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td abandon the opinion of their predeceflbr*, and have af- 

 cribed to the Vulgate a value perhaps greater than it de- 

 fcrves." Michaelis's Introduftion to the New Teftameiit 

 by Marfh, vol. ii. part i. Campbell's Prehm. Diflertation 

 to his Comment on the Four Gofpels. A complete ac- 

 count of all the editions of the Vulgate is given in Le 

 Long Bibl. Sacra, ed. Mafch. part 2. vol. iii. cap. 2. 



M. Simon calls the Greek verfion of the Septuagint, be- 

 fore it was revifed and reformed by Origen, the ancient Vul- 

 gate Greek. Origen's correftion was preferred to the ancient 

 Greek, which was confequently difufed ; fo that we have 

 now fcarcely any copies of it. See Septuagint. 



VULGIENTES, in Ancient Geography, a people of 

 Gallia Narbonnenfis, N. of the Salgii ; to whom Pliny 

 afligns the town of Apta Juha. 



VULKAN, in Geography, a mountain of Tranfylvania ; 

 24 miles W. of Weiflemburg. 



VULNERARY, formed from -vulnus, wound, in Medi- 

 cfne, an epithet given to remedies proper for the cure of 

 wounds and ulcers. 



There are divers vufnerary herbs ; as ariftolochia, or 

 birth-wort ; fanicle, or felf-heal ; plantain, moufe-ear, 

 veronica, or fluelHn ; agrimony, vervain, or the holy 

 herb, &c. 



There are alfo vulnerary potions, compofed of various 

 fimples ; vulnerary balfams, unguents, plafters, &c. See 

 Balsam, &c. 



VuLXERABY Water. See Water. 



VULPANSER, in Ornithology, a name given by fome 

 authors to the (hell-drake, or borrow-duck, a very beau- 

 tiful fpecies of duck, common on fome of our coails, and 

 called by the generaUty of authors tadorna. See DucK. 



VULPECULA, in Ichthyology, a name given by Bel- 

 lonius and Gefner to the fith called by the generality of au- 

 thors centrine. See Chim.i;ra and Squalus. 



VuLPECULA et Anfer, Fox and Goofe, in Ajlronomy, a 

 conftellation made out of unformed ftars by Hevelius, in 

 which he reckons twenty-feven ftars ; but Flamftead enu- 

 merates thirty -five. See Constellation. 



VULPES, in Entomology, a fpecies of Scarab^us, 

 which fee. 



VuLPES, in Zoology. See Fox. 



VuLPES Baharnenfu, in Ichthyology, a fpecies of Esox, 

 with a fin in the middle of the back, and the branchiofte- 

 gous membrane three-rayed. It is found in America. 



VuLPES Marina. See Sea-Yox. 



VuLPES Putoria, in Zoology. See Didelphis Opojfum. 



VULPINALIA, among the Romans, a feaft celebrated 

 on the 19th of April, in which they burned foxes. 



VULSINIENSIS Lacus, or Fulfmian Lake, in Ancient 

 Geography, a lake of Italy, in Etruria, nearly S. of the lake 

 of Trafimene. It took its name from that of Vulfuiii, which 

 fee. See alfo Volsinensis Lacus. 



VULSINII, 5o^na, a townof Italy.in Etruria, upon the 

 northern bank of the lake above-mentioned. It was one of 

 the moft confiderable towns of Etruria ; and its inhabitants 

 armed themfelves againft the Romans in the year of Rome 

 36^. This town afterwards fell under the power of flaves ; 

 but when they were introduced into the order of fenators, 

 they would not fuffer any affembly to be convened without 

 their confent, and they aflerted their own impunity for manv 

 crimes which entailed difnonour on families. This Angular 

 faft occurred in the year 489. According to Florus, thefe 

 ^ves were under the conduft of a perfon named Fabius Gur- 

 gites. The Romans eftabliflied the order inVulfinii ; but they 

 defpoiled it of a great number of ftatues. This town was 

 'avaged at three different times : firll by the Romans ; then 



5 



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by a monfter, of whom no adequate idea can calHy b« 

 given ; and laftly, by a thunderbolt. 



VULSON, Marc: de, Sieur de la Colombiire, in Bio- 

 graphy, an licraldic writer, lived at Grenoble in 1 61 8, and 

 difcovering his wife in the aft of adultery, killed her and 

 her gallant, and obtained a pardon at Paris, whither he 

 fled. His work, entitled " La Science Heroiqne, traitant 

 de la NoblefL', de I'Origine des Armes, &c." 1644, folio, 

 reprinted with additions in 1669, is reckoned the moft com- 

 plete French work on Heraldry. He alfo publifticd, " Le 

 Theatre d'Honneur et de Cavalerie, ou le Miroir Hifto- 

 rique de la Nobleffe," 2 vols, folio, 1648, and " Recueil de 

 plufieurs Pieces et Figures d'Armoiries," folio, 1689: and 

 died in 1658 Nouv. Dia. Hift. 



VULTONA, La Boutonne, in Ancient Geography, a river 

 of Aquitania in Gaul ; after purfuing the courle nearly from 

 E. to W., it difcharges itfelf into the Charante. This 

 river is alfo denominated " Vultumna." 



VULTUR, or Vulture, in Ornithology, a genus of 

 birds belonging to the order of Accipitres, or hawks. The 

 characters of which are, that the bill is ilraight, and hooked 

 only at the apex, and covered at the bafe by a cere or fkin ; 

 that the head has no feathers, and covered in front with a 

 naked /kin ; that the tongue is flefhy, and generally bifid, 

 the neck retraftile, and the feet ftrong, with moderately 

 crooked claws. Gmelin, in his edition of the Linnxan 

 fyftem, reckons 13 fpecies, befides varieties, which are as 

 follow : 



Gryphus, or Vulture Condor, or largeft vulture, or black 

 vulture, with the fhorter wing-feathers white ; the head 

 furnifhed with an upright, compreiled, flefhy creft or comb ; 

 the throat naked and red ; and the neck carunculated on 

 each fide. We are enabled, by Dr. Shaw, who had an 

 opportunity of examining two birds of this kind in excel- 

 lent prefervation in the Leverian Mufeum, to give a more 

 correft defcription of this genus than that which was fur- 

 nifhed when the article condor was written. ( See Condore. ) 

 Thefe birds, which are more frequently feen in Peru than 

 in any other parts of South America, were brought from 

 the ftraits of Magellan. They were fuppofed to be male 

 and female. The male bird has " a kind of gular pouch, 

 or large dilated flcin, of a blucifti colour, proceeding from 

 the bafe of the lower mandible, and reaching to fome dif- 

 tance down the neck. On each fide of the neck is alfo 

 fituated a row or feries of flat, carneous, femicircular, or 

 ear-fhaped flaps or appendages, to the number of feven on 

 each fide, and which gradually decreafe in fize as they de- 

 fcend ; being fo difpoled as to lap-flightly over each 

 other. The whole neck and breaft are of a red colour, and 

 perfedtly bare of feathers ; being only coated here and there 

 with a few ftraggling filaments of blackifli hair or coarfe 

 down. The colour of the lateral wattles or carunculz in- 

 clines to bluei(h. The creft or comb on the head is large, 

 upright, thick at the bafe, (harpened on its edge, and not 

 entirely even in its outhne, but fomewhat fiiiuated, finking 

 flightly in the middle, and rifing higher on the back part ; 

 it is fmooth, and irregularly convex on the fides, and in its 

 texture or fubftancc not greatly diffimilar to that of the V. 

 papa of Linnjcus, or king vulture. At a flight diftance be- 

 hind this, on each fide, is fituated a much fmaller, femi-oval 

 nuchal creft, of a fimilar fnbftance, and befet with coarfe 

 down. The colour of the creft is blackifli, flightly inclining 

 to red and blue in fome parts. Towards the lower part of 

 the neck is a pendent pear-fliaped tubercle : tlie lower part 

 of the neck is furrounded by a collar of milk-white down or 

 fine plumes, rcprefenting exaftly a tippet of white fur. The 

 extent of the bird, from wing's end to wing's en^, was faid 



to 



