V I V 



V 1 V 



molt pompous publication of motets which we have feen. 

 The parts are printed fcparate on the oppofite pages, and 

 without bars, in fuch large charaAers, that the performers 

 of the feveral parts might fing out of the fame choral book. 

 The following ie the Latin title of this work : " Thomse Lu- 

 dovici Vifloria Abulenfis Motefta Feftorum totius Anni, 

 cum Communi Sanftorum, a 4, 5, 6, 8 Vocibus." Roma, 



1585- 



ViTTORiA, in Geography, a town of Spain, in the pro- 

 vince of Alava. This town was built by Don Sancho, king 

 of Navarre, in memory of a viftory obtained over the Moors 

 on the fpot. It contains five parifhes, four convents, three 

 hofpitals, and a college. The inhabitants carry on a con- 

 fiderable traffic in wool and wine ; but the principal article 

 of commerce is in fword-blades, of which they manufacture 

 a great number ; 42 miles S.S.W. of St. Sebaftian. N. lat. 

 42^47'. W.long. 2°4i'. 



ViTTORiA, La, a town of Sicily, in the valley of Noto ; 

 20 miles N.W. of Modica. N. lat. 36° 55'. E. long. 

 14° 38'. 



VITTORIOSA, or Cilia Villoriofa, or // Borgo, a 

 fortified town of the ifland of Malta, fituated on a narrow 

 neck of land, to the left of Valetta ; on each fide a broad 

 natural canal runs up into the land, and furrounding the 

 town, forms a fine harbour. This canal is on one fide called 

 Porto della Renella, and on the other Porto delle GaUre. 

 The ftrong caftle of St. Angelo (lands on a high rock, and 

 has a communication with the town by a bridge. The num- 

 ber of inhabitants amounts to 3000 ; formerly the grand 

 mafter refided here. The palace of the inquifition and the 

 arfenal are reckoned among the principal buildings of this 

 place. 



VITULI Aquatici, mtheHiJory ofInfeas,2.x\zrat given 

 by the German writers to the worms refembhng animated 

 horfe-hairs. See Amphisb-«na Aquatica. 

 VITULUS, Calf, in Zoology. See Calf. 

 ViTULUS Marinus, the Sea-calf. See SBA-Calf. 

 VITUS's Dance, St., in Medicine. See Chorea. 

 VIU, in Geography, a town of France, in the department 

 of the Po, on the Stura ; 14 miles N.W. of Turin. 



VIVA, or VlUA, in Ancient Geography, a town of Africa 

 Propria, on the route from Carthage to Sufetula, between 

 Carthage and Pulput. Anton. Itin. 



Viva Pecunia was anciently ufed for live cattle. 

 Viva Voce, q.d. by word of mouth. See Oral. 

 VIVACE, Ital. in Mufic, implies lively, gay, animated ; 

 not rapid, but an execution free and firm. See Vif. 



VIVACITY of Style, in Oratory, a charaAer of ftyle, 

 depending on the choice of words, their number, and their 

 arrangement. 



This quality of ftyle is adapted to pleafe the imagination, 

 and confequently to awaken and fix the attention. With 

 regard to words, they may be confidered in three points of 

 view ; as proper terms, or rhetorical tropes, or as to the rela- 

 tion which the found may be made to bear to the fenfe. The 

 chief importance and ufe of proper terms in their reference 

 to the end propofed is their " fpeciality," or their being 

 as particular and determinate in their fignification as will 

 fuit the nature and fcope of the difcourfe. To this purpofe 

 it is obferved, that in compofition, particularly of the de- 

 fcriptive kind, it invariably fucceeds bell for brightening the 

 image, to advance from general expreffions to more fpecial, 

 and thence again to more particular. This, in the language 

 of philofophy, is called defcending ; but in the language of 

 oratory, it is afcending. With regard to the ufe of tropes, 

 we refer to that article. Words may farther be confidered 

 with regard to their found, and the affinity to the fubjeA 



of which the found is fufceptible. When, as Pope exprefles 

 it, " found is made an echo to the fenfe," there is added, in 

 a certain degree, to the aflbciation arifing from cuftom, the 

 influence of refemblance between the figns and the tilings 

 fignified ; and this, without doubt, tends to ftrengthen the 

 imprefiion made by the difcourfe. In this conneftion it is 

 natural to enquire, what kinds of things language is capable 

 of imitating by its found, and in what degree ? In reply 

 we may obferve, that the imitative power of language muft 

 be greateft, when the fubjefts themfelves are things audible. 

 When the fubjeft is articulate found, the fpeaker or the 

 writer may do more than produce a refemblance ; for he 

 may even render the expreffion an example of that which he 

 affirms. Thus Pope affords an inftance. 



" Thefe equal fyllables alone require. 

 The' oft thf irar th^ open vowels tire ; 

 While expletives their feeble aid </o join. 

 And ten low words oft creep in one dull line." 



As to founds inarticulate, the fame author has tolerably 

 fucceeded in imitating them. 



" Soft is the ftrain when Zephyr gently blows. 



And the fmooth ftream in fmoother numbers flows ; 



But when loud furges lafh the founding fhore. 



The hoarfe rough verfe fhould like the torrent roar." 



The fame conformity of the found to the fenfe is too dif- 

 cernible in the following lines. 



" O'er all the dreary coafts ! 



Dreadful gleams, 

 Difmal fcreams. 

 Fires that glow. 

 Shrieks of woe, 

 Sullen moans, 

 Hollow groans, 

 And cries of injur'd ghofls." 



Nor can we here overlook Milton's defcription of the 

 opening of hell-gates ;— 



" . On a fudden open fly. 



With impetuous recoil and jarring found, 

 Th' infernal doors, and on their mnges grate 

 Harfli thunder—" 



The following is alfo an excellent fpecimen from the fame 

 author's " Lycidas:" — 



*' Grate on their fcrannel pipes of wretched ftraw." 



Dyer has alfo made an excellent attempt in the fame way> 

 in his " Ruins of Rome :" 



The pilgrim oft 



At dead of night mid his oraifon hears 

 Aghaft the voice of time, difparting towers, 

 Tumbling all precipitate down-dafh'd, 

 Ratthng around, loud thundering to the moon." 



But the following lines of Pope furnifli the befl example 

 of this kind : 



" What ! like fir Richard, rumbling, rough and fierce. 

 With arms, and George, and Brunfwick crowd the verfe, 

 Rend with tremendous founds your ears afunder. 

 With gun, drum, trumpet, blunderbufs, and thunder I 

 Then all your Mufe's fofter art difplay. 

 Let Carohna fmoothe the tuneful lay, 

 Lull with Amelia's hquid name the nine. 

 And fweetly flow through all the royal line." 



There are other fubjeds befide found, to which language 



is 



