VIOLA. 



and annual, tweKe or eighteen inches high, ereft, ftraight, 

 fmooth, leafy, but httlc branched. Lea'ves two inches and 

 a half long, and one broad, bluntly ferrated, fmooth. Foot- 



fialks an incli long. Stipulas for the moft part longer than 

 the footftalks, lanceolate, obtufe ; half-ovate at the bafe, 

 and more or lefs pinnatifid at the outer, more rounded, 

 margin. Floiucr-Jlalhs axillary, Ihorter than the leaves, each 

 vfith two awl-fhaped bracleas above the middle, and a large, 

 greyifh-blue, inodorous_/?owfr. Calyx-leaves acute, unequal 

 in breadth ; much elongated and toothed at the bafe. Cap- 



fule oblong, triangular. Seeds oval. 



29. V. concolor. Green-flowered Violet. Forfter Tr. of 

 Linn. Soc. v. 6. 309. t. 28. Ait. n. 24. Purfh n. 21. 

 Muhlenb. Cat. 26. — Stem ere£l, downy. Leaves elliptic- 

 lanceolate, tapering at each end. Stipulas linear-lanceolate, 

 entire. — Native of hme-ilone rocks in Pennfylvania, flower- 

 ing in June and July. Purjh. Mr. Forfter received living 

 plants from America before the year 1788. The root is 

 fibrous, perennial. Stems fimple, ereft, leafy, from one to 

 two feet high, angular and furrowed, moft hairy in the 

 upper part. Leaves three inches long, more or lefs, and 

 above one broad, entire or fomewhat toothed, taper-pointed, 

 ciUated, running down into fhortifh bordered footjlalks. 

 Stipulas four, two fmaller than the reft. Floivers very 

 fmall, green, on axillary ftalks, two together, one of them 

 imperfeft. The Jlo-ivers are very rarely produced in a 

 garden. Their diminutive fize, and green petals, are very 

 peculiar, as is indeed the whole habit of this curious fpecies; 

 yet we fee no poffible reafon for feparating it from Viola. 

 The capfule, figured, but not defcribed, by Mr. Forfter, 

 appears rather large in proportion to the flower, elliptical, 

 acute, with large, oval, not numerous, feeds. 



30. V. canadenfis. Canadian Violet. Linn. Sp. PI. 1326. 

 Willd. n. 17. Ait. n. 18. Purfti n. 14. — Stem nearly 

 ereft, partially hairy, almoft round. Leaves heart-lhaped, 

 pointed, ferrated, fmooth. Stipulas (lightly notched. Cap- 

 fule downy. — In ftiady woods, in rich moift fituations, on 

 the mountains, from Canada to Carolina ; perennial, flower- 

 ing from June to Auguft. Floivers fweet-fcented ; on the 

 outfide piirphfti-blue ; on the infide white, elegantly veined. 

 PurJh. The habit of the plant is fomewhat akin to V. 

 ianiua. Stem a fpan high, fimple, moft leafy in the upper 

 part ; often marked partially, more or lefs diftinftly, with 

 a downy lateral line. Leaves ftalked, broad at the bafe, 

 fomewhat deltoid, with about feven ribs ; their length an 

 inch and a half; breadth nearly as much. Stipulas ovato- 

 lanceolate, rarely notched. Floiver-Jlalhs about equal to 

 the leaves, angular, with one or two minute hraSeas towards 

 the bottom. Calyx-leaves lineas-lanceolate, fmooth ; heart- 

 ftiaped, very little elongated, at the bafe. Corolla often 

 white on both fides. Capfule globular, denfely villous, 

 efpecially in an early ftate ; which we do not find noticed, 

 but it appears to diftinguifli the fpecies very fatisfaftorily. 



^i.V.Jlriata. Streaked Violet. Ait. n. 19. Willd. n. 18. 

 Purfli n. 15. — Stem nearly ere A, femi-cylindrical. Leaves 

 heart-ftiaped, pointed, fmooth, ferrated. Stipulas with 

 fringe-like ferratures. Capfule fmooth. — In ftiady woods, 

 from Pennfylvania to Virginia ; perennial, flowering from 

 May to July. Flotuers white, with purple veins. PurJh. 

 This refembles the laft, but the Jipulas, and if we miftake 

 not, the fmoothnefs of the capfule, afford a clear fpecific 

 diftinftion between it and the laft. The Jlower-flaHs bear a 

 pair of very narrow awl-fhaped IraHeas towards the top. 

 The calyx is confiderably elongated at the bafe. 



32. V. dehilis. Weak-ftalked Violet. Michaux Boreal. - 

 Amer. v. 2. 150. Purfh n. 16. — Stem afcending. Leaves 

 kidney-heartfhaped, fcarcely pointed, fmooth, crenate. Sti- 



pulas with fringeJlke ferratures. Flower-ftalks twice the 

 length of the leaves. — In low grounds, from Pennfylvania to 

 Carolina ; perennial, flowering from May to July. About 

 half the fize of the two preceding, with light-blue //owirrj'. 

 BraSeas linear, on the upper part of the (talks. Calyx de- 

 cidedly elongated at the bafe. Capfule cjuite fmooth. Moft 

 akin to V.flriata, but apparently diftinft. 



33. V.rojlrata. Larkfpur Violet. Purfh n. 17. — Stem 

 afcending. Leaves roundilh-heartftiaped, ferrated, fmooth. 

 Stipulas deeply fringed. Flower-ftalks twice the length of 

 the leaves. Neftary longer than the petals. — On ftiady 

 rocks, near Eaftown, Pennfylvania ; perennial, flowering in 

 May and June. Floivers blue. Purfn. About the ftature 

 of the laft. The leaves have a fmall blunt point. Stipulas 

 often rather pinnatifid than fringed, almoft as long as the 



footjlalks. Bra^eas awl-fliaped, above half way up the 

 flalks. Flowers large, vei-y much like Delphinium Confolida 



in fize, colour, and general afpeft. Neilary an inch long, 



obtufe, flightly recurved. 



34. V. pulefcens. Downy Yellow Violet. Ait. n. 20. 

 Willd. n. 19. Purfti n. 18. ( V. penfylvanica ; Michaux 

 Boreal.-Amer. v. 2. 149.) — Stem ereft, fimple, downy, 

 leafy at the top. Leaves triangular-heartfhaped ; moft 

 downy beneath. Stipulas ovate, notched at the extremity. 

 — In fhady woods among rocks, particularly lime-ftone, 

 from New York to Virginia ; perennial, flowering in May 

 and June. PurJh. Sent to Kew garden in 1772, by Mr. 

 W. Young. We are indebted to Mr. Francis Boott, a young 

 botaniil of great zeal and intelligence, for finer fpecimens of 

 this, and many other North American plants, than have 

 ever before been feen in Europe. The root has many long, 

 ftout, fimple fibres. Herb rather fucculent, more or lefs 

 clothed with fine fhort filky pubefcence. Stem fimple ; 

 naked in the lower part ; with three or four leaves at the top, 

 which are two inches wide, ferrated, bright green, many- 

 ribbed. Stipulas ftiorter than the loweft_/bo//?rt/^, longer than 

 the others. Flonver-fialks downy, rather fhorter than the 

 leaves, deftitute, as far as we can difcern, of bralleas. 

 Flotuers nearly as large as V. canina, yellow, with brown 

 veins. Calyx fcarcely elongated at the bafe. 



35. V. hajiata. Halberd-leaved Yellow Violet. Michaux 



Boreal.-Amer. v. 2. 149. Purfh n. 19. Ait. Epit. 376 



Stem ereft, fimple, leafy at the top, fmooth as well as the 

 haftate, nearly feffile, leaves. Stipulas minute, finely 

 toothed — On high mountains, from Pennfylvania to Caro- 

 lina ; perennial, flowering in May and June. Flotuers yel- 

 low. PurJh. Introduced at Kew, we prefume by Mr. 

 MaflTon, in 1803. This feems nearly related to the laft, and 

 indeed to the following, though all are fufficiently well dif- 

 criminated. We have not feen fpecimens of this or the 

 V. Nuttallii. It is much to be wifhed that fuch as are not 

 yet figured, might find a place in fome periodical work. 



36. V. Nuttallii. Yellow Miflburi Violet. Purfti n. 20. 

 — " Downy. Stem fimple, ereft. Leaves ovate-oblong, 

 acute, ribbed, flightly toothed ; tapering down into long 

 footftalk.s. Stipulas lanceolate, undivided. Flower-ftalks 

 the length of the leaves." — Found by Mr. Nuttall, on the 

 banks of the MifTouri ; perennial, flowering in June. Flotuers 

 yellow. PurJh. 



37. V. mirabilis. Broad-leaved Violet. Linn. Sp. PI. 

 1326. Willd. n. 20. Ait. n. 21. Jacq. Auftr. t. 19. 

 Fl. Dan. t. 1045. (V. montana latifolia, flores ex radice, 

 femina in cacumine ferens ; Dill. Elth. 408. t. 303.) — Stem 

 ereft, triangular, leaflefs in the middle. Leaves kidney- 

 heartfhaped, acute, crenate, fmooth. Upper flowers with- 

 out petals. Calyx much dilated at the bafe. Stipulas lan- 

 ceolate, entire. — Native of woods and buffiy places in Swe- 



den 



