386. Dupin. 



VICTORIOLA, in Botany, a iianje ufed by fome au- 

 thors for the hippoglufTum, called in Englifh the Akxandria- 

 laurel, horf -tongue, or double-tongue. 



VTCTORIUS, m Biography. See Vettori. 

 VICTORY, Victoria, the overthrow, or defeat, of an 

 enemy, in war, combat, duel, or the like. See War, 

 Combat, Duel, Champion, &c. 



Among the Romans, crowns, triumphs, &c. were decreed 

 to their generals, for the victories they gained. 



Victory, ylaian, denotes the viftory which Auguftus, 

 or rather his general, gained over Mark Antony after the 

 capture of Aftium ; in commemoration of which he built 

 the city of Nicopolis, and re-ellablifhed with peculiar mag- 

 nificence the Aftian games. 



Victory, Games of, were public games celebrated on 

 account of a viftory ; they were called by the Greeks 

 ETivixaioi afuv!;, and in Latin infcriptions they are denomi- 

 nated ludi villorits. Of thefe, the Roman hiflory recites 

 thofe in honour of Auguftus, after the battle of Aftium ; 

 thofe of Septimius Severus, after the defeat of Pefcennius 

 Niger ; thofe in honour of Lucius Verus and Marcus Au- 

 rchus, on their return from the expedition againft the Par- 

 thians, recorded on the marble of Cyzicus, &c. 



Victory, in Mythology, called N^jcti by the Greeks, was 

 perfonified and made a deity both by the Greeks and Romans. 

 According to Varro, (he was the daughter of Caelum and 

 Terra ; but Hefiod makes her the daughter of Styx and 

 Pallas. Temples, ftatues, and altars were confecrated to 

 this deity. Sylla, according to Cicero, inftituted games in 

 honour of this goddefs. At Athens there was a temple 

 dedicated to Viftory, in which was placed her ftatue without 

 wings. The firft temple built in honour of her by the 

 Romans was during the Samnite war, under the confulate of 

 L. Pofthumius and M. Attilius Rcgulus. With them (he 

 was reprefented as a winged deity, fbmetimcs almoft in the 

 attitude of flying, and with her robe carried back with the 

 wind ; holding a laurel crown in her hand, which was an- 

 ciently the peculiar reward of fnccefsful generals and great 

 conquerors. The Egyptians reprefented her under the 

 figure of an eagle, a bird always victorious in its combats 

 with other birds. The poets inform us that her wings were 

 white, and her robe of the fame colour. Tliey fometimea 

 defcribe her hovering between two armies engaged in battle, 

 as doubtful which fide fhe fliall choofe, and fometimeg itand- 

 ing fixed by one (he is refolved to favour, as fhe is often 

 feen on the medals of the Roman emperors. This goddefs 

 is often reprefented in a chariot, drawn rapidly along by two 

 horfes. Pliny fpeaks of a pifture of Vidtory in Rome, in 

 which fhe was afcending to heaven, in a chariot with Tour 

 horfes, as flic appears on the Antonine pillar, carrying 

 thither fome hero, and with a palm-branch in her hand. 

 This, and the crown of laurel, were her general attributes ; 

 and a third was a trophy, and fometimes two, one on each 

 fide of her. Sometimes (lie is feen mounted on a globe, as 

 (he appears upon the medals of the emperors, becaufe they 

 reckoned tliemfelves matters of the world. When a naval 

 battle was defigned, (he was drawn mounted on the prow of 

 a (hip ; and when (he holds a bull by the muzzle, it points 

 out the facrificc! that were offered after any advantages that 

 were gained. It appears from the ancients that no bloody 



vidini 



