U R 1 



a rum-puncheon, which is mounted on wheels, being filled 

 by large pails with long handles. Two perfons, a man and 

 boy, are employed in the work. One puncheon full is ca- 

 pable of doing forty-fix rods (of feven yards) forward, and 

 three yards in breadth. In this way, it is very readily and 

 conveniently made ufe of, when applied in the liquid ftate. 

 The writer of the Agricultural Report of the County of 

 Peebles obferves, that the urine of cattle, until of late too 

 much neglefted, is now more attended to : it is coUefted by 

 earth laid down to abforb it, as well as the liquids that run 

 off from the dungileads, or it is received into a pit furnifhed 

 with a pump. Some coUeA it in the firil manner, and 

 apply it to the land by putting it into a puncheon mounted 

 as above, and furnifhed at the hindermoft end with a pipe, 

 terminating in a large rofe, fomewhat like that of a watering 

 pan. It is drawn over the field by one horfe, and the urine 

 from the rofe befprinkles to the breadth of nine feet, fo that 

 an eighteen-feet ridge is done in the going and returning of 

 the carriage. It is obferved, too, that as urine is of a 

 fcorching quality, it is unfafe to apply it to any growing 

 crop, in great heat or drought ; fo that, in general, it is un- 

 advifeable fo to apply it after the month of May. That it 

 ought not to be applied to any land in winter, from its being 

 fo eafily wafhed away by rains ; and never on wet lands, 

 earlier than the month of March ; and then only in dry 

 weather. That it may be laid on fallow, at any time when 

 it is dry enough to abforb it readily. That, in dry warm 

 weather, it is advantageoufly thrown over dunghills, efpe- 

 cially thofe of the compoft kind. 



Notwithllanding thefe remarks on the great ufe of urine, 

 it is ftated in the feventh volume of the Bath Letters and 

 Papers, that an attentive and dihgent farmer took the trouble 

 one year to carry out all the liable liquor alone, but without 

 obferving any good effefts from it, and that another perfon 

 was known to him wlio had done the fame thing without 

 any better iuccels. The time, manner, or fort of land to 

 which it was applied are not, however, mentioned, which 

 would probably have explained the reafon of its want of 

 fuccefs in fuch cafes. 



Urine, Salt of. See Fuftble Salt. 



URINOUS Salts are the fame with what we otherwife 

 call alkaline falts, or alkalies. 



There are two kinds of urinous falts, the one Jixt, the 

 other •volatile. The fixt pretail in plants, and the volatile 

 in animals. 



They are called urinous, in refpecl of their tafte and 

 fmell, which bear fome refemblance to thofe of urine. 



URIPA, in Geography, a town of Peru, in the diocefe 

 of Cufco ; 1 20 miles W.N.W. of Cufco. 



URIQUE, a town of New Mexico, in the province of 

 Cinaloa ; 120 miles N.E. of Cinaloa. 



URISAL, a town of Sweden, in the province of Up- 

 land ; 6 miles N. of Stockholm. 



VRISHADWAJA, a name of the Hindoo deity Siva. 

 It is a compound word, meaning he who rides a bull ; this 

 animal being the vehicle on which that deity rides. 



VRITRA, a demon, according to Hindoo legends, 

 flain by their god Indra, regent of the firmament, who is 

 thence named Vritrahan. See Indra. 



URITANUS Acer, in Anc'unt Geography, a territory 

 of Italv, mentioned by Appian and Velleius Paterculus. 



URITH, in Rural Economy, a term fometimes ufed to 

 fignify the bindings of hedges in thofe of the llafF and band 

 or rife kind. See Fence and Hedge. 



URITZ, in Geography, a town of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the Lower Loire ; 14 miles N.N.E. of Ancenis. 



URIVES, in Rural Eeonomy, a term fometimes applied 



U R U 



to the nets which are ufed to catch hawks, and other fimilar 

 birds of prey with, in different places. 



URIUM, in A'cient Geography, a town of Hifpania, in 

 Bcetica, on the confines of Lufitania, belonging to the Tur- 

 ditani. Ptolemy. — Alfo, one of two rivers of Bcetica, be- 

 tween the Axas and the Bcctis. 



URIUM KAN, in Geography, a river of Ruflia, which 

 runs into the Arguna, N. lat. 51° 55'. E. long. 124° 15'. 



URJUP, or Urup, one of the Kurile iflands, diftant 

 from Shirpo Oi 25 verils. This ifland is larger than moft 

 of the others, being 200 verfts long, and 20 broad. Its 

 mountains are high, with bald heads ; they are very fteep, 

 and about them are deep glens. On the north coaft lie four 

 fmall ifles almoft contiguous. In the vales, and befide the 

 llreams, a plain is occafionally feen ; and in the valleys as 

 well as on the mountains, and indeed over the whole ifland 

 on the north and eaft fides, are high foreils of birches, 

 elders, the forbus fylveftris, and iturdy rattans. On the 

 {hores and in the valley-plains the herbs flioot to an uncom- 

 mon height. Confiderable ftreams flow from the mountains 

 into tiie fea, and yield a variety of fifh. In the northern 

 part, about the middle of the ifland, is an inland fea, which 

 difcharges its waters by a level fiream into the ocean ; which 

 itream teems with fifli. The ifland aboimds with rats, and 

 with red and white foxes. In the clefts of the mountains is 

 found ore, fuch as copper pyrites mixed with quartz, ful- 

 phur pyrites as hard as lleel, with quartz, and a poor cop- 

 per pyrites in a calcareous gangue. This ifland is only 

 frequented for taking the foxes. Tooke's Ruff. vol. i. 



URK, a fmall ifland in the Zuyder Zee ; 11 miles E. of 

 Enckhuyten. 



URKEND, or UzKUND, or Adercantl, a town of Tur- 

 keftan ; 90 miles N.E. of Toncat. 



URKOK, a town of Bengal ; 14 miles N. of Doefa. 



URKONGE, or KoRKANJE, or Orkanje, or Urgentz, 

 a town of ACa, and capital of Charafm, on a branch of the 

 Jihon, which runs into the lake Aral. In the year 122 1, 

 this place was befieged by the troops of Jenghiz Khan, and 

 after an obftinate defence, and the death of tlie governor, the 

 inhabitants let fire to their houfes : thofe who remained after 

 the flaughter which followed the furrender were condemned 

 to flavery ; 320 miles W.N.W. of Samarcand. N. lat. 42° 

 35'. E. long. 58° 30'. 



URKUP, or YuKKUP, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in 

 Caramania, on the Kizil-ermuk ; 10 miles W.S.W. of 

 Tocat. N. lat. 38° 37'. E.long. 34° 18'. 



URLINGFORD, a fmall town of the county of Kil- 

 kenny, Ireland; about lo miles S.W. from Durrow. 



URLIUTIUPSKOI, a fort of Ruflia, in the govern- 

 ment of Kolivan, on the eaft fide of the Irtifch. N. lat. 

 53° 36'- E. long. 75° 34'. 



URMIAH, or Urumea, a diftrift of Perfia, in the 



province of Azerbijan Alfo, an ancient city of the fame 



province, the Thebarma of Strabo, and fuppofed birth-place 

 of Zoroafter, fituated on a noble plain, which is fertilized 

 by the river Shar, and on the fouth-w\;ft of the lake to which 

 it gives name. This town is diilant 32 furfungs from Ta- 

 breez, and contains a population of 12,000 fouls. It is de- 

 fended by a ftrong wall and deep ditch, that may be filled 

 with water from the river, and the vicinity produces wine 

 and corn in abundance. It cannot boaft of a fingle river of 



confequence. N. lat. 37°. E. long. 45° 40' Alfo, a 



lake generally believed to be the Spauto of Strabo, and 

 Marcianus of Ptolemy, about 8c furfungs or 300 miles in 

 circumference. The water is more fahne than the fea, and 

 it emits a difagreeable fulphurous fmell, fo that no fifti can 

 live in it. Some fay that the furface is occafionally in- 

 <) crufted 



