V O J 



V O I 



Seme tropes likewife, as metaphors, and verbal figures, 

 which fOTifift in the repetition of a fingle word, fhould have 

 a particular emphafis. 



la fentences, regard fhould be had to their length, and 

 the number of their parts, in order to difting\iifh them by 

 proper paufes. The frame and ftrufture of the period 

 ought likewife to be confidered, that the voice may be fo 

 managed, as to give it the moft mufical accent. Unlefs 

 there be fome fpecial reafon for the contrary, it ftiould end 

 louder than it begins. In an antithefis, one contrary muft. 

 be louder than the other ; in a chmax, or gradation, the 

 voice (hould rife with it. 



As to the paffions, it is evident that each of them requires 

 a different voice and aftion. Love and efteem are expreffed 

 in a fmooth and cheerful tone ; but anger and refentment 

 with a rough, harfh, and interrupted voice. Joy raifes and 

 dilates the voice ; as forrow finks and contrafts it. Fear 

 occafions a tremor and helitation of the voice ; and affurance 

 gives it flrength and firmnefs. Admiration elevates the 

 voice, and fhould be expreffed with pomp and magnificence ; 

 the expreffion of it being often accompanied with an ele- 

 vation both of the eyes and hands : on the contrary, con- 

 tempt finks and protrafts the voice. 



All exclamations fhould be violent. When we addrefs 

 inanimate things, the voice fhould be higher than when we 

 addi-efs animated beings ; and appeals to heaven mufl be 

 made in a loftier tone than thofe to men. 



After all, it is impofiible to gain a juft and decent pro- 

 nunciation of voice and geflure, merely from rules, without 

 praftice, and an imitation of the beft examples. Ward's 

 Orat. vol.ii. left. 48. and left. 5c. 



Voice, Part of the, in Mujic. See Part. 



Voice of a Singer, Accidents and Diforders to ivhicb it is 

 lialh: The air received in the lungs, and expelled by com- 

 prefTion of the cheft, paffing through the aperture of the 

 larynx gently clofed, produces a found, which afterwards, by 

 the modulation of the tongue and other parts of the mouth, 

 form the voice of a linger ; and as many things concur in 

 this formation, fuch as the breafl, the diaphragm, the lungs, 

 the wind-pipe, the uvula, or palate,- the tongue, the teeth, 

 and the mucofity which lubricates the feveral parts, all fub- 

 jeft to a number of acute and chronical diforders, which, 

 though it may not be neceffary to fpecify here it feems ex- 

 pedient that vocal performers fhould be apprifed of the ac- 

 cidents to which the voice is liable, to put them on their 

 guard ; and the public, to incline them to pity and tolerate 

 what the utmoft care cannot always avoid. 



Natural defefts in the voice are incurable, fuch as being 

 of a coarfe quahty, huflfy, inflexible, and out of tune. 



VOID, in Geography, a town of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the Meufe ; 10 miles W. of Toul. 



VoJT), in Common Laiv. See Annulling. 



Void Bajlion. See Bastiojf.- 



VoiD Space, in Phyfics. See VACUUM, &C. 



VOIDANCE, Vacancy, in the Canon Latv, a want of 

 an incumbent upon a benefice. See Vacancy, &c. 



This is twofold ; either in law, de jure ; as when one holds 

 feveral benefices that are incompatible ; or defaSo, in deed ; 

 as when the incumbent is dead, or refigns, or is aftually 

 deprived. 



VOIDED, VuiDF., in Heraldry, is underflood of an or- 

 dinary whofe inner or middle part is cut out, leaving 

 nothing but its edges to fhew its form ; fo that the field 

 appears through it. Hence, it is needlefs to exprefs the 

 colour, or metal, of the voided part ; becaufe it muft, of 

 courfe, be that of the field. 



Voided, The Crofs, differs from the crofs Jimlriated, in 



that this latter does not fhew the field through it, as the 

 other does. And the fame obtains in other ordinaries. 



VOIDER, one of the ordinaries, whofe figure is much 

 like that of the fiafque, or flanch ; only that it doth not 

 bend fo much. 



This armoury, they fay, is properly the reward of a gen- 

 tlewoman that has well ferved her prince. It is always 

 borne by pairs. 



Voider, in Agriculture, a term provincially applied, in 

 fome inllances, to a fort of open-work fhallow baflcet 

 or fieve, in which different articles of farm produce are put, 

 in order to be out of the way. 



VOIDING, EvAcuATiNG,in Medicine. (See Evacu- 

 ation. ) In the Philofophical Tranfaftions we have an ac- 

 count of one Matt. Milford, who voided a worm by urine, 

 fuppofed to nave come from the kidneys. 



Dr. Lifler mentions true caterpillars voided by a boy of 

 nine years old. Mr. Jcffop faw hexapods vomited up by a 

 girl. Catharina Geilaria, who died in 1662, in the hofpital 

 of Altenburg, for twenty years voided, they fay, by vomit 

 and flool, toads and hzards. Ephem. German, tom. i. 

 obf. 103. 



In the fame Ephem. is alfo a ftory of a kitten, bred in 

 the ftomach, and vomited up ; and others of whelps, frogs, 

 lacerts aquatics;, and other animals, bred and voided the 

 like way. Bartholine gives us an inftance of a worm 

 bred in the brain, and voided by the nofe of O. W. See 

 Worms. 



VOIGTI A, in Botany, Roth in Roem. and Uft. Mag. fafc. 

 10. 17, ig6. Poiretin Lamarck Dift. v. 8.683 ! ^'^^ Rothia. 



VOIGTSBERG, in Geography, a town and citadel 

 of Saxony, which gives name to a prefefturate in the Vogt- 

 laiid ; I mile N. of Oelnitz. 



VOIR Dire, in La-w. When, upon a trial at law, it 

 is prayed, that a witnefs may be fworn upon a voir dire, the 

 meaning is, that he fhall, upon his oath, fpeak or declare the 

 truth, whether he fliall get or lofe by the matter in con- 

 troverfy. If he be unconcerned, his teflimony is allowed, 

 otherwife not. 



VOIRE, in Geography, a river of France, which runs 

 into the Aube, near Chalette. 



VOIRON, a town of France, in the department of the 

 Ifere ; 10 miles N.W. of Grenoble. 



VOISENON, Claude Henry de Fusee du, in Bio- 

 graphy, a literary perfon of fingular charafter, was born at the 

 chateau of Voifenon, near Melun, in 1708, and educated for 

 the ccclefiaftical profeflion. He commenced his career of 

 advancement by being grand-vicar to the fee of Boulogne ; 

 but having fought a duel, he afterwards contented himfelf 

 with the abbacy of Jard, which was probably a family 

 benefice. He was of a lively, humorous difpofition, and 

 as he knew how to trifle agreeably, he was admitted into 

 fafhionable fociety. As a writer, he pubhfhed feveral ro- 

 mances, the befl of which is faid to be a kind of moral tale, 

 entitled " L'Hiftoire de la Felicite." His comedies of 

 "Marriages affortis," 1744, and "La Coquette fixee," 

 1746, are reckoned to contain ftrokes of humour which 

 would not have been difavovi^ed even by Moliere. He was 

 alfo the author of many fugitive pieces. His literary re- 

 putation caufed him to be elefted into the French Academy ; 

 and the duke of Choifeul fettled on him a penfion of 6000 

 livres to write a French hiflory. He died m 1775, ?nd his 

 works were coUefted in 1782 by his friend, Mad. de Turpin, 

 in 5 vols. 8vo. Nouv. Dift. Hift. 



VOISEY, in Geography, a town of France, in the de- 

 partment of the Upper Marne ; 6 miles S.E. of Bourbon 

 les Bains. 



VOISHA, 



