U N G 



dry, bccaufe by irjing their acrimony is impaired. When 

 good, the colour of the ointment is a beautiful deep green, 

 and its odour is that of the frefh bruifed herb. It fhould 

 be kept in clofcly covered pots, as it will foon lofe its virtue 

 by expofure to the air. Savine ointment, which is faid by 

 Mr. Thomfoii to have been firft d^cribed by Mr. Crow- 

 ther in his " Obfervations on White Swcllinfr," ferves 

 for keep-ng up a purulent difcharge from a bliltered fur- 

 face ; and this it does as effectually and with much lefs ir- 

 ritation than the ointment of bliftering flies. 



U. fambuci, elder ointment of Load. Ph., is formed by 

 boiling two po\inds of elder flowers in two pounds of pre- 

 pared lard, until they become crifp, then ftraining the oint- 

 ment through a linen cloth. The Dublin College direfts 

 three pounds of frefli elder flowers, four pounds of prepared 

 hog's-lard, and two pounds of mutton fuet, in the manner 

 prefcribed for the favine ointment. 



Thefe oinlmjnts are fimply emollient, and poflefs no ad- 

 vantages fuperior to thofe of the fimple ointment. 



U. Jatununum. See Compound cerate oj l:ad, fupra. 



U. Jtmplex, fimple ointment of Edin. Ph., is formed of 

 five parts of olive oil and two parts of white wax. This is 

 an ufeful emollient ointment for foftening the flcin. 



U. Jimplex is alfo a name given to llie compofition com- 

 monly called pomatum ; wliich fee. 



U. fubacetilis cupri, ollm, U. dru^inis of the Edinb. 

 Ph., is formed of fifteen parts of refinous ointment, and one 

 part of fubacetate of copper. See Verdegrease and 



LiVIMEXT. 



U. fulphuris, fulphur ointment of the Lond. Ph., is 

 obtained by mixing three ounces of fublimed fulphur, with 

 half a pound of prepared lard. The Edinb. Ph. direds to 

 take of hog's-lard four parts, and one part of fublimed ful- 

 phur ; and to add to each pound of the ointment, of volatile 

 oil of lemon or volatile oil of lavender, half a drachm. The 

 Dub. College orders four pounds of prepared I")g's-lard, 

 and a pound of fublimed fulphur, to be formed into an 

 ointment. 



Thefe ointments are fpecific in itch. They fhould be 

 rubbed on the body every night until the difeafc be cured ; 

 but not more than one-fourth of the body fhould be rubbed 

 with it at a time. 



U. fulphuris compojitum, compound ointment of fulphur 

 of the Lond. Ph., is a compofition of fublimed fulphur, half 

 a pound ; white hellebore root in powder, two ounces ; nitrate 

 of potafs, a drachm ; foft foap, half a pound ; and prepared 

 lard, a pound atid a half; wliich ingredients are to be mixed. 

 This ointment is employed like tlie limple one, and in the fame 

 cafes ; it is fuppofed to derive additional efficacy from the 

 •white hellebore ; but it often excites too much irritation. 



U. Irlpharmiicum, is prepared by boiling and flirring 

 over a gentle fire four ounces of the common plafter, with 

 one of vinegar, and two of oil, where a thick unguent is re- 

 quired ; or four of oil, for a fofter hniment. 



U. verairi, ointment of white hellebore of Lond. Ph., is 

 obtained by mixing two ounces of white hellebore root 

 powdered, eight ounces of prepared lard, and twenty 

 minims of oil of lemon. 



U. heUebori all'/i, ointment of while hellebore of Dub. 

 Ph., is compounded of a pound of prepared lard, and three 

 Ounces of white hellebore root in powder, which are made 

 into an ointment. 



Thefe ointments are fometimes ufed for the cure of pfnra, 

 when there is an objeftion to the fmell of the fulphur ; but 

 as remedies, they are lefs certain. 



U. ivficatorlum, bliftering ointment. See the appropriate 

 Articles, fupra. 



U N G 



U. viride, the green ointment, a form of medicine pre- 

 fcribed in the late Lond. Ph., and ordered to be made by 

 melting ten ounces of yellow wax in three pounds of the 

 oleum viride, or green oil of the fame Pharmacopeia. 



U. zinei, zinc ointment of the Lond. Ph., is formed by 

 mixing an ounce of oxyd of zinc, with fix ounces of pre- 

 pared lard. See Zinc. Thomfon's Difpenfatory. 



UNGUICULI, in Botany, is ufed for the ends of the 

 petals of rofes, or other flowers, where they adhere to the 

 plant. 



UNGUIN, a name given by the people of Guinea to a 

 plant, of which tliey are very fond, on account of its 

 medicinal virtues : they boil it in water, and give the decoc- 

 tion in large draughts for pains in the back. The leaves of 

 this plant grow alternately on pedicles of an inch long, and 

 have the exaft fliape and iize of thofe of the common bav- 

 tree ; but they have neither its tafle nor fmell, nor any thing 

 approaching to either. Phil. Tranf. N°232. 



U.VGlUN, or Ungar, in Geography, a fmall ifland near the 

 W. coaft of Alaflika, in the North Pacific ocean ; about 20 

 miles long, rifing in the interior into lofty mountains, but 

 near the fea more level, and covered with brufliwood, 

 producing no vegetable food, except berries, and a root from 

 which th.- RufTians make the liquor called quals. The ifland 

 abounds with deer. The fettlemeiit confilts of one Ruflian 

 and about thirty Indian families, which latter occupied huts 

 confh u<5lcd of mud, in the form of bee-hives, with a hole at 

 the top inftead of a door. They have no fire-places, but 

 warm themfelves by means of lamps made out of flat hollow 

 ftones, with rufh wicks, which they placed under their 

 frocks. This ifland is feparated from the main land by a 

 ftrait nearly ten miles wide at high water. 



UNGUIS, a Latin term, fignifying a nail of the hand or 

 foot. 



U.s'GUl.s, in Botany, the claw, is the elongated bafe of a 

 petal, confpicuous in the Pink, Dianlhus, and in the Wall- 

 flower and Stock, Cheiranthus, being diftinguiflicd by its 

 taper form, and pale colour, from the border, lamina, which 

 it fupports. The claws of petals arc, for the mod part, 

 inclofed in the perianth of the flower, though not 

 invariably. 



Un'gui.s Cati, Cat's-claw, the nameof a fpefies o{ Mimo/a, 

 Linn. Sp. PI. 1499, alluding to its fliarp liooked thorns. 



Unguis Ofa, in Anatomy, a fmall bone on each fide of the 

 head, fituated in the inner corner of the eye. See Cra- 

 nium. 



Unguis, in Surgery, an abfcefs of the cornea, or of the 

 anterior chamber of the eye, fhaped like a nail. 



Unguis, in Natural Htjlory, a name given by authors to 

 a genus of fhells, more ufually called yb/tn. 



Unguis Odoratus, in the Materia Medica, a thin, flat, 

 teftaceous tub fiance, of an oval or oblong figure, rounded at 

 both ends, and marked on the furface with three or four 

 concentric circles, or oval lines. Its colour is a dufky 

 brown, with fome mixture of the orange, fometimes of a 

 purplifli tinge. Its ufual fi/.e is that of a full grown nail 

 of a man's thumb ; and its thicknefs rather lefs than that of 

 the nail. It is tough, flexile, and elallic ; and has no pecu- 

 liar fmell or talle. 



The want of Imell might fecm to argue this to be a dif- 

 ferent fubdance from the unguis odoratus of llie ancients, 

 but the truth is, that their's owed all its fweet flavour to its 

 being brought over among aromatic drugs. 



There were two kinds of it, the !art;ell of which they 

 had from the Red fea, and the other from Babylon ; and 

 both were the opercula of two fpecies of murcx fliells. 



Diofcorides tells us, that this ungu'u was the operculum 

 II or 



