UNGUENT. 



of two drachms of fuperacetate of lead in powder, two 

 ounces of white wax, and half a pint of olive oil, by melting 

 the wax in feven fluid-ounces of the oil, then adding gra- 

 dually the fuperacetate of lead, feparately rubbed down 

 with the remaining oil, and ftirring with a wooden fpatula, 

 until they be thoroughly incorporated. This is an excel- 

 lent cooling cerate for burns, excoriations, and other in- 

 flamed fores. 



For the compound cerate of lead, fee Ceratum Uthargyri 

 acclati compofitum. This is a mode of applying lead in the 

 form of ointment, long known under the name of " Gou- 

 lard's cerate," and is ufed in the fame cafes as the former 

 cerate. The name, fays Mr. B. T. Thomfon, is very im- 

 proper ; and ought to have been ceraium plumbi acetatis, as 

 the virtue of the compofition altogether depends on the 

 acetate of lead. 



For the mercurial cerate, fee Cebatum mercuriale. 



The refm cerate of the Lond. Ph. is formed by mixing a 

 pound of yellow refm and the fame quantity of yellow wax 

 together by a flow fire, and then adding a pint of olive oil, 

 and ftraining the cerate while it is hot through a linen cloth. 

 See Ceratum rejxmejiavie. 



Cerate of fav'ine of Lond. Ph. is obtained by melting two 

 pounds of prepared lard and half a pound of yellow wax to- 

 gether, and boiling a pound of the frefli leaves of favine, 

 bruifed, in the mixture, and then ftraining through a linen 

 cloth. 



The fimple cerate of the Edinb. Ph. is prepared of fix 

 parts of ohve oil, three parts of white wax, and one part of 

 fpermaceti. 



For the foap cerate, fee Ceratum /a/on/j. The efficacy 

 of this cerate depends on the acetate of lead, which is 

 formed in the firft ftage of the procefs ; the foap anfwering 

 fcarcely any other purpofe than that of giving confiftence 

 and adhefivenefs. It is occafionally ufed as a cooling 

 drefling. 



For cerate of fpermaceti, fee Ceratvm fpermalis ceti. This 

 and the fimple cerate are foft cooling dreffings. 



Liniments are, in general, more aftive remedies than ce- 

 rates or ointments ; and aft as local ftimulants, relieving 

 deep-fcated inflammations and pains. For an account of the 

 hniments of the Lond. Ph., fee Liniment. See alfo 

 OxYMEL aruginis. 



The ammoniated oil, commonly called volatile liniment of 

 Edmb. Ph., is prepared by mixing two ounces of olive oil 

 vnth two drachms of water of ammonia. 



The liniment of ammonia of the Dub. Ph. is obtained by 

 mixing two fluid-drachms of cauftic water of ammonia with 

 two fluid-ounces of olive oil. 



The liniment of lime-ivaier, or oleum lini cum calce, Edinb. 

 is prepared by mixing equal parts of linieed-oil and lime- 

 water. 



Liniment of lime of Dub. Ph. is formed by mixing lime- 

 water and olive oil, of each three fluid-ounces. Thefe are 

 folutions of earthy foap, refulting from the chemical union 

 of the lime and oil ; and being devoid of acrimony, they 

 are beneficially applied to burns and fcalds. As the^ foapy 

 matter feparales from the water when it is kept for fome 

 time, it is always bcft to prepare this mixture when it is 

 wanted. 



The camphorated oil of the Edinb. Ph. is obtained by mix- 

 ing two ounces of ohve oil and half an ounce of camphor, 

 fo as to diflblve the camphor. 



The camphorated oil of the Dub. Ph. is had by rubbing 

 together half an ounce of camphor with two fluid-ounces of 

 oHve oil. (^ee LiNlMENTUM fawi/iW^. ) Thefe folutions 

 of camphor in fixed oil are very ufeful embrocations to glan- 



dular fwellings, fprains, bruifes, and to joints affefted with 

 rheumatic pains. The late Mr. Ware recommended it with 

 the addition of half an ounce of the folution of fubcarbonate 

 of potafs, to be applied to the eye-bds night and morning, 

 in incipient amaurofis. The compound hniment of cam- 

 phor is an ufeful ftimulant application to fprains, bruifes, and 

 rheumatic pains. It is alfo an excellent vehicle for intro- 

 ducing opium into the habit by means of friftion. An em- 

 brobation compofcd of fjjfs of this liniment, and f 3fs of 

 tinfture, warmed and rubbed over the furface of the abdo- 

 men, very quickly allays the pains of flatulent colic. 



The liniment of foap, or tinfture of foap of the Edinb. 

 Ph., is prepared by digefting four ounces of foap fliccd in 

 two pounds of alcohol for three days, then adding two 

 ounces of camphor, and half an ounce of volatile oil of 

 rofemary, frequently fliaking the mixture. 



Tlie anodyne liniment, or tinfture of foap and opium, is 

 made in the fame manner, and of the fame ingredients as the 

 other tinfture of foap, only adding, at the beginning of the 

 procefs, an ounce of opium. 



The principal unguents, or ointments, are enumerated in 

 the fequel of this article. Pomatums are alfo ranked in the 

 number of unguents. See Pomatl'M. 



In the Edinburgh Pharmacopeia we have the following 

 general rule for the preparation of unguents, applicable alfo 

 to cerates : let the fatty matters and the refin be melted by a 

 gentle heat, and then conftantly ftirred, fprinkhng in the dry 

 ingredients, if there be any, reduced to very fine powder, 

 until the mixture, by cooling, becomes firm. 



Unguentum acidi nitrofi, ointment of nitrous acid, Edinb. 

 Ph., is obtained by mixing fix drachms of nitrous acid gra- 

 dually with one pound of melted hog's-lard, and beating the 

 mixture afliduoufly as it cools. The Dub. College direfts 

 a pound of olive oil to be melted in a glafs veflel, and an 

 ounce by weight of nitrous acid to be added to it ; then 

 to expofe them to a medium heat in a water-bath for a 

 quarter of an hour ; then to remove them from the bath, 

 and to ftir them conftantly with a glafs rod until they become 

 firm. This ointment is faid to have been invented by Alyon, 

 who found it ufeful in fyphilitic and herpetic ulcers. It has 

 been occafionally ufed in this country for the fame purpofes ; 

 but it is lefs effeftual than the ointment of nitrate of 

 mercury. 



U. album. See U. oxidi plumbi albi, infra. 



U. ex arugine. See Verdegrease. 



The ointment of fubacetate of copper, formerly ointment of 

 verdigris, Edinb. is compounded of fifteen parts of refinous 

 ointment, and one part of fubacetate of copper. The U. 

 leruginis, or ointment of verdigris of Dub. Ph., is formed by 

 making one pound of ointment of white wax and half an 

 ounce of prepared verdigris into an ointment. Thefe oint- 

 ments are efcharotic and detergent ; they are occafionally 

 ufed as dreffings to foul, flabby ulcers, and as an apphca- 

 tion to fcrophulous ulcerations of the tarfi. In the undi- 

 luted ftate they can fcarcely be ufed, unlefs to aft as a cauf- 

 tic for taking down fungous flefti. 



U. arciti. See Elemi and Linimen'TUM arciti. 



U. bajtlicum viride, a form of medicine prefcribed in the 

 late London Pharmacopeia, and ordered to be made thus : 

 Take of yellow bafihcon, eight ounces ; oil of olives, three 

 ounces ; verdigris, in fine powder, one ounce ; mix the 

 whole into an ointment. 



U. bafiiicum flavum, or yellow bafilicon ointment, may be 

 made by melting yellow wax, white refin, and frankincenfe, 

 of each a quarter of a pound, over a gentle fire ; and then 

 adding of hog's-lard prepared, one pound ; ftrain the oint- 

 ment while warm. This is employed for cleanfing and heal- 



Mng 



