WAR 



WAR 



ill alternation with others, leftures on civil law, and the law 

 of nature and nations. His firll produftion as a writer was 

 a fmall Latin effay, containing rules for compoiition, pub- 

 liihed in 1712. In 1720 he was chofen profelTor of rhe- 

 toric in Grefliam college; and in 1723 a fellow of the 

 Royal Society, having in that year tranflated into Latin 

 Dr. Mead's treatife on the plague. To Vofliiis's " Ele- 

 menta Rhetorica," printed in 1724, he added a valuable 

 appendix, " De Ratione Interpungendi." He engaged in 

 the controverfy between Dr. Mead and Dr. Middleton con- 

 cerning the condition of phyficians in ancient Rome ; and 

 he annexed to Horfley's " Britannia Romana" an " Eflay 

 on Peutinger's Table fo far as it relates to Britain." In 

 1736 he became a member of the Society of Antiquaries, of 

 which he was afterwards fice-prefident. His " Lives of the 

 Grelham Profeflbrs" was publifhcd in 1740; and in 1751 

 he was honoured by the univerfity of Edinburgh with the 

 title of LL.D. When the Britirti Mufeum was eftabliflied 

 itt 1753, he was chofen one of the truftees, to which he 

 rendered confiderable fervice by his advice and co-operation 

 in forming the rules of that important and ufeful inftitution. 

 Notwithftanding the variety of his literary occupations, and 

 his ftudious habits, he prolonged his life to his 80th year, 

 and died in 1758. After his death, a valuable work, which 

 he had prepared for the prefs, was publiflied, entitled " A 

 Syftem of Oratory, delivered in a Courfe of Leisures pub- 

 licly read at Grefham College," in 2 vols. 8vo. The 

 Tranfadlions of the Royal and Antiquarian Societies con- 

 tain feveral of his papers, chiefly on fubjefts of antiquity. 

 In hi? religious profeflion he was a Proteftant diflentcr, dif- 

 tinguilhed by rational piety, and great moderation and 

 candour towards perfons of all perfuafions. To pcrfons 

 engaged in literary purfuits he was ready at all times to 

 communicate advice and afliftance ; and his modefly was 

 equal to his learning. Nichols' Lit. Anccd. Gen. Biog. 



Unfortunately, before we perufed Dr. Ward's Lives, &c., 

 fays a coadjutor, we had read Fontcnelle's Eloges of the mem- 

 bers of the Royal Academy of Sciences at Paris ; pane- 

 gyrics, which not only afford amufcment, but inflruftion to 

 readers ; as that elegant and ingenious writer fo defcribes 

 the fcience, learning, and peculiar charafter and abilities of 

 each individual whom he celebrates, that the reader of tafte, 

 if neither fcientific nor learned before he has feen thefe 

 Eulogies, becomes both in the courfe of perufal. 



But Mr. Prof. Ward's work, fays Dr. Burney, neither 

 amufes us by the grace, dignity, or eloquence of ftyle, 

 nor inftrufts by its Icience. His materials are fcanty, nor 

 has he fufficicntly applied to ufeful purpofes thofe which 

 he had amaffed. The genealogy of the profeflbrs is all that 

 he has laboured, and that not very fucccfsfully. Our chief 

 inquiry of him was confined to the mufic-prolcfTors ; but we 

 obtained no information concerning any one of them, except 

 Dr. Bull ; and all he knew of that great mufician he had 

 from Dr. Pcpufch, the ftudious, learned, and worthy or- 

 ganift of the Cliarter-Houfe. Out of thirteen profcifors of 

 mufic, who had liad the honour of being placed in the chair, 

 after Bull, previous to the year 1740, when Ward's bio- 

 graphical work was piihlKlied, there appears no rcafon for 

 the eleftion of any one of them for their mufical fcience or 

 talents, except Dr. Bull. None of the reft had ever diftin- 

 guifhcd themfelves either in the theory or praflice of mufic, 

 or been authors of any work on the art or fcience, which 

 could qualify them for becoming candidates for the pro- 

 feflbrfhip. 



The long and dry lift of Dr. Bull's fugitive pieces is 

 given in a language now utterly obfolctc, and unintelligible 

 to the generality of readers. 



Waui), , an Enghfti madrigahft of the fecond clafs, 



during the reign of James I. Ward was one of the firft 

 who transformed his madngals into fancies for lutes and 

 viols. No inftrument, except the organ, had been much 

 cultivated in England at this time ; fo that fonatas, folos, 

 or concertos, were wholly unknown to us ; and like our 

 betters, the ancient Greeks, our inftruraents had nothing 

 but vocal mufic to perform : in chorufes, douBling the 

 voice parts in unifons and oftaves, and playing noraes, and 

 other vocal airs, for their folos. 



Ward, War da, CuJloJy, or Keeping. See Guard. 



Ward is a word ufed in our Lazu Books, in divers figni- 

 fications. Thus, a ward, in London, is a part of the city, 

 committed to the fpecial charge of one of the aldermen of 

 the city. There are twenty-iix w.irds in London, which 

 are as hundreds, and the parifties thereof as towns. 



A foreil is alfo divided into wards ; fo alfo are moft of 

 our hofpitals. See Hospital. 



A prifon is fometimes alfo called a ward. 



The heir of the king's tenant, who held by knights- 

 fervice, or in capite, was alfo called a ward, during 

 his non age. But this fort of wardfliip is taken away by 

 the ftatute 12 Car. II. cap. 24. See Guardian, ia 

 ClAvalry. 



Ward, JVatch and. See Watch. 



Ward, Cajlk. See Castle. 



Vf xixu-Room, the apartment in a fliip in which the oiEcers 

 mefs, &c. next under the captain's cabin. 



Ward, Warda, IVarJagium, is alfo ufed, in our Ancient 

 Writers, for the cuftody of a town or caftle, which the 

 tenants and inhabitants were bound to keep at their own 

 charge. See Wardship. 



Ward'j Medicines, a denomination given to certain me- 

 dical nollrums, originally prepared and difperfed by Mr. 

 Ward, and which were fome years ago much celebrated for 

 their efficacy in a variety of diforders. 



The metliods of compounding the principal of thefe me- 

 dicines was communicated to the pubhc about fifty years 

 ago by I. Page, efq., to whom Mr. Ward left his book of 

 receipts ; and in order to their being procured at a cheap 

 rate, his late majefty fettled a penfion on Meifrs. Wiiiteand 

 Ofterman, the two chemifts who had been employed by 

 Mr. Ward in preparing them, on condition that the profits 

 arifing from the fale of them fliould be applied to the fup- 

 port of the Afylum and Magdalen charities. 



Thefe medicines are the red pill and emetic fack drop, 

 the white drop, fvvcating powders, liquid fweat, pafte for 

 piles and fillulas, dropfy purging powders, and effence for 

 the head-ache. 



The mctliod of preparing the antimony for the pill and 

 drop is as follows : — The fineft and pureft crude antimony is 

 powdered, and ten or twelve ounces of it put into an earthen 

 unglazcd pan that holds three or four quarts, and fet on a 

 fire ; tlie mafs is ftirred with an iron fpatula, and the fire 

 raifcd till it fends forth fumes, and a flame like burning 

 brimllone ; and the fame degree of fire is continued, and 

 the mafs ftirred, till lui fumes cfcape from it, and it becomes 

 a grey or afli-colouied powder. If it ihould melt and run 

 into lumps, it muft be taken out of the p.iii, and pounded 

 again, and then put In and ftirred as before, till it be tho- 

 roughly caitinod. Then four ounces of the crude matter 

 muft be added ; and the proccfs repeated, till a fufficient 

 quantity has been thus prepared. The procefs muft be 

 performed in a chimney, left the fumes (liould injure tlic 

 operator. Into a clean crucible, liolding about a quart, 

 jMjt about two pounds of the calcined antimony ; fct it in a 

 melting furnace, and make a gradual fire under it ; put coaU 



round 



