VOL 



VOL 



VoLKAMF.RiA, in Gardening, funiirties plants of the ex- 

 otic tree kind, among wliich the Ipecies cultivated are, the 

 prickly volkamoria i,V. aculeata) ; and the ovate-leaved 

 fmooth volkameria i V. incrmis ' . 



The firil is a rather tall fpiny (hrubby plant. 



And the fecond fort has much the fame appearance, but 

 more white, and without fpincs. 



Method of Culture. — Tliefc plants are increafed by cut- 

 tings, which fhould beplanted in pots filled with light good 

 mould in the fummcr feafon, plunging them in a moderate 

 hot-bed, covering them clofe with hand-glafles. When they 

 are well rooted, they fhould be removed into feparate fmall 

 pots, replunging them in the hot-bed till they are frefh 

 rooted ; then gradually inure them to the open air in warm 

 weather, continuing them in warm llieltered fituations in the 

 open air till the approach of frofls, when they mull be taken 

 into the houfe, where there is a moderate heat. They will 

 not fucceed in a common green-houfe. 



They afford ornament among other more hardy ftove- 

 plants in pots. 



VOLKENMARCK, or Volkel Markt, in Geography, 

 a town of the duchy of Carinthia, on the north fide of the 

 Drave ; 12 miles E. of Clagenfurt. N. lat. 46° 41'. £. 

 long. 12° 20'. 



VOLKERODE, a town of Germany, in the princi- 

 pality of Gotha ; 20 miles N. of Gotha. 



VOLKMARSEN, or Volmarsheim, a town of the 

 duchy of Weftphalia ; i8 miles S.E of Paderborn. N. lat. 

 51° 23'. E. long. 9° 8'. 



VOLL, a town of Norway, in the province of Agger- 

 huus, on the Glomme ; 50 miles N.E. of Chriftiania. 



VOLLENAY, a town of France, in the department of 

 the Cote d'Or ; 3 miles S.W. of Beaune. 



VOLLENHOVEN, a town of Holland, and capital 

 of a diftrift, in the department of OverifTel, fituated near 

 the Zuyder See. It is not large, but carries on a con- 

 fiderable trade. N. lat. 52^44'. E. long. 5^ 41'. 



VOLLEY, a mihtary falute, made by difcharging a 

 great number of fire-arms at tlie fame time. 



VOLLORE, in Geography, a town of France, in the 

 department of the Puy de Dome; 5 miles S.S.E. of 

 Thiers. 



VOLMAR, a town of Ruffia, in the government of 

 Riga ; 56 miles N.N.E. of Riga. N. lat. 57° 36'. E. 

 long. 25° 14'. 



VOLME, a river which rifes about eight miles fouth of 

 Lunfchcde, in the county of Mark, and joins the Roer, 

 4 miles S.W. of Schvviert. 



VOLMER, a town of the principality of Culmbach ; 

 3 miles S.E. of Berncck. 



VOLMESTEIN, a town of Germany, in the county 

 of Mark ; 8 miles S.W. of Schwiert. 



VOLMUNSTER, a town of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the Mofelle ; 9 miles E. of Sarguemine. 



VOLO, a fea-port town of European Turkey, in Thef- 

 faly, fituated in a gulf, to which it gives name ; 38 miles 

 N.W. of Lariffa. N. lat. 39^^ 28'. E. long. 23° 12'. 



VoLO, in Antl/juily, a n.ime whicii the Romans gave the 

 flaves who, in the fecond Punic war, offered themfelves to 

 ferve in the army, upon a want of a fufficient immber of 

 citizens. 



The name -volo, volones, they are faid to have had from 

 their offering themfelves voluntarily. Fetlus fays, it was 

 after the battle of Canna; that this happened. Macrobius, 

 tJat. lib. i. cap. 2. places it before that battle. 



Capitolinns tells us, that Marcus Aurelius formed troops, 

 or legions, of flaves, which he called volunlarii ; and that 

 the like forces, in the fecond Punic war, had been called 



volones. But before M. Aurelius, Auguftus had given 

 the name I'oluntarli to forces which he had raifed out of 

 iiberti, or freedmen ; as we are afTured by Macrobius, Sat. 

 lib. i. cap. 2. 



The volones were afterwards called evocali. 

 \ OLOGDA, in Geography, a city of Ruffia, and capital 

 of a government, on the river Suchona, near lake Ku- 

 benfl<oe, the fee of an archbifhop. This city contains 

 about 1700 houfes, and a great many churches. The prin- 

 cipal trade is in hemp, matting, Ruffia leather, and tallow ; 

 320 miles S. of Archangel. N. lat. 59° 10'. E. long. 

 40^ 14'. 



VOLOGESIA, a town of the Arabian Irak, and 

 pach.ilic of Bagdat, built by Vologufa, one of the Parthian 

 kings, contemporary with Nero and Vefpafian, and men- 

 tioned by the ancient geographers as an inconfiderable 

 place ; but fince the death of HofTein, the fon of Ali, by 

 Fatin-.a, the daughter of the prophet, who was llain near it, 

 and is here interred, it has increafed in magnitude, and 

 become more famous from the numerous bodies of pilgrims 

 of the feft of Ali, who continually flock to it from all 

 quarters, but in particular from Perfia, to pay tlieir devo- 

 tions at the fhrine. It is now large and populous, and 

 called " Kerbela," or " Mefhed-HolTein," fituated 7 fur- 

 fungs N.W. of Hilleh, the fcite of ancient Babylon, at 

 the extremity of a very noble canal drawn from the Eu- 

 phrates. The environs of the town and borders of the 

 canal are fhaded by extenfive plantations of palm-trees ; and 

 the walks, which are upwards of two miles in circujnference, 

 have lately been repaired, to fecure the riches of the holy city 

 againft the predatory incurfions of the Wahabees, by whom 

 it was plundered fome years ago. Kerbela has five gates, a 

 well-fupplied bazaar, and feven khans or caravanferas ; but 

 the chief, and, indeed, only ornaments of the city are the 

 tomb of Holfein, which is adorned with a lofty cupola, 

 gilded by Nadir Shah, a.id a noble mofque, confecrated to 

 the memory of Abbas, the half-brother of the Imam. Al- 

 though Melhed-Hoffein is fubjeft to the Turks, the in- 

 habitants are for the mod part Perfians. The canal of 

 Kerbela, or Nahr Sares, though it now bears the name of 

 HofTcini, is more ancient than the days of Alexander, and 

 is fuppofed at one time to have been conncAed with Bahr 

 Wijifl. The modern town of Hilleh Hands on the banks 

 of the Euphrates, in N. lat. 32- 25', and about 54 miles 

 from Bagdat ; covering a very fmall portion of the fpace 

 occupied by the ancient capital of Aflyria. See Babylon. 

 Kinneir's Geog. Mem. of the Perlian Empire. 



VOLOGINA, a town of RulTia, in the government of 

 Irkutlk ; 40 miles S.W. of Kirenlk. 



VOLOGODSKOI, a government of Ruffia, which in- 

 eludes the province of Ultrug ; bounded on the north by 

 the government of Archangel, on the eafl by the govern- 

 ment of Tobollk, on the fouth by the governments of Perm, 

 Viatka, Koftroma, and .laroflavl or Yaroflaf, and on the weft 

 by the governments of Olonetz and Novgorod ; rather more 

 than 600 m les in length, and about 240 in breadth. N. 

 lat. 58^ 30'rto 6;° 20'. E. long. 39° to 59°. 



VOLOGZANOVA, a town of Rullia, in the govern- 

 merit of Irkutlk ; 18 miles N. of Ilimfli. 



VOLONE, in yincient Geography, a town of Italy, io 

 Saniniiim. 



VoLONE, in Geography, a town of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the l^owcr Alps ; 6 miles S.S.E. of Silleron. 



VOLOUSKA, a town of Illria; 15 miles N. of Lau- 

 rana. 



VOl.Pl, GiANANTONio, in Biography, an elegant Latin 



poet, was defcendcd from a noble family, and born at Como 



in 1514. Having lludicd jurifprudence in the univerfity of 



3 N 2 Pavia, 



