ULVA. 



ceflively tender, gelatinous, and flippery, as fcarcciy to be 

 gathered entire. The length of each frond is from two to 

 five Inches ; the breadth, as far as the convoluted and en- 

 tangled habit of the plant will allow that matter to be 

 afcertained, is from one to three lines at moft. Roth. 



". U. terrefrh. Thin Ground Laver. Roth Catal. 

 V. i! 211. (U. crifpa; Lightf. 972. Hudf. 661. U. 

 LaftucR r ; Hudf. 567. Tremella terreftris tenera crifpa ; 

 Dill. Mufc. 52. t. ic. f. 12.) — Fronds membranous, very 

 thin, decumbent, clullered, curled and plaited. — Found on 

 the ground, in fliady places, on gravel walks, and fome- 

 times on old thatched roofs, fcarcely attached by any vifible 

 roots. It does not fhrink up to nothing, in dry weather, 

 like a Tremella, though moft vigorous in wet. The fronds 

 lie over each other, and arc of a deep, though ftiining, 

 green. Ho feeds are difcernible. 



8. U. buHofa. Cellular Green Laver. Roth Catal. 

 V. 3'. 329. Engl. Bot. t. 2320. {U. Laftuca^; Hudf. 

 567. Tremella paluftris, vulgari marinas fimilis, fed minor 

 et t'enerior; Dill. Mufc. 44. t. 8. f. 2.)— Frond mem- 

 branous, very tender, dilated upwards, varioufly Cnuated, 

 cellular, bright green. — Found in fhallov? flagiiant ditches 

 of frefti water, in Germany and England. Dillenius ob- 

 ferved it in meadows behind Newington ; Mr. W. Borrer at 

 Henfield, SulTex, in July. The former remarked that as 

 warm weather came on, the plants floated on the top, 

 turned yellowifh, and became full of air-bubbles, as if in 

 fermentation. In this ftate perhaps the feeds are fcattered. 

 The whole pjant is fmaller than U. LaBuca ; of which it 

 has been thought a variety ; much more flippery and flimy, 

 fo tender as fcarcely to be gathered without breaking. 

 The frond is variable in fhape ; cellular like a cabbage-leaf 

 when full-grown"; appearing beautifully dotted when ex- 

 amined with a microfcope. 



9. U. plicata. Plaited Firm Laver. Fl. Dan. t. 829. 

 Roth Catal. v. i. 208. Uft. Annal. v. i. 5. (Mufcua 

 marinus alter Plinii ; Camer. Epit. 872. Lichen marinus ; 

 Ger. Em. 1566. ' — Fronds green, plaited, laciniated, elon- 

 p-ated ; combined and imbricated at the bafc. — Found at- 

 tached to fubmarine rocks, ilones, and large (hells. This 

 varies in length from one to twelve inches. Dr. Roth dif- 

 tinguifties it from U. Lnduca by its more opaque green 

 colour, and firmer more rigid fubftance. It is alfo more 

 complicated in form, as well as more plaited longitudinally, 

 and jagged at the edges. We have not been able to com- 

 pare thefc two plants, but from the analogy of fome others, 

 fhould fufpeCl them to be merely varieties. 



10. \J. p/antaginea. Plantain-leaved Laver. Roth Catal. 

 v. 2. 243. Engl. Bot. t. 2136. (Tremella marina, ca- 

 lendulje foho atro-virente et verrucofo ; Dill. Mufc. 46. 

 t. 9. f. 4. i — Fronds aggregate, membranous, fimple, ob- 

 long, obtufe, flat, entire, minutely warty, brown ; tapering 

 at the bafe. — Native of the coafts of Italy and England. 

 The fronds fpring from a cartilaginous did-:, and are from 

 three to fix or eight inches high, an inch broad, of a very 

 dull olive-brown, firm, not adhering to paper in drying ; 

 the furface befprinkled with flightly prominent warts ; the 

 bafe of each tapering into a fhort fl:alk. This fpecies is 

 very generally found eroded by marine animals. 



11. U. umbllicaUs. Peltate Laver. Linn. Sp. PL 1633. 

 Hudf. 567. Engl. Bot. t. 2286. (Tremella marina um- 

 bilicata ; Dill. Mufc. 45. t. 8. f. 't,A — Frond rather coria- 

 ceous, purphfli-ohve, orbicular, feffile, peltate, fpreading 

 neaily flat, varioufly lobed. — Frequent on the fea-coaft, 

 growing folitary or difperfed, attached to rocks or ftones 

 by its central root, and often wafliedup on the fandy beach. 

 Its more coriaceous fubftance, and browner, fomewhat 



purphfn, colour, diftinguifh this Ulva from the LaBuca 

 and plicata. The furface is very fmooth, and fliining. 

 Each plant is a fpm or more in diameter, orbicular, va- 

 rioufly cut or lobed, even to the very centre ; the edges and 

 lobes crifped, wavy and jagged, not imbricated ; the in- 

 ternal fubftance finely cellular, appearing dotted. Seeds 

 difperfed in fmall mafles, darker than the frond. Mr. 

 Borrer conceives Roth's U. purpurea, Catal. v. i. 209. 

 t. 6. f. I, which, according to fir Thomas Frankland's 

 fpecimen, is Hudfon's fufca, to be an oblong variety of 

 umbllicaUs. U. laciniala, Lightf. 974. t. 33, may be, as 

 Hudfon fufpefts, another variety. 



12. U. mefntcrifcrmis. Mefenteric Laver. Roth Catal. 

 V. I. 210. — Frond folitary, oblong, broad, plaited, wavy, 

 cellular and rugofe, dark green. — Native of the northern 

 feas of Europe, or of muddy falt-water ditches on tiie coaflis 

 of Oldenburgii and Bremen. Various in fize and fhape, 

 ovate, roundifli or oblong, eighteen inchei or more in 

 length, and iometimes a foot broad, fo much plaited and 

 corrugated that it cannot be laid flat, nor does it adhere to 

 paper. Roth compares this to U. latiftma of Linnseus, 

 wliich we find by the original fpecimen to be only Fucus 

 faccharinus, more cellular than ordinary ; and we are much 



inclined to believe Roth's mefcnteriformis to be no other, the 

 varieties of that Fucu: in fize and configuration, according 

 to its age, being almcit endlefs. 



13. "U.cocclrua. Scarlet Laver. Hudf. 567. — "Flat, 

 roundifli, membranous, finuated, fcarlet." — On fubmarine 

 rocks and fl;ones, near Plymouth and Falmouth. Frond from 

 fix inches to a foot in diameter, wavy, pellucid and fliining. 

 Seeds numerous, fmall, roundilh, dark purple. Hudfon. 

 This may prob.ibly be Fucus pundatus, Engl. Bot. 



t. 1573- 



14. U. furcellata. Rcddifli Forked Laver. Turner in 

 Schrad. Journ. v 3.301. Engl. Bot. t. 188 1. — Frond nearly 

 cyhndrical, gelatinous, repeatedly forked, reddifli ; ultimate 

 fegments flattened, lanceolate, cloven. — Gathered by Mr. 

 Turner, at Sheringham, Norfolk, and by Mifs Biddulph, 

 at Southampton. Fronds fevcral, from three to fix inches 

 high, tender, gelatinous, nearly of equal thicknefs through- 

 out, except the flattened ends. Seeds large, fparingly fcat- 

 tered juft under the cuticle. The colour of the whole is a 

 pale brownifli-red, fomctimes greenifh. 



15. U. ? multifida. Laciniated Brown Laver. Engl. 

 Bot. t. 191 3. — Frond rather cartilaginous, brown, com- 

 prefled, repeatedly branched, fomewhat palmate. Seeds 



irregularly fcattered. Root fmooth Found by Mr. 



Turner, in Auguft 1804, on the beach at Yarmouth, 

 where it is of very rare occurrence. This has much of the 

 hue and general afpcdl of U. atomaria, n. 3, but the root is 

 fmooth ; fubftance of the frond very much firmer and 

 thicker ; feeds not difpofed in concentric lines, but thickly 

 fcattered over the frond in fmall round clufters. By Mr- 

 Sowerby's drawing, they feem, when highly magnified, to 

 be congeries of oblong, H-Aked feed-ve^els, with three or four 



feeds in each, rendciing the plant a Fucus rather than an 

 Ul-va. However fmall, they give a palpable roughnefs to 

 the frond. 



16. U. monlana. Red Mountain Laver. Lightf. 973. 

 Hudf. 652. Engl. Bot. t. 2193. — Frond leathery, dark 

 red, of numerous, afcending, rounded, flattifti, finely granu- 

 lated lobes. — This grows on the ground, amongft grafs and 

 mofs, on the fides of mountains in Skye, Rofslhire, Dum- 

 friesftiire, &c. being called Mountain Dulfe by the high- 

 landers, who make a thin pulpy mixture, by rubbing the 

 plant between their hands, into fome water, with which 

 they purge their calves. It has the fmell of Common 



Dulfe, 



