U R B 



Cyprus. Each of thefe claimants was adlicrtJ lo and fup- 

 ported by men of learning and reputation. The former re- 

 lided at Rome, and the latter at Avignon. Wc (hall not 

 detail the contefts, no lefs difgraceful to the one than to the 

 other, by which thefe competitors foreeclefiaftical power and 

 their refpeftivt adherents maintained their autl.ority and 

 influence. One of Urban'a laft afts was that of reducing 

 tlie period of the Jubilee from every 50th to every 33d year. 

 He clofcd a very unquiet pontificate of ll| years, and a 

 life of atrocious mifconiiuft, in Oftober 1389. Notwith- 

 ilanding the apparent irregularity of his eleftion, the church 

 has fan£tioned it as canonical, enrolled him among the true 

 popes, and referred his rival to the clafs of anti-popes. 

 Dupin. Bower. 



Urban VII., Pope, fucceeded Sixtus V. in September, 

 1590, and died on the tv/elfth day of his pontificate. 

 Bower. 



Urban VIII , Pope, named MaJfiO Barhcrini, was born 

 of a noble Florentme family in 1567, educated in Florence 

 and the .lefuits' college in Rome, and ;i:raduated in law at 

 Pjfa. He was well acquainted with tie L;itin, Greek, and 

 Hebrew languages, and became a prelate by powerful in- 

 tereft at the age of 19 years. Under tlie patronage of Cle- 

 ment VIII. he fuftained many offices of diilindion ; was 

 made cardinal by Paul V. in 1606, and elevated to the pon- 

 tificate on tlie death of Gregory XV. in 1 623. Immedi- 

 ately upon his elevation, he created two of his nephews 

 cardinals, and conferred the title of eminence upon all of 

 that order. On the death of the duke of Urbino, in 1632, 

 he took pofTefGon of that duchy, as a fief uf the holy fee. 

 Of the part which this pontiff look in the controverfy that 

 prevailed with rcfpeft to the doftrines of Janfenius, we have 

 already given a brief account under the article Jansenism. 

 Among his other pontifical a£ls we may mention his appro- 

 bation of the order of the Vifitation, and his fuppreffion of 

 that of the J.-fiiitefies. He alfo iffued a bull for renewing 

 the decrees of the council of Trent, and of other popes, 

 which enjoined the reiidence of prelates on their fees. Hav- 

 ing, at the inftigation of his nephews, entered into a war 

 with the duke of Parma, from whom he had ravifhed, in 

 1 641, the ducliy of CuRro, as a forfeiture to the holy fee, 

 which he was afterwards obliged to reftorc, on condition of 

 obtaining peace, he died in 1644, in the 77th year of his 

 age, and the 21ft of his pontificate. His charafter, ex- 

 cepting only the charge of nepotifm, whicli lie incurred in 

 common with many other pontiffs, v.'as upon the whole rc- 

 fpeftable. He was a fcholar, and an encourager of litera- 

 ture. Of his poenn a magnificent imprcffion was pubhfhed, 

 during his life, at Paris, in 1642, under the tide " Ma- 

 phsi S.R.E. Carl. Barbcrini nunc Urbaai VIII. Poemata." 

 He alfo corrected and rendered more pure and elegant the 

 Latin hymns ufed in divine fervice. Among other Tplcndid 

 buildings, which he caufed to be ere£led in the capital, one 

 was the palace of Paleftrina, for the refidence of a nephew, 

 whom he made prhicc with tiiat title. By (tripping the 

 brafs from the roof of the Pantheon, in order to decorate 

 the altar of St. Peter's, he furniflied occafion for the fol- 

 lowing pafquinad- : " Quod non fccere Barbari, fecere 

 Barberini." His family he liad fo enriched, that he fub- 

 jedted them to a fevere perfecution in tiie fubfequent ponti- 

 ficate. Dupin. Bower. 



URBANIA, or Capl Durante, in Geogral<hy, a town 

 of the Popedom, 111 th r duchy of Urbino. This town owes 

 its name to pope Urban VIII., who rebuilt it, and fur- 

 rounded it with baflions. It is the fee of a bifliop, fuffragan 

 of Urbino ; 7 miles S.S.W. of llrbino. 



URBANNA, a town of Virginia, 011 the Rappahannoc ; 



U R B 



50 mikt E.N.E. of Richmond. N. lat. 37" 40'. W. long, 

 76' 40'. 



URBARA, in Ancient Geography, a town of Africa, in 

 the interior of Mauritania Csfarienfis. Ptolemy. 



URBATA, a town of Pannonia, upon the route from 

 Sirmium to Salone, between Cirtifa and Servium. Autoa. 

 Itin. 



URBE, in Geography, a river which rifes in the county 

 of Waldeck, and runs into the Dimel, 5 miles W. of War- 

 burg. 



URBIACA, in ylncitnt Geography, a town of Hifpania 

 Citerior, at a fmaU diftance from mount Ubeda, towards 

 the eaft, on a fmall river which ran towards Bilbilis ; marked 

 in Anton. Itin. between Valeponga and Albonica. 



URBICARY Provinces. See Suburbicary. 



URBICUS, m Ancient Geography, a river of Spain. 



URBINATES, a people of Italy, in Umbria ; of 

 whom there were two claffes, w'z. the Metaurenfes, who in- 

 habited the banks of the Metaurus ; and the Hortenfes, who 

 inhabited the city of Urbinum, near the Flaminian way. 

 The Urbinum Hortenfe, or town of gardens, was fituated 

 on a lofty hill, and had only a fountain to fupply the whole 

 town with water. The Urbinum of Metaurus lay fouth-eaft 

 of the former, on a river from which it took its name. It 

 was municipal. 



URBINO, TlMOTEO Dl, in Biography. See VlTE. 



Urbino, Duchy of, in Geography, a province of the Pope- 

 dom, bounded on the north by Romagna, on the north-ead 

 by the Adriatic, on the fouth-eaft by the marquifate of 

 Ancona, on the foutli by the Perugiano, and on the weft 

 by Tufcany and Romagna. The air is reckoned unwhole- 

 fome ; one of the chief produftions is filk ; game and fifh 

 are plentiful. Urbino was formerly governed by its own 

 dukes, of whom the laft, Francis Maria, of Rovera, dying 

 in the year 1631, without male iffue, the pope took pof- 

 feflion of his territory. The faid duke had by will, in 

 1626, confirmed the pope's claims, and already, in efFeft, 

 made over the country. Vidforia, daughter of his fon 

 Ubaldi, and fpoufe to Ferdinand II. great duke of Tuf- 

 cany, inherited the allodial ettates ; and hence it is that 

 Poggio Impcriale, and other places in this country, be- 

 longed to the duke of Tufcany. In the year 1764, tlie 

 pope purchafed the rights claimed by the duke of Tufcany. 

 During the French revolution it was transferred to the king- 

 dom of Italy. 



Urbino, a city of the Popedom, and capital of a duchy 

 of the fame name, near the head of tlie Foglio, the fee of 

 an archbifliop, and refidence of a legate. It is fituated on 

 a hill, at the union of two rivers. The univerfity or aca- 

 demy is one of the moll ancient in Italy. It contains a 

 noble college, and 16 convents. The ducal palace, which 

 at piefent belongs to the pope, was built by duke Frederie, 

 who furnifhed it with many ancient ftatucs of marble and 

 bronze, excellent paintings, and a library of curious and 

 rare books. Tlie library was conveyed to Rome by pope 

 Alexander VII. In the churches .are fecn fome works of 

 the celebrated painters Raphael and Frederic Barocci ; as 

 likewife of Genga, Vincent St. Geminiaao, and Timotheus 

 d'Urbino, pupils of Raphael. Raphael was a native of 

 Urbino; 54 miles E. of Florence." N. lat. 43° 48'. E. 

 long. I 2° 32'. 



URBI-SAGLI.\, a town of the marquifitc of Ancona ; 

 5 miles S.^jf Macerata. 



URBS. See Kekf. 



Urrs, in Ancient Geography, a river of Italy, in Liguria. 

 — Alfo, a foreft of Italy, in Liguria, near the forc-men- 

 lioned river. 



Uhhs 



