U R E 



U R E 



U. buUata. Tumid Blight. Pcrf. n. 22. Obf. Mycol. 

 fafc. I. 98. t. 2. f. 5. and t. 5. f. 9, b Piomiiieiit, blad- 

 dery. Powder chcfinit-coloured. Seeds condriftcd in the 

 middle. — Rarely met with, on the ftems of umbelliferous 

 plants. The cuticle on the ftem is raifed in the form of an 

 ovate bladder, cncloling a tumid mafs of orange-brown 

 poivder, each particle ot which appears, under a very high 

 magnilier, like the figure of 8, as if formed ot two rounded 

 lobes. 



U. Anemones. Ancmony Blight. Perf. n. 24. Difp. 



Math. Fung. 56 Rather large, deprcfied, burfting from a 



longitudinal fiffure in the cuticle of the leaf. Powder co- 

 pious, black. — Found in the fpring, on curled leaves of 

 Anemone nemorofa, in whofe fubftance it is lodged. 



Seft. 3. Powder -white. Albugo ; 2 fpccies. 



U. Candida. Cream Blight. — Shapelefs, tumid, white. 

 Frequent throughout the fummer, on the branches and 

 ftalks of Shepherd's Purle, which appear greatly fwollen, 

 twilled, abounding with whitifh foetid powder, which burfts 

 irregularly through the fliining cuticle. Ptrloon thinks it 

 grows along with his Botrytis parafitica, Obf. Mycol. fafc. I. 

 97. t. 5. f. 6, a, b. — He notices two varieties, one found 

 on different fpecies of Tragopogon in fummer, which is 

 fmaller and more deprcfied than the above, with lefs pro- 

 minent powder ; the other on Alyjfum calycinum, fmaller and 

 roundifh, though variable in ihape. 



U. Cheiranthi. Stock Blight. Perf. n. 26 Scat- 

 tered, nearly globular, prominent, white. — Found rarely on 

 the foliage of Cheiranthus incanus. This, which we have 

 never chanced to meet with, is defcribed by Perfoon as con- 

 fiding of fmall globular maffes, half a line in breadth, each 

 encompafTed with the torn cuticle of the leaf. On account 

 of this difference of form, he thought proper to diftinguifli 

 the prefent fpecies from all the varieties of the laft. 



Seft. 4. Poivder black'iji or broivn, parafitical on the parts 

 of fruclijication of different plants. Ustilaoo ; 4 fpecies. 



U. Segetum. Corn Blight, or Smut. Purfli. n. 27. 

 Bulliard Fung. v. i. 90. t. 472. f. 2 — Powder copious, 

 black, produced within the glumes of grafles. This gene- 

 rally appears like a transformation of the fubftance of the 

 feed, in whole ears of barley, wheat, or oats, or even 

 Agrojlis, into a foetid footy powder, and conftitutes the 

 difeafe termed fmut by farmers, concerning whofe caufe, 

 and the means of prevention by fteeping the feed-grain in 

 lime-water, &c., fo many various opinions have been held. 

 See Smut. 



U. Caricis. Carex Blight. Perf. n. 2S. — Powder 



black, naked, cncompaifing the feeds Found on the fruit 



of different fpecies of Carex, as the montana, and more efpe- 

 cially the pilulifera, on which lait it is very frequent and 

 confpicuous. 



U. Tragopogi pratenjts. Goat's. beard Blight. Perf. 



n 29. Diip. Meth. Fung. 57 Powder copious, brown- 



i(h-pnrple, on the receptacles of Tragopogon. This is not 

 uncommon in fummer, on the receptacle of the above plant, 

 within its permanent caly.x, and is the largeft of the genus. 

 Perfoon. 



U. yi'jlacea. Violet-coloured Blight. Perf. n. 30. 

 (Farinaria SlellariE ; Sowcrb. Fung. t. 396. f. i.) — 



Powder of a violet purple, in the anthers of flowers Very 



frequent in Saponaria officinalis., Silcnc nutans, Stclluria gra- 

 minca, the whice-flowcred Lychnis dioica, andefpecially Silene 

 infiata and maritima of Fl. Brit. The anthers of thefe 

 flowers often fwell prodigicnifly, and their natural contents 

 are replaced by a great quantity of foft dull-purple powder, 

 which flains the petals, and gives the flower the appearance 

 of being fprinkled with fomtthing like foot. The impreg- 



nation of fuch fie wcrs fails, of courfe ; but we do not ob- 

 ferve thtm to be ctherwife, as Perfoon declares, languid or 

 fickly. Mr. Sowcrby lays, this fungus often burfls from the 

 ripening geimen of Sttliaria gran,ima 2nd S.hoUJlea ; and 

 that it (ic( urs alfo in Lrcmus nictlis, which wc likewifc have 

 remarked, and feme other grafTts. Every anther of the 

 fame flower is thus afilfted. We are much prepofTefTed 

 wilh the idea of this fuppofcd fungus being a difeafe, origi- 

 nating in the conftitution cf the plant, and ending in a mor- 

 bid fecretion ; but we muil allow the opinion of Perfoon to 

 be fupported by analogy. 



UREGUR, in Geography, a town of the ifland of Cey- 

 lon ; 60 miles N.W. of Trinkomaly. 



URELLYCONDA, a town of Hindooftan, in My- 

 fore ; 20 miles N. of Bangalore. 



UREMA, in Ancient Geography, a town of Afia, in Sy- 

 ria, upon the banks of the Euphrates, near Aradus. Pto- 

 lemy. 



URENA, in Botany, from the Malabar name Uren. 

 This name, introduced by Dillenius, is allowed by Linnaeus, 

 Phil. Bot. 164, among fome others, which, though of bar- 

 barous origin, might, as he thought, be new-modelled, fo 

 as to prove not altogether intolerable. We muft allow that 

 the prefent is as little exceptionable in found as any barbar- 

 ous name can well be. — Linn. Gen. 355. Schreb. 467. 

 Willd. Sp. PI. v. 3. 800. Mart. Mill. Dia. v. 4. Ait. 

 Hort. Kew. v. 4. 222. Dill. Elth. 430. JufT. 272. Ca- 

 van. Diff. 334. Lamarck Illuftr. t. 583. Gsrtn. t. 135. 

 — Clafs and order, Monadelphia Polyandria. Nat. Ord. 

 Columniferis, Linn. Malvacex, JufF. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth double, inferior. The outer of 

 one leaf, in five broadifh fegments. Inner of five narrow, 

 angular, permanent leaves. Cor. Petals five, oblong, broadeft 

 at the extremity, blunt with a point, narroweft at the bafe, 

 which is attached to the tube of the flamens. Stam. Fila- 

 ments numerous, united in their lower part into a cylindrical 

 tube ; feparate above, t)elow the top of the tube ; anthers 

 roundifh. Pijl. Gcrmen fupcrior, roundifli, with five an- 

 gles ; flyle fimplc, the length of the ftamens, divided into 

 ten branches at the top, each tipped with a capitate, hairy, 

 reflexed ftigma. Peric. Capfule roundifh, with five angles, 

 prickly, of five cells, which finally feparate from each other 

 without burfting. Seeds folitary, roundifti externally, com- 

 prificd and angular at the oppofitc part. 



Eft'. Ch. C.ilyx double ; the outermofl five-cleft. Cap- 

 fule of five cells, feparating entire. Seeds folitary. We 

 find much to corred, and fomething to add, in the difcri- 

 mination of the fpecies. 



I. IT. lobata. Angular-leaved Urena. Linn. Sp. PI. 

 974. Willd. n. I. Ait. n. i. Cavan. DifT. 336. t. 185. 

 f. I. (U. finica, xanthii facie; Dill. Elth. 430. t. 319. 

 Trifolio aflinis, Indix orientalis, xanthii facie ; Breyn. 

 Cent. t. 35.) Leaves rouiidifh-heartftiaped, angular, with 

 three glands at the bafe underneath. — Native of China. A 

 greenhoufe fhrub in our gardens, cultivated in the Chelfca 

 and Eltham colleftions, about the year 1730, but not gene- 

 rally to be met with, 'being inferior in fplrndour to our Wild 

 Mallow, common on every bank. The flowers of this 

 Urena are neverthelefs of a delicate peach-blofTom hue, and 

 though fliort-lived, lafting but a few hours, .ire produced in 

 plentiful fucceflion through the fummer. They/cm is two 

 or three feet high, ered, not much branched. Leaves 

 broader than long, toothed, llightly lobrd, finely downy ; 

 ]>aler, and rather hoary, beneath. FrolJl.iUs (\cuder, round, 

 downy, generally longer than the leave.":. Flowers axillary, 

 folitary, on fhort ftalks, about the fi/.c of Malva rotundi- 

 folia. CapfuUs near half an inch in diameter, armed with 



prominent 



