U L A 



44 miles N. of Serdopol. — Alfo, a river of Ruffia, which 

 runs into laice Ladoga ; 40 miles N.W. of Olonetz. 



ULA, in Surgery, a gumboil, or a fmall abfcefs of the 

 gums. 



VLACQ, Adrian, in Biography, a Flemilh mathema- 

 tician of Ghent, commenced with Napier and Briggs in 

 facihtating, by means of logarithms, the apphcation of tri- 

 gonometry to fcientific and praftical purpofes. The fervice 

 which he rendered to this branch of fcience appears partly 

 under the article Briggs. But bcfides his addition to the 

 work of Briggs, he extended his tables to fines, tangents, 

 and fecants, and their logarithms from 10 to 10 feconds. 

 Thefe new and ample tables were publifhed in 1633, with 

 the logarithms of the natural numbers from unity to 20,000. 



VLADIMIR, in Geography, a town of Ruffia, and ca- 

 pital of a government, at the conflux of the Kliazma and 

 the Nerl ; 100 miles E. of Mofcow. N. lat. 55° 50'. E. 

 long. 40" 22'. 



Vladimir, Order of St., or as it is exprefled in the pa- 

 tents, of the prince equal to an apoftle Vladimir, a Ruffian 

 order of knighthood, founded by the emprefs Catharine II. 

 on the 22d of September 1782, being her 20th coronation 

 day, for men of merit in the civil or military ftations. It 

 has four clafTes, of which the fenior knight receives a pcn- 

 fion, in the firll clafs 600, and in the fourth 100 rubles. 

 Any perfon who has fcrved faithfully for 35 years may 

 apply for this order ; it is worn to a ribband, red in the 

 middle, and on each fide a black ftripe : the knights of the 

 two firft clades, as in the other high orders, wear a ftar on " 

 the bread. The ftar is of eight points, interchangeably of 

 gold and filvcr, having a red area, bearing a crofs, with the 

 Ruffian letters C. P. K. B. " Svsetago Revnoapoftelnago 

 Knsefa Vladimira," i. e. the holy apollle-like prince Vladi- 

 mir. Round the badge are the words " Polfa, Tfcheft i 

 Slava," utility, honour and fame, with a ribband of two 

 black and one red ftripes. The chapter of this order is 

 held in the church of St. Stephen. In 1790 the number of 

 knights was 7 1 6. 



VLADiMIRSKOE, in Geography, a government of 

 Ruffia, bounded on the N. by the governments of Jaroflavl 

 and Koftrom, on the E. by the government of Nizegorod, 

 on the S. by the governments of Tambov and Riazan, on 

 the W. by Mofkovdiaia, and on the N.W. by Tver(l<oe ; 

 about 160 miles from E. to W. and 80 from N. to S. N. 

 lat. 55^ 20' to 57'^ 10'. E. long. 38° to 43'^ 



ULADISLAUS I., furnamed Herman, in Biography, 

 king of Poland, fuccecded his brother Boleflaus in the year 

 1082. As Boleflaus had been excommunicated by pope 

 Gregory VII., and the kingdom laid under an iiiterdift, the 

 pope would allow Uladiflaus no other title than that of 

 duke. The defeftion of Ruffia, Pruffia, Pomerania, and 

 other provinces at the commenc(-ment of this reign, obliged 

 Uladiflaus to have recourfe to arms ; and he fucceeded at 

 length in fubduing the Pomeranians. Soon afterwards, he 

 was involved in a civil war by the rebellion of his fons ; 

 but the archbllhop of Gnefna efFeftcd a rcconciKation, and 

 prince Boleflaus defeated the Prnffians arid Pomeranians who 

 had taken a part againft the king during the civil contefts. 

 In 1 103 Uladiflaus died, at the age of fifty-nine, with the 

 charaftcr of a pious and mild fovereign, too much under 

 the dominion of paralites and favourites. Mod. Un. Hiih 

 Moreri. 



Ul.ADiSLAlis II., king of Poland, fon of Boleflaus III. 

 fucceeded his father in 1 139. Being under the influence of 

 his queen Chriilina, fider of the emperor Henry V., (he 

 engaged him in a plan for gaining entire polFcffion of Po- 

 land, part of it having been diftributed among his brothers 



ULA 



ui fc-parate duchies by the teftament of their father. He 

 convened the ftates, but notxvithflanding his eloquent ha- 

 rangue, they rcfufed concurring in his project. At length 

 Uladiflaus took up arms and attacked his brothers ; he ex- 

 pelled two of them from their dominions; but uniting to- 

 gether, they fell fuddenly on the royal armv and totally 

 defeated it. The king, defertcd by the Rufllans who had 

 engaged to affill him, retired into Germany to the emperor 

 Conrad. At length he was folemnly depofed by the diet, 

 after an inglorious reign of fcven years, and fucceeded by 

 his brother Boleflaus. Uladiflaus, in confequence of the in- 

 terceffion of the emperor Frederic BarbarofTa, obtained Si- 

 lefia, which was thus feparated from the crown of Poland, 

 and has never been re-annexed to it. Uladiflaus died in 

 1 159. Mod. Un. Hifl. Moreri. 



Uladislaus III., king of Poland, furnamed from his 

 fmall flature Loketah, or cubit's length, having expelled 

 Premiflaus II. in 1296, obtained pofTeffion of the kingdom. 

 But the people were fo opprefi'ed by his tyranny and the 

 hcentioufnefs of his foldiers, that the Hates depofed him in 

 1300, and elefted Wenceflaus, king of Bohemia, to fupply 

 his place. He retired firft to Hungary, then to Rome ; 

 but hearing of the difcontents that prevailed in Poland, he 

 put himfelf at the head of a confiderable army : and whilif 

 he was making conqueils, Wenceflaus died, ai'id he was re- 

 ftored to the throne in 1305 ; with powers limited and 

 reftrained. The Teutonic knights having taken pofTeffion 

 of a great part of Pomerania, he commenced a war with 

 them, which, after alternate defeats and victories, termi- 

 nated in his recovery of the territories which they had 

 ufurped ; Uladiflaus, during the progrefs of the conteJl, 

 having difplayed great military talents, combined with hu- 

 manity and generofity. He then direfted his .attention to 

 the arts of peace, and having in the courfe of fifteen years 

 eftablifhed liis reputation, lie indulged himfelf and his queen 

 in a magnificent coronation, with the full confent of the 

 ftates and of the fee of Rome. Soon afterwards he fell 

 into a chronic difeafe, which clofed his life in 1333, the 

 ftates having previoufly promifed to cleft his fon Catimir as 

 his fuccefior. Mod. Un. Hifl. Moreri. 



Uladisi.ai'.s IV., king of Poland, obtained the crown 

 by the intcreft of his wife, Hedwiga, daughter of king 

 Lewis, to whom the ftates had ofl"ered the crown on the 

 death of Ikt fatlicr, provided tliat (he married with the con- 

 fent of her fubjefts, and that her huftiand would refide in 

 the kingdom, .lagello, duke of Lithuania, was the fuitor 

 of the princefs, who confented to embrace the Chriftian 

 religion, to oblige his fubjefts to be baptized, and to annex 

 Lithuania infeparably to Poland, and to reconquer Pome- 

 rania and the territories ufurped by the Teutonic order. 

 The Poles approved liis liberal offers, and interpofed to gain 

 the confent of Hedwiga, who was attached to William of 

 Auftria. At lengtli Jagello's perfon and vivacity, together 

 with the urgent perfuafion of the people, overcame her re- 

 Inftance, and fhe gave her hand to him in 13S6, when he 

 was baptized by the name of Uladiflaus and elevated to the 

 throne. By tiiis alliance, not only Lithuania, but the duchies 

 of Sainogitia and Black Ruffia, were annexed to the Polifh 

 crown. The Teutonic knights became ii;dignant, and re- 

 volted ; and having recourfe to arms, took feveral fortrefTes 

 before the king was aware of their deligns. However, he 

 foon expelled them, and reduced the palatine of Bofnia, 

 who had revolted, to fubmiflion. He then undertook the 

 cnnverfion of the Lithuanians, who were grofs idolaters. 

 With this view he cut down their facred forells, cxtinguifhcd 

 their fires, demolifticd their temples, eftablifhed a body of 

 Chriftian clergy, and crcfted an archbilhopnc at its capital, 



Wilna. 



