U S N 



U S P 



a^Ajlims lefembling a necklace : in the lall variety, d, tlicy 

 are fingularly inflated and pitted, thougli Icfs interrupted or 

 broken, wliile the fubdivided branches are more fuddenly 

 capillary than the ufual habit of the plant. That the Lichen 

 barbatus and arlkuhUus of Linnaeus conttitute but one fpecies, 

 and are hardly varieties of each other, Mr. Lightfoot firft 

 hinted, nor could any one have a doubt on the fubjcft after 

 examining the Dillenian fpecimens. What the variety, b, 

 dafopoga, of Acharius may be, we have no authentic inform- 

 ation. It has been referred lo pluata, but if at all like that 

 fpecies, it can have no affinity to the prefent. U. barbata 

 never exhibits, as far as we can learn, any traces of radiated 

 diflts. Its proper fruftifications are the lateral, flelh-coloured, 

 much wrinkled or lobed, tubercles, ranged numeroufly along 

 fome of the branches, without cauling any flexure, or 

 change in their direftion. Thefe we have gathered near Vi- 

 terbo. (See Tour on the Continent, ed. 2. v. l. 335.) 

 They are reprefented in Engl. Bot. t. 258, and in Micheli, 

 Nov. Gen. 76. t. 39. f. I, 2. The central pith in this 

 fpecies is very (lender, appearing between the difunited por- 

 tions, like a rough thread of very white cotton. 



9. U. hmgijftmn. Long Slender Ufnea. Ach. Syn. n. 8. 

 Nov. Aft. Upfal. with a figure, unpubhfhed. — " Frond 

 pendulous, thread-lhaped, (lightly comprefled, rough and 

 fomewhat powdery, pure white, very long, fcarcely 

 branched, clothed with horizontal, twifted, fimple, a(h- 

 coloured fibres." — Found on the branches of trees, in the 

 woods of Lufatia- The frond is flender, with a few 

 branches, two, three, or four feet in length. Receptacles 

 unknown, jlcharhis. 



10. U. angulata. Angular Ufnea. Ach. Syn. n. 9. — 

 " Frond pendulous, nearly fimple, zigzag, pale grey, with 

 acute rough angles ; fibres horizontal, crowded, fimple, 

 fhort, round, tapering." — Native of trees in North Ame- 

 rica. Fru&ifcalion unknown. At firft fight this fpecies 

 refembles the variety c, Jir'tgofa, of U. fiorida, but is more 

 related to hng'ijjima, from which, as well as from tlie rell of 

 the genus, it is fufficlently diftinguifliable by the conforma- 

 tion of the frond. j}charius. 



11. U. tricholdea. Capillary Ufnea. Ach. Syn. n. 10 

 Meth. 312. t. 8. f. I. — Frond prollrate, fmooth, whitifh, 

 thread-fhapcd, very flender, branched ; fibres horizontal, 

 icattered, partly turned one way. Difl<6 of the fame co- 

 lour, terminal, with a narrow, elevated, naked, entire bor- 

 der. — Found in Nova Scotia, at the Cape of Good Hope, 

 and in the ifle of Java. Differs from the reft of its genus 

 in the capillary, fpreading, not pendulous, frond, and in 

 the want of rays to its dijfis, which are very (lightly con- 

 cave. Tlie medullary thread is blackilh ; the cortical fub- 

 llance crullaceous, thin, fcarcely jointed. Ach. Meth. 



12. U. gracilis. Slender Ufnea. Ach. Syn. n. 11. 

 Nov. n.ft. Upfal. with a figur.-, unpubliflied. — " Frond 

 pendulous, white, very fmooth and fliining, thread-fhaped : 

 branches fcattered, uniform, (Iraight, fimplo, flightly 

 fibrous." — Native of the ifle of Bourbon. .'Acharius thinks 

 this a diftnxl fpecies, though he never met with the fru8i- 

 Jicalion. 



13. U./daris. Greenifli Thread Ufnea. Ach. Syn. 

 n. 12. (" U. gracilis; Perf. in Aft. Soc. Wctteran. 2. 

 t. 10. f. 6." \ — " Frond thread-thaped, greenifh. Difks 

 fcattered, fiuall, fringed with briftles." — Native of America. 

 Perfonn. Acharius had not feen a fpecimen, but he con- 

 ceived this fpecies to be really dillinft from llie lad, and 

 was, therefore, obliged to cliange Perfnon's fpecilic name. 



14. U. inrarnala. Red-pithed Ufnea. — Frond pendu- 

 lous, pale, fmooth, capillary, cracked, with numerous 

 horizontal tapering fibres ; the medullary tlircad rcddilh. 



Dilki lateral, concave, fringed with long dillaiit bridles. — 

 Gathered in Nova Scotia, by Mr. Archibald Menzies, to 

 whom we are obliged for fpecimens. We cannot refer them 

 to any of the preceding fpecies, but without a companion 

 with fome of thofe, particularly the two laft, the queftion 

 mult remain in a little uncertainty. The fronds are fix 

 inches long, of an ivory white, poli(hed, not at all warty or 

 powdery, very flender, copioufly cracked, but not tumid 

 nor inflated ; the central thread, when laid bare, appearing 

 of a flefli-colour, or light red. Dijhs copious, fmall, 

 flightly reddifh, with a thick inflexed border, belet with a 

 few unequal, rather long, fpreading briftles. In a young 

 (late, when fmaller than muftard-feed, they greatly refcmble 

 the fliields of a Parmelia. 



15. U.denudala. Naked-branched Ufnea. — Frond thread- 

 fhaped, tawny, greenilh, rough with minute points, fub- 

 divided, deftitute of lateral fibres. Difl<s lateral, flat, 

 glaucous, fringed with tapering briftles. — Gathered by Mr. 

 Menzies in Otaheite. We cannot tell whether this be pen- 

 dulous or ereft, but the frond and branches are all nearly of 

 equal thicknefs, without any fine tapering lateral fibres or 

 fubdivifions. They are fliglitly cracked here and there, but 

 not tumid ; their colour partly tawny, partly a dirty 

 greeiiifh-white. Di/ls ranged along the uninterrupted 

 frond ; when young globular, concave, naked at the edge ; 

 finally flat, a quarter of an inch wide, brown, with a glau- 

 cous bloom ; their border narrow, wavy, flightly elevated, 

 more or lefs copioufly fringed with cracked briiUes ; very 

 unequal in length. 



USNEN, a name given by Avlcenna and Serapion to the 

 plant kali, of which the alkah fait called pot-aflies, and ufed 

 in the compounding of our foap, is made. There are alfo 

 fevcral other things called by this name, and, in general, all 

 that were ufed in the fcouring or cleaning of clothes. The 

 dung of fparrows was ufed by fome people for this purpofe, 

 as the dung of hogs is at this time ; and this was, therefore, 

 called by fome ufnen. HyfTop, a plant famous for its clean- 

 ing virtue, was alfo called by the fame name ; and fome have 

 alfo applied it to the foldanella, or fea bind-wccd. 



Wherever, in the Arabian writers, the word ufntnis ufed 

 in any of thefe latter fenfes, there is fomething added to dif- 

 tinguifh which of the things before exprefTed is meant by it ; 

 but whenever it Ifands alone and unexplained, it is to be un- 

 dcrftood as meaning the kali. 



USOZA, in Geography, a river of RufTia, which runs 

 into the Svopa, near Phatez, in tlie government of Kurfli. 



USPALLATA, a fpacious plain, about 50 miles long 

 and 6 broad, fituated on the eaftern mountains of the 

 Andes, in the province of Acancagua, which gives name to 

 the moft celebrated filvcr mine, as Chili. The vein of 

 filver, on the flcirts of the eaftern chain of this plain, has 

 been traced to the enormous length of 90 miles ; nor is its 

 termination yet fixed. It is fuppofcd by many to extend to 

 Potofi, which lies in the fame direftion, or through a fpace 

 of 14°, or 840 geographical miles. Tlie grand vein is al- 

 ways nine feet in thicknefs, and on both fides throws oft 

 numerous branches, which may be faid to penetrate a cliain 

 of mountains 30 miles in breadth. This produftive mine, 

 though difcovered in 1638, was neglefted till the year 176:, 

 when the people of Mendoza, a town not far fioiii Ufpal- 

 hita, invited two expert miners from Peru ; and tlicy con- 

 tinued to work the mine with prodigious advantage. 



USPENSKOE, a town ol Rulfui, in the government 

 of Ekaterinoflav ; 16 miles S. of Uonetzk. 



USPENSKOI, a town of Ruflla, in the province of 



Uftiug ; 28 miles S. of Uftiug Alfo, a town of RulTia, in 



the government of Archangel ; So miles S. of KoI.t. 



USQUE- 



