WATER. 



Of thefe ingredients, neither the carbonate of lime nor 

 magnefia are foluble in water, nor can be rendered fo, with- 

 out a tedious procefs of impregnating the water, through 

 which they are difFufed, with carbonic acid gas. But if we 

 adopt Dr. Murray's views, and confider a pint of this water 

 as aftually containing of 



Cub. Inches. 

 Carbonic acid gas 1 7 



Muriate of hme 

 Muriate of magnefia 

 Muriate of foda 

 Carbonate of foda 



Grains. 



3-3 

 5 



7.8 

 10.3 dry, or 18 cryftallized. 



26.4 



•we can eafily imitate its compofition in the following 

 manner : 



About 35 grains of muriatic acid, of the ftrength ufually 

 met with in the fliops, are to be put into a ftrong bottle, 

 with a pint of water, the acid being introduced to the bot- 

 tom of the water by a long funnel. Three grains of pure 

 white marble in coarfe powder are then to be dropped in, 

 and the bottle clofcd. When thefe are dilTolved, five grains 

 of the common carbonate of magnefia in powder are to be 

 added ; and after the folutioii of this, 32 grains of cryftal- 

 lized carbonate of foda, or what is equivalent to this, and 

 preferable, as affording more carbonic acid, 27 grains of 

 bicarbonate of foda, are to be put in. The bottle is to be 

 clofed accurately, fhaken, and inverted. In a rtiort time 

 a perfeft folution takes place, and a liquor is obtained 

 tranfparcnt, which fparkles when poured out, has a plea- 

 fant tafte, and in its compofition refembles the Seltzer 

 water. 



It might be fuppofed, fays Dr. Murray, that fo large a 

 proportion of carbonate of foda could not exiil with the 

 muriates of magnefia and lime, without decompofing them ; 

 but on making the experiment, it was found that the above 

 quantities might be diifolved in a pint of water, indepen- 

 dently of the excefs of carbonic acid, without any apparent 

 decompofition ; the folution remaining tranfparent, even on 

 expofure to the air. 



Upon fimilar principles may the compofition of almoft 

 every other mineral water be readily imitated. 



We have an agreeable imitation of acidulous waters, under 

 the term of what is called the effervefcing draught. This 

 confifts of two folutions, one of an alkaline carbonate, and 

 the other of the citric or fome other vegetable acid, which 

 are jJirefted to be mixed together, and fwallowed during 

 the aft of effervefcence. A more portable form of this 

 grateful draught is to be obtained in the fliops, under the 

 name of Sothnc potvders, Seidlet% powders, &c. in which 

 the requifite proportions of alkali and acid in their dry ifate 

 are formed into feparate little packets, one of each of which 

 is direfted to be dilTolved feparately in water, and the two 

 folutions to be then mixed, and fwallowed during the aft of 

 effervefcence, as before. 



The following, therefore, may be laid down as a general 

 rule for the artificial preparation of mineral waters : — Afcer- 

 tain, upon Dr. Murray's principles, the precifc propor- 

 tions of the mojl foluble falts that can be prefent in any 

 given water ; difiblve fimilar proportions of the fame falts 

 in an equal quantity of water, and a compound water v/ill 

 be obtained, precifely fimilar in its compofition to the 

 original. 



Catalogue of the mnfl important mineral Waters The fol- 

 lowing catalogue is intended to comprife the principal 

 mineral waters of Great Britain, and fome of the more im- 

 portant ones of other countries. Our readers will recolleft 

 that, in the preceding article, we divided natural waters 

 into potable, fal'me, chalybeate, acidulous, fulphureous, and 

 thermal, and defcribed the general chemical and medicinal 

 properties of each clafs, as well as of their compounds. 

 To prevent repetition, and to fave room, therefore, we have 

 attempted to refer the different fprings, mentioned in the 

 following catalogue, to one or other of the above claffes : 

 thus, when a fpring is ftated to be faline, its general com- 

 pofition and properties are to be underftood to refemble the 

 clafs of fal'me «-aters ; and fo of the reft. 



The moderns have very properly exploded the old notion 

 of the myilerious mAfpecific operation of particular fprings. 

 But even if this cogent reafon for generalization did not 

 exift, it would be impoflible, in a work of the prefent defcrip- 

 tion, to defcend to all the minutias of analyfis, &c. fuppofing 

 them to be known, which is far from being the cafe : we 

 have thought proper, however, to give a few of the more 

 interefting and inftruftive recent analyfes of fome of the 

 moft important fprings. 



Thofe fprings marked thus *, in the following lift, are 

 more particularly defcribed in the preceding article, as 

 examples of the different claffes. 



Ahcourt. An acidulous chalybeate fpring. See Ab- 



COURT. 



Aberbrothick, or Arbroath. An acidulous chalybeate 

 fpring. See Aberbrothick. 



■ABon. A faline fpring. See Acton. 



Aghaloo, Tyrone, Ireland. A fulphureous fpring llightly 

 faline. 



* Aix-la-Chapelle. Sulphureous thermal fprings. See 

 Aix-la-Chapelle. 



Alford. A faline fpring. See Alford. 



Alkerton, near Gloucefter. A faline fpring. 



Anadujff", Leitrim. A weak fulphureous fpring flightly 

 faline. 



AJhiuood, Fermanagh, A fulphureous fpring llightly 

 faline. 



AJheron, Yorkfhire. A ftrong fulphureous fpring 

 flightly faline. 



Aflrope, Oxfordftiire. An acidulous chalybeate fpring. 



Afwarby, Lincolnlhire. A fahne chalybeate fpring. 



Athlone, Weftmeath. A chalybeate fpring flightly 

 faline. 



d' Ax-en-foix, France. Sulphureous thermal fprings, in 

 repute as baths. 



Baden. Sulphureous fpringg, formerly in much repute as 

 baths. See Baden. 



Bagnigge-lVells. Two fprings, one faline, the other 

 chalybeate. See Pancras. 



Baia. Thermal fprings, in much repute among the Ro- 

 mans. See Bai;e. 



Balaruc. Saline thermal fprings. See Balaeuc. 



Ballycajlle. Two chalybeate fprings, one in which the 

 iron is in combination with carbonic acid, the other with 

 fulphuric acid. See Ballycastle. 



Ballynahinch, Downftiire. A fulphureous fpring, faid to 

 contain iron. 



Bagneres, France. Thermal fprings, in much repute aa 

 baths. See Bagneres. 



Baljlon, North America. A highly acidulous chalybeate 

 fpring. According to the recent analyfis of a French 

 cheraift, 25 Huid ounces contain of 



D 2 Carbonic 



