U N I 



U N I 



nntural tubular pieces of it, which are very common, and 

 alfo the pieces of branches of tj-ces impregnated with it, 

 by tlie common name of unicorn's horn, tvhil^; they allow 

 plain bones, petrified in the common way, no fuch name. 

 So that the word is now become a mere technical term, and 

 fignifies cither this fpar in its pure ftate, or arty fubllance 

 whatever which is impregnated with it. 



It is a lax and fpongy terrene fpar, and is naturally of a 

 regular form, in fome degree like that of the ofleocoUa, 

 being always found, where it has concreted pure, and not 

 been in the way of any extraneous fubftance, an oblong 

 and moderately thick, cylindric, tubular body, frequently 

 narrower at one end than the other, and approaching to a 

 conic form. Ufually its hollow is empty, but fometimes 

 it is found filled up with a fubftance of the fame nature 

 with itfelf, only compofed of a larger proportion of earth 

 with lefs fpar, and therefore more crumbly and foft. Thefe 

 are found of various fizes, from an inch to three feet long. 

 The larger fpecimens are nioft frequent ; and it is very 

 probable, that the ignorance of the firft ages, vi'hich brought 

 it into ufe in medicme, might take thefe natural concretions 

 for unicorns' horns. 



It is found in other parts of the world befides Germany, 

 and is in great efteem in many places as a fudorific and 

 ailringent ; and is given in fevers, attended with diarrhoeas, 

 with great fuccefs. Hill. 



Dr. Ebreiis, in his Natural Hiftory of Hartz Foreft, in 

 Germany, gives a particular account of tkis foffile. He 

 fays that it is dug up of different fhapes ; fometimes like a 

 ftraight horn, ilcull, jaw-bone, (houlder-blade, back-bone, 

 rib, tooth, thigh-bones, or other bones of men and beafts ; 

 and fometimes like an unfhaped lump or mafs of ftoue, 

 having no refcmblance to bone. Conriglus, and Otto 

 Guerick, have maintained that this foflile is petrified bone ; 

 others, as Sennertus, Sclira;der, Baufchius, &c. not being 

 able to comprehend how bones of fuch fize and in fuch 

 quantities fhould be colledled together, and diffatisfied with 

 the account given by naluralifts of the manner of their 

 petrifaftion, reckon it among the minerals. Some think, 

 with Labavius, that it is a bituminous earth ; others fay 

 that it is a kind of agate ; but Dr. Ebrens apprehends, 

 that it is formed of a clayey or fattilh earth, called 

 marga or marie, common in that country, hardened by petri- 

 fying water, and alFuming different fhapes and fizes, accord- 

 ing to the (ituation in which this cartli lies under ground. 

 It is commonly of a light grey, black, or yellowifh colour, 

 and feldom perfeAly white ; fometimes it is as hard as a 

 ftone, and fometimes foft as clay, and hardens by being 

 fxpofcd to the air. It lias commonly neither fmell nor 

 taUe ; though in fome cafes it has been found with a fceiit 

 like that of quinces, which Dr. Ebrens afcribes to a bitu- 

 minous fubftance mixed with the petrifying water. The 

 wliiteft and melloweft is reckoned the bell for medical pur- 

 pofes. It operates, he fays, like the terra figillata, abforb- 

 ing, aftringing, and promoting perfpiration ; and is one of 

 the ingredients ot the bezoaidic powder, defcribed by Ludo- 

 ▼ici in his " Pharmacopoeia Moderno fxculo applicanda," 

 and produces a very good effcft, unlcfs a fymptomatic cof- 

 tivcnefs forbids the ufe of it. Externally It ferves in puf- 

 tulary eruptions and erofions about the pudendum and fun- 

 dament in cliildrcn, and in eye-waters. Hoflman advifcs 

 people to try the foflile unicorn firft upon a dog, before 

 it is ufcd in medicine; bccaufc he thinks it is fometimes 

 of a poifonous nature, but this is never obferved in any 

 foflile of this kind found in or near Hartz Foreft. 



UNICZOW, or Maiuu-ju NiiUSTADT, in Ciography, 

 Vol. XXXVll. 



a tov/n of Moi-ana, in the circle of Olmutz ; 12 miles 

 N.N.W. <.f Olmutz. N. lat. 49° 42'. E. long. 17". 



UNIEGOW, a town of the duchy of Warfaw ; 18 

 miles S.W. of Lenczicz. 



UNIEH, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in Natolia ; 40 

 miles E. of Samfoum. 



UNIEJOW, a town of the duchy of Warfaw ; 15 miles 

 N.N.E. of Siradia. 



UNI ENOW, a town of the duchy of Warfaw ; 20 

 miles E.S.E. of Kalifch. 



UNIFOLIUM, in Botany, Dill. Nov. Gen. 138. t. 7, 

 is fo called, not becaufe it bears a fingle leaf only, which 

 is not the cafe, but becaufe it fprings out of the ground 

 with a folitary leaf, and is fome timt before it acquires more. 

 The plant in queftion is Convallarta HfoUa of Linnseus, 

 whofc flowers are four-cleft, or rather have four petals and 

 four ftamens only. 



UNIFORM, Unifokmis, denotes a thing to be fimilar, 

 or confiftent either with another thing, or with itfelf, in 

 rcfpeft of figure, ftrufturc, proportion, and the like. In 

 which fenfe it ftands oppofed to diffbrm. 



Uniform, in a Military Saife, fignifies the ornamental 

 parts of a foldier's drefs, by which one regiment is diftin- 

 guiftied from another. Sec Regimentals. 



Uniform or Equable Motion. See Motion. 



Uniform Floivers of Plants. See Polypetalous Flatuers. 



Uniform Matter, in Natural Philofophy, that which is all 

 of the fame kind and texture. 



Uniform Temperament. See Temperament. 



UNIFORMITY, Regularity, a fimilitude or refcm- 

 blance between the parts of a whole. Such is that we meet 

 with in figures of many fides, and angles refpeftively equal, 

 and anfwerable to each other. 



A late ingenious author makes beauty to confift in uni- 

 formity, joined or combined with variety. 



Where the uniformity is equal in two objefls, the beauty, 

 he contends, is as the variety ; and where the variety is 

 equal, the beauty is as the uniformity. See Beauty. 



Uniformity is particularly ufed for one and the fame 

 form of public prayers, and adminiftration of facramcnts, 

 and other rites, &c. of the church of England, prefcribed 

 by the famous ftat. i Eliz. and 13 & 14 Car. II. cap. 4. 

 called tha " Aft of Uniformity." See Liturgy. 



Ahhough it is declared in the Aft of Uniformity, " that 

 nothing coiiduceth more to the fettling of the peace of the 

 nation, nor to the honour of our religion, and the propaga- 

 tion thereof, than an univerfal agreement in the public wor- 

 Ihip of God," it has been contended, that ftrift uniformity 

 with regard to points of doftrine and forms of worftiip is 

 not effential to the peace of fociety, and to the honour and 

 prevalence of true religion ; and that fuch an uniformity is 

 inconfiftent witii llie prefcnt ftate of mankind, pofleiring 

 different faculties and talents, and different opportunities 

 and means of inquiry ; and that it is, therefore, altogether 

 unattainable. It has been alfo maintained, that, in the pro- 

 vince of religion, evtry man has a right to cxcrcife his own 

 judgment, and to fatisfy his own conlciencc, under the bell 

 illumination which he is able to obtiin ; and that the civil 

 magiftr.ite, however exalted his rank and cxttnfive his in- 

 fluence in the community over which he prefides, ought not 

 to interfere in controuling this riglit, and obftrufting the 

 cxcrcife of it. It has been alleged, that every attempt to 

 enforce uniformity of rehgious f.aith and worfhip by priva- 

 tions and penalties of a civil and fecular nature, is a mifap- 

 plicatiou of the authority witli which he is tnvcfted, and an 

 extenfion of it beyond its proper province, inconfiftent with 

 3 fi the 



