VITIS. 



tallied, and proof afforded that the vines are worth culti- 

 vation. It is likewife recommended, that after they are 

 planted, they Ihould be cut at the third eye, if ftrong ; but 

 at the fecond, if weakly ; at the fame time rubbing off the 

 lower bud wit'.i the finger and tliumb, as direfted below. 



But where the method by cuttings is made ufe of, thefe 

 Should be chofen from the Ihoots that are beft ripened, and 

 have the Ihoitell joints ; always having one or two joints of 

 the laft year's wood, cutting it perfeftly fmooth and a little 

 rounding at the lower end, and as near to a joint of the old 

 ivood as poflible. The upper end (hould alfo be cut fmooth 

 and (loping towards the wall ; but if they are planted in beds 

 or borders, the cut ihould always face towards the north. 

 When cuttings are planted againft piers or walls, it rtiould 

 be at about afoot diftance from each other, according to the 

 vacant fpace, and fo deep as to have the fecond eye level 

 with the ground, conftantly rubbing off the lower eye ; as 

 by this means, where no accident happens to the top bud, there 

 will be a fhoot produced from each eye, with a little one under, 

 which ihould always be rubbed off as foon as it begins to 

 fwell ; as if fuffered to grow to any conliderable fize, there 

 will be danger of injuring the large one in rubbing the fmall 

 one off. All the runners and fide-flioots fhould hkewife be 

 picked off as direfted above, leaving only two (hoots, which 

 fliould be trained at their full length. About the beginning 

 of February they may be pruned, leaving one or two eyes 

 on each, according to the ftrength of the (hoot, which (liould 

 be managed as explained below. 



It is remarked by the above writer, that for the firft year, 

 efpecially if the fummer be dry, and proper attention be not 

 paid to the watering of them, they will make but little pro- 

 grefs ; but in the fecond year it may be plainly difcerned 

 which is the ftrongeit plant, which only (hould be left to 

 fill up tlie vacant fpace on the wall ; the reft (hould be taken 

 up and planted in other fituations where they are wanted 

 for fruit. 



However, a method is made ufe of by Mr. Speechley and 

 others, of propagating the vine from one eye, and a few 

 inches of the preceding year's wood, which they prefer to 

 thofe raifed by cuttings in the common way, on thefe ac- 

 counts : they have more abundant roots, grow fhorter 

 jointed, are more prolific, and will, if permitted, come into 

 bearing the fecond year. 



In regard to the mode of management, it is advifed that 

 choice (hould be made of cuttings after a warm dry feafon, 

 when the vifood ripen.s well ; each cutting having two inches 

 of the old wood, with one eye of the new. When the vines 

 are pruned there is great choice ; they (hould therefore be 

 then felefted of a middling fize, the wood round and per- 

 feftly ripened. 



After this, pots are to be filled with rich light mould, 

 that has been well mehorated and prepared fome time be- 

 fore. The cuttings being then prepared for planting, by 

 the bottom part being cut perfeftly fmooth ; if any of the 

 old dead fnags remain, they (liould be cut off clofe to the 

 quick wood, and the top cut (loping towards the back of 

 the hot-houfe or frame, when placed in them. Mr. Forfyth 

 recommends planting only one cutting in each pot, which 

 as to the fize (hould be a deep forty-eight ; by that means 

 he thinks the plants will grow much ftronger and quicker 

 than when many are crowded together, and the fun and air 

 will have a freer admiffion to ripen the wood ; for, when many 

 are plants d in one pot, they (hade one another, and in a con- 

 fiderable degree prevent the fun and air from paffmg freely 

 among them. When the plants begin to get ftrong, and 

 the pots full of roots, it will be nece(fary to (hift them from 

 the forty -eights to thirty-twos. This method is, he contends, 

 9 



beft adapted for private gardens ; but for nurferymeii, &c. 

 who raife plants for fale, and cannot conveniently fpare fo 

 much room, it may be neceffary to plant three or more cut- 

 tings in each pot. 



And in thefe cafes, the fame rules for watering, tranfplant- 

 ing, (hifting, &c. are to be attended to as was direfted for 

 the feedling plants. 



The fame writer remarks, that it is a method very fre- 

 quently praftifed by nurferymen and gardeners, when they 

 wi(h to have their plants fit for fale the fame year, to plant 

 them in pots, and place them in the hot-houfe among the 

 tan, on the flues, or round the curbs of the pit. And he 

 has feen it employed with great fuccefs. In this way they 

 may, it is afferted, be raifed either by planting them fingly 

 in fmall pots, or feveral in a pot, according to its fize, 

 planting them out feparately when they have taken root, 

 having a hot-bed ready to plunge the pots in as foon as they 

 are tranfplanted. In this manner they become much for- 

 warded m their growth, and are before the autumn in a ftate 

 fit for fale. 



In raifing vines in the layer manner, the method ufually 

 made ufe of is by ftools, in the open quarters of the gar- 

 den, in the fame manner as nurferymen propagate foreft. 

 trees and (hrubs : but the beft way, according to Forfyth, 

 is to take layers from thefe on walls or palings, training the 

 (hoots at full length during the fummer ; when about the 

 month of February fome of the fineft and ftrongeft (hoots 

 fhould be chofen, laying them acrofs the foot-path into 

 pots (twenty-fours or fixteens) filled with fre(h mould, and 

 plunging them in the ground about two inches below the 

 furface ; at the fame time making an incifion or two in the 

 old wood, or giving it a twift juil below a joint ; and 

 though they will generally take without notching or twift - 

 ing, it is neverthelefs advifed, as the lureft way, to have tlftt 

 done. The layers (hould then be cut, leaving two or three 

 ftrong eyes upon each. And when the (hoots begin to run, 

 they (hould be tied to long ftakes, to prevent their being 

 broken by the wind ; all the runners and fide-fhoots being 

 picked off, leaving only two or three fine ftrong (hoots on 

 each plant, which fliould be trained at full length during the 

 fummer feafon. 



As foon as the (hoots are laid down, it will be neceffary 

 to mulch them with good rotten dung, or rotten leave?, 

 which will keep the mould moift : and in very dry fum- 

 mers, a good watering fhould be given once or twice a week : 

 this will wa(h in the dung or leaves about the roots, and 

 induce the layers to (hoot with more vigour. The above 

 writer thinks that in this method of laying, two or three 

 rows of layers may be had from one wall : taking care to 

 lay the branches alternately, and to keep the pots plunged 

 about two inches below the level of the ground. 



The fame writer advifes in choofing vines from the nur- 

 fery, to felecl thofe which have the ftrongeft and longeft 

 (hoots. And he obferves, that where the above direftions 

 are properly attended to, the plants will be well rooted in 

 the pots before autumn, and fit for planting in vineries, 

 hot-lioufes, or other fituations. And when they are to be 

 planted out, they (hould, he thinks, be carefully cut off from 

 the mother vine, and carried in the pots to where they are 

 intended to be planted ; taking care to prelerve the balls as 

 much as poffible when they are turned out of them. 



It is alfo added, that if the feafon be warm and fine, the 

 grapes of the early kinds ripen very well on tliefe layers 

 before they are taken up ; and, if properly managed, they 

 will bear fome fruit the firft year after planting. One of 

 the ftrongeft ftioots muft be left nearly at full length, cutting 

 it as high as the uppermoft full bud, leaving nothing but 



round 



