DLL 



U L M 



ULLERSDORF, a town of Silefia, in the principality 

 of Neiffe ; 22 miles N.N.E. of Otmuchau. 



ULLERUD, a town of Sweden, in the province of 

 Warmeland ; 1 2 miles N. of Carlftadt. 



ULLESWATER, a lake of England, fituated partly 

 in the county of Weftmoreland, and partly in Cumberland, 

 whofe waters run into the Eden, by the river Einiot, 3 miles 

 S. of Penrith. 



ULLO, a fmall ifland in the North fea, near the coaft of 

 Lapland. N. lat. 69° 32'. 



ULLOA, AjJTONio Di, in Biography, a celebrated naval 

 officer of Spain, was born at Seville in the year 1716, and 

 fo diftinguifhed by talents and knowledge, that at the age of 

 eighteen years he was appointed to accompany his friend 

 Don George Juan to South America, to co-operate with the 

 academicians Condamine, Bouguer, and Godin, in mealuring 

 a degreeof the meridian. On tl<e 26th of May, 1735, he failed 

 for Peru, and remained at Quito till the mcafurement was 

 completed on the 12 th of May, 1744. On his return home 

 in a French {hip he was captured, in Auguft 1745, by two 

 Englifh men of war, and from Louifburg, in the ifland of 

 Cape Breton, whither he was carried, he proceeded to Lon- 

 don, where he was kindly received, particularly by Martm 

 Folkes, efq. prefident of the Royal Society, of which he was 

 admitted a member in December 1 746. After his arrival 

 in Spain, he and his friend Don Juan publiihed an account 

 of the voyage to America, in five fmall folio volumes, en- 

 titled " Relacion hiftorica del Viage de Orden de S. Mag. 

 para medir algunos Grados de Meridiano," Mad. 1748. 

 Tranflations of this work were printed, one in German, at 

 Leipfic, and one in Englifh, at London, in 2 vols. 8vo. 1758. 

 Another in French, entitled '' Voyage hiftorique de I'Ame- 

 rique Meridionale," Amft. 1757, 2 vols. 410. is con- 

 fidered as the moft complete, as the author approved the 

 imdertaking. His next objeft was to collect information 

 with regard to the ftate of the arts and fciences, &c. in 

 various parts of Europe, and with this view he made a tour, 

 under the appointment of Ferdinand VL through England, 

 France, Holland, and various diftrifts of Germany ; and 

 the refult of this tour was that many young Spaniards were 

 fent at the public expence to France, Holland, Geneva, and 

 Italy, to acquire a knowledge of medicine, furgcry, engrav- 

 ing, watch-making, and various other arts in which the Spa- 

 niards were at that time very deficient. Ulloa was alfo aftive 

 in promoting the royal woollen manufadlories, and in organiz- 

 ing the colleges of hiftory and furgery ; he alfo fuperintended 

 and completed the canals and bafons both at Carthagena and 

 Fen'ol. The famous quickfilver mines of Almaden were 

 objefts of his peculiar attention, and in 1759 he was deputed 

 to vifit thofe of GuancaveUica in Peru. From this fervice 

 he was removed, in 1766, to the government of Lomfiana, 

 which had been ceded to Spain, but the dillurbances that 

 enfued obliged him very foon to abandon that ftation. In 

 1776 he commanded the galleon fleet that failed from Cadiz 

 to Mexico, and having been charged with negleCl in that 

 fervice, he was honourably acquitted by a council of war at 

 Cadiz. His fecond great work, which was a Phyfical and 

 Hillorical Account of the Southern and North-eallern Part 

 of America, and which contained a curious difquifition on the 

 peopling of America, was publiihed at Madrid, 410. in 1 772, 

 under the title of " Entretenimientos Phvficos-Hiftoricos 

 fobre la America Meridional y Septentrional Oriental :" the 

 difquifition is entitled " Sobre el Modo en quel palTaron los 

 primeros Pobladores." This work wastranflatcd into Ger- 

 man by profeflbr Diez, and publiflied at Leipfic in 1 78 1, 

 I782,in 2 vols. 8vo., and was enriched by the valuable addi- 

 tions of profeffor Schneider. Dr. Robertlon eftimated them fo 



highly, that he procured a tranflation of them into Englilh for 

 his own ufe. Another eminent Spaniard related to the fub- 

 jeft of this article, Don Bernard di Ulloa, pubhdied i;i 

 1740 an interefting work, entitled " Reftablecimiento de las 

 Fabricas y Commercio Mai-itimo di Efpagna," which was 

 tranflated into French in 1753, and which contains feveral 

 extrafts from the work of Don Ant. Ulloa. This latter 

 died in the ille de Leon, near Cadiz, on the 5th of July, 

 1795. The Tranfaftions of the Royal Society contain fe- 

 veral papers which he communicated to the Society. He 

 was a knight and commander of the order of St. Jago, heu- 

 tenant-general of the royal navv of Spain, and dircftor- 

 general of the Spanifh marine. Gen. Biog. 



ULM, in Geography, an imperial city of Germany, in 

 the circle of Swabia, fituated on the Danube. This city is 

 well fortified ; the magiftracy and principal part of the in- 

 habitants are Lutherans. The cathedral is one of the 

 largeft, and with reipeft to its Gothic tower, is efteemed one 

 of the loftieft in Germany. N. lat. 48^ 24'. E. long. 



9° 59'- 



ULMA, a town of Portugal, in Ettremadura ; 1 1 miles 

 E. of Santarem. 



ULMARIA, in Botany, fo called, as Cafpar Bauhin 

 and all following writers inform us, from the (hape of the 

 leaves, though we confefs ourfelves unable to difcover any 

 ftriking refemblance therein to any kind of elm. See Spik^a, 

 n. 21. 



ULMEN, or Thai Ulmen, in Geography, a town of 

 France, in the department of the Sarre ; 6 miles W. of 

 Kavfcr's Efch. 



ULMESFELD, a town of Auftria ; 18 miles E. of 

 Steyr. 



ULMI, in ^Indent Geography, a town of Pannonia. 

 Anton. Itin. 



ULMIN, in Chetmjlry, a fubftance obtained from the elm- 

 tree (uimus), firft made known by the celebrated Klaproth, 

 and ranked by Dr. Thomfon, in his " Syllem of Chemif. 

 try," (vol. iv. p. 69. 4th ed. ) as a diftinct vegetable prin- 

 ciple, on account of its pecuhar and extraordinary qualities. 

 This very intelligent chemift obferves, that though in its 

 original ilate it is eafily foluble in water, and wh-oliy infolu- 

 ble in alcohol and ether, it changes, when nitric or oxy- 

 muriatic acid is poured into its folution, into a refinous fub- 

 ftance, no longer foluble in water, but foluble in alcohol : 

 and this fingular alteration is attributed to its union with a 

 fmall portion of oxygen, which it has acquired from thefe 

 acids. It has been the fubjeA of Mr. Smithfon's particular 

 examination, and he has obferved fafts which appear to 

 warrant a different hittory of its phenomena, and opinion of 

 its nature, from that which has been given of them. The 

 ulmin ufed in his experiments had been freed from the frag- 

 ments of bark by folution in water and filtration, and re- 

 covered in a dry ftate by the evaporation of the folution in a 

 water-bath. In lumps, fays this ingenious writer, ulmin 

 appears black, but in thin pieces it is tranfparent, and of a 

 deep red colour. In a dilute ftate, folution of ulmin 

 is yellow ; in a concentrated one, dark red, and not unlike 

 blood. When this folution dries, the ulmin feparates into 

 long narrow ftrips, arranged in rays towards the centre, 

 which curl up, and detach themfelves from the vefTel, and 

 the fluid part feems to draw together and become protu- 

 berant. The folution feebly and flowly reftores the colour 

 of turnfole paper reddened by an acid. 



If dilute nitric acid be poured into a folution of ulmin, a 

 copious precipitate is immediately formed. When the mix- 

 ture is thrown on a filter, the matter fuppofed to be a refin 

 remained on the paper, and a clear yellow liquor pafled 

 1 1 through 



