VIS 



the vis matrix arifes from the vis acceleratrix, multiplied by 

 the quartity of matter. 



The followers of Leibnitz ufe the term vis molrix for the 

 force of a body in motion, in the fame fenfe as tlie Newto- 

 nians ufe the term vis Inertiic ; this latter they allow to be 

 inherent in a body at reft ; but the former, or vis molrix, is 

 a force inherent in the fame body whilll in motion, which 

 aftually carries it from place to place, by aftiiig upon it 

 always with the fame intenfity in every phyfical part of the 

 line whicii it defcribes. See FoiiCE and Motion. 



Vis Fiva, in Mechanics, a term ufed by Leibnitz and his 

 difciples for force, (which fee,) which they dillinguifh into 

 two kinds, vis mortua, and vis viva-; underftaiiding by the 

 former any kind of prelfure, or an endeavour to move, inluffi- 

 cient to produce aftual motion, unlefs its aftion on a body 

 be continued for fome time, and by the latter, that force or 

 power of afting which refides in a body in motion. 



VISAKNA, or SalzBurg, in Geography, a town of 

 Tranfylvania, famous for its fait -works ; 4 miles N. of 

 Hermanftadt. 



VISANDONE, a town of Italy, in Friuli ; 5 miles 

 S.W. of Udina. 



VISBECK, or FiscHBECK, a town of Weftphalia, in 

 the county of Schauenburg, with an imperial free Lutheran 

 abbey for ladies, on the Wefer ; 8 miles E. of Rinteln. 



VISBURGII, in Ancient Geography, a people of Ger- 

 many, N. of the Hercynian foreit. Ptol. According to 

 Cluvier, they are the fame people with thofe placed by 

 Ptolemy in Sarmatia, and named Burgiones. He thinks 

 they inhabited the mountains of Sarmatia and the Viftula, 

 and that from the name of this river they were called Thi- 

 Wiffelburges, which the Latins corrupted into Vilburgi, 

 and others into Burgiones. 



VISCAGO, in Botany, from vifcum, bird-lime, and ago, 

 to produce or bear, a name borrowed by Dillenius, in Hort. 

 Elth. 416, from Cxfalpinus and Camerarius, and applied to 

 fuch fpecies of the old genus of Lychnis, as have feveral 

 cells in the capfule. Thefe come chiefly under Silene; fee 

 that article. The above name alludes to the vifcidity of 

 thefe plants, and is fynonimous with their Englifh appella- 

 tion, Catchfly. 



ViscAGO is alfo ufed by fome pharmaceutic writers to 

 exprefs a mucilage. 



VISCARDO, in Geography, a fea-port town on the N. 

 ccaft. of Cephalonia, oppofite to the ifland of Teaki, which 

 gives name to a narrow Itrait that feparates the two iflands. 

 VISCARIA, in Botany, a word of the fame import as 

 VisCAGo; fee that article. It was originally applied by 

 Taberngemontanus to the common Lobcl's Catchfly, Silene 

 ylrmeria ; and has been retained by Linnius, as the fpecific 

 name of the German Catchfly, Lychnis Vifcaria. He always 

 wrote it with a capital letter, as if it had previoully been 

 ufed for a generic or proper name, which not being the 

 cafe, it had better have been confidered as an adjeftive, and 

 made vifcata. 



VISCERA, in Anatomy, a term originally applied to 

 the bowels or inteftines, but now ufed indifcriminately for 

 the organs contained in any cavity of the body. Tims, the 

 heart, lungs, &c. arc called the thoracic vifcera ; the liver, 

 fplecn, pancreas, (lomach, and inteftines, the abdominal 

 vifcera, &c. 



The term is formed of vefci, to feed ; by reafon eatables, 

 called in Latin vefca, undergo divers preparations in the 

 vifcera. 



The word is alfo frequently ufed fingularly, vifcus, to 

 exprefs fome particular part of the entrails, becaufe the 

 word entrails has no fingular. 

 Vol. XXXVII. 



V IS 



The different internal organs, comprifed under the general 



dcfignation of vifcera, are defcribed under their refpeftive 

 heads : fee Heart, Lijngs, Thymus, Sto.mach, Intes- 

 tines, Liver, Spleen, Pancreas, Epiploon, and Ge- 

 neration. 



We have only to add, in the prefent article, an explana- 

 tion of the references in the plates rcprefcnting the anatomy 

 of the vifcera. 



Anatomy ( Vifcera). Plate I. 



Fig. I. is a front view of the cheft and abdomen in a 

 newly born child; the fternum and neighbouring part of 

 the ribs, with the correfponding pleurae, the front of the 

 abdominal parietes and diapliragm, having been cut through 

 and removed. 



I. Os hyoides. 



2. 2. Portion of the fterno-hyoideus and omo-hyoideus 



mufcles. 



3. 3. Portion of the fterno-diyroideus turned back. 

 4. Thyroid cartilage. ' 



5. 5. Hyo-thyroideus. 



6. 6. Thyroid gland. 

 7. Trachea. 



8. 8. Portion of the fterno-cleido-maftoideus. 



g. 9. Clavicle. 



10. 10. Firft rib. 



11. II. Ninth rib. 

 12. Thymus. 



13— 15. Right lung: 13. Its fuperior lobe ; 14. Middle 



lobe; 15. Inferior lobe. 

 16. 17. Left lung: 16. The fuperiqrlobe; 17. The inferior 



lobe. 

 18. Pericardium. 



19. 19. Diaphragm. 



20. 21. Liver : 20. The right lobe ; 21. The left lobe. 



22. Sufpenfory ligament of the liver. 



23. The umbilical vein turned back. 



24. The fpleen. 



25. 26. Great omentum : 25. Its portion lying on the 



mcfocolon ; 26. Loofe portion. 

 27. 27. Arch of the colon. 



28. Left portion of the colon. 



29. The right portion. 



30. 30. 30. The jejunum, filled partly with meconium, 



partly with air. 



31. 31. 31. The ileum. 



32. 'Urinary bladder, with its fundus turned forwards. 

 33. 33, Umbilical artery. 



34. Urachus. 



35. Internal furface of the peritoneum. 



36. 36. Internal jugular vein. 



37. 37. Thyroid vein. 



38. 38. Subclavian vein. 

 39.39. Common carotid artery. 

 40. 40. Subclavian artery. 



41. Qifophagus. 



Fig. 2. exhibits the fame view as the laft, except that 

 the thymus and pericardium have been removed, and the 

 liver turned up towards the right, fo as to expofe the 

 ftomacli. 

 1—4. The heart: i. Appendix of the right auricle ; 

 2. Pulmonary ventricle ; 3. Appendix of the left 

 auricle; 4. Aortic ventricle. (The outUnc of 

 the heart is marked by a dotted line on the fur- 

 face of tlie liver. ) 

 c. Piilmooary artery. 

 ^ K. k 6. Aorta. 



