WAT 



WAT 



WATERTIGHT Stuff denotes clay, or any other 

 tenacious and compaft foil, which will hold water. 



WATERTOWN, in Geography, a town of Maffa- 

 chufetts, in the county of Middlefex, containing 153 1 in- 

 habitants; 7 miles W.N.W. of Bofton.— Alfo, a town of 

 Connefticut, in the county of Litchfield, containing 1714 

 inhabitants ; 26 miles N.N.W. of New Haven. 



Watertown, a poft-townfliip of New York, the capital 

 of Jefferfon county, and a place of depofit for the mihtary 

 ftores of the ftate of New York. It lies near the mouth of 

 Black river, about 80 miles N.W. of Utica, and was firft 

 created into a town in March i8lo, from a part of Mexico, 

 then in Oneida county, and comprifed alfo Rutland and 

 Hounsfield. Its extent is about fix miles fquare. The in- 

 habitants are principally emigrants from the eaftern ftates. 

 Here are about 200 dwelling-houfes, eight fchool-houfes, a 

 court-houfe and gaol, together with a lodge and arfenal for 

 military ftores. Here are alfo eight grift and faw -mills, one 

 paper-mill, one wool-carding machine, five diftilleries, two 

 breweries, a printing-office and weekly paper, a fmall air- 

 furnace, and many common mechanics. It promifes to be 

 a place of much bufinefs. Pot and pearl afhes are manufac- 

 tured in abundance, and fent in boats to Montreal. By the 

 cenfus of 1810, the population confifts of 1849 perfons ; 

 and here are 308 fenatorial eleftors. 



Watertown, or Jefferfon Village, is a flouriftiing poft- 

 viUage of Watertown, in Jefferfon county, on the fouth 

 bank of Black river, four miles from Brownville, and at the 

 fame diftance from navigable water communicating with 

 lake Ontario. The village contains about 50 dweUing- 

 houfes, fome of which are elegant. In its vicinity are a 

 quarry of good building lime-ftone, clay, and fand. Pine 

 and other timber are plentiful. 



WATERVILLE, a town of the diftria of Maine, and 

 <ounty of Kennebeck, containing 13 14 inhabitants. 



WATERVLIET, a large townihip of New York, in 

 the north-eaft corner of Albany county, 6 miles N. of Al- 

 bany ; extending 10 miles along the Mohawk, and 6\ miles 

 along the Hudfon, and having an area of about 52 fquare 

 miles, exclufive of feveral iflands in the Hudfon. Much of 

 the land is poor and barren, and the population is very un- 

 equally diftributed. Along the Hudfon are fome fine flats, 

 and in many places tlie river-hills are moderately fteep, and 

 afford good farming lands. The interior abounds with 

 ■fandy ridges, fome marfties, and wet land, wooded with 

 pine and a variety of dwarf ftirubbery, of little value. In 

 this townfhip are two fmall villages, -uiz. Wafhington, five 

 miles north of Albany, and Gibbon's Ville, oppofite Troy, 

 fix miles. The Cahoos, which are the principal falls of the 

 Mohawk, are between Watervliet and Halfmoon, in Sara- 

 toga county. The whole river Mohawk defcends in one 

 fheet at high water, about 70 feet ; and below the falls the 

 fpreading branches form iflands, which are attaclied to 

 this town : thefe are Haver ifland. Van Schaick's ifland or 

 Cahoos ifland, and Green ifland. In this town are 1092 

 white males, 1070 white females, 128 flaves, and 75 other 

 perfons; in all 2363 ; and 215 fenatorial eleftors. The 

 fettlement of the people called " Shakers" lies in the north- 

 weft part of this town, at a place called Nifliayuna, 8 miles 

 N.W. of Albany. They have a houfe of worftiip, and the 

 village contains about 150 houfes. A manufaftory of iron 

 fcrews has lately been erefted on the Mohawk, near Cahoos 

 bridge. 



Watervliet, a town of Flanders ; 12 miles E. of Sluys. 



WATERY Head. See Hydrocephalus. 



Watery Humoui: See Aqueous and Humour. 



Watery Lands, in Agriculture, all fuch as are largely 

 impregnated with and retentive of moiftare or wetnefs. 

 10 



Wlicrever water refts much upon laiide, it fours them, 

 and deftroys the finer herbage ; the remaining plants being 

 made to become coarfe and ftrong, but moftly un- 

 palatable, and of little value for ftock. They fhould, of 

 courfe, have the fuperabundant water removed from them, 

 and then be improved by fuitable fubftances applied a? 

 manures, and by other means, fuch as being flooded, in 

 fome cafes. 



By fuch methods, according to the nature of their wet- 

 nefs, fuch lands may moftly be brought into a good ftate of 

 improvement. See Bog, Fen, Morass, Marsh, and 

 Swamp ; alfo the lands of their feveral natures. 



Watery Poke, a name fometimes given to a difeafe in 

 flieep, from their having a fort of poke or bag hanging be- 

 low the top of their throats, fuppofed to be caufed by 

 water. See Sheep and Rot. 



Watery Sores, difeafes of the legs and pafterns of horfes 

 and fome other animals, in which there are watery fwellings 

 and fores, which difcharge an acrid watery fluid. They 

 moftly arife from bad feeding, and improper management 

 in dreffing and the ufe of exercife. 



The cure will commonly be effeftcd by giving ftrengthen- 

 ing remedies, with calomel and fquills in moderate dofes, 

 and by the gradual ufe of elaftic bandages to the parts. 



WATFORD, in Geography, a market-town in the hun- 

 dred of Caftiio, and county of Hertford, England, is 8 miles 

 S.E. from St. Alban's, 20 miles W.S.W. from the county- 

 town, and 14 miles N.W. from London. Previous to the Con- 

 queft, Watford formed part of Caihio, and under that ap- 

 pellation was given by king Off^a to the abbey of St. Alban's, 

 to which it continued attached till the time of the diflblution, 

 when the ftewardftiip of this and other adjacent manors was 

 given to John, lord Ruflel. James I., in the feventh year 

 of his reign, granted Watford to the lord chancellor Eger- 

 ton, in whofe defcendants, the dukes of Bridgewater, it 

 remained vefted till about the year 1760, when it was pur- 

 chafed by the then earl of Eflex, and is now the property of 

 the prefent earl. The town confifts principally of one ftreet ; 

 the houfes being ranged on the fides of the high road, and 

 extending in a north-wefterly direftion rather more than a 

 mile. The buildings are chiefly of brick, and many of 

 them very refpeftable. The police is under the direftion 

 of the refident and neighbouring magiftrates. A market, 

 which is now held on Tuefdays, was granted to the abbots 

 of St. Alban's for Watford by Henry I. ; and Edward IV. 

 gave them liberty to hold two annual fairs, which are now 

 increafed to four. The market-houfe is a long building, 

 rough-caft above, and fupported on wooden pillars beneath. 

 Corn is fold here in very large quantities ; and the number 

 of cattle, (heep, calves, and hogs, is proportionable. Em- 

 ployment for the labouring clafies is chiefly derived from 

 agriculture ; but an additional fource is furniflied by the 

 throwing of filk, three filk mills having been eftabliftied in 

 or near the town. The parifli of Watford comprehends, 

 with the town, the hamlets of Caftiio, Levefdon, and Ox- 

 hey. In the population return in the year 181 1, the num- 

 ber of inhabitants was ftated to be 3976, occupying 766 

 houfes. The church, a very fpacious edifice, confifts of a j 

 nave, three aides, and a chancel ; with a maffive embattled i 

 tower at the weft end, about 80 feet high. The church 1 

 contains feveral fine monuments, among which are two by j 

 Nicholas Stone. At the fouth fide of the church-yard is a ] 

 free-fchool, founded and endowed in the year 1704, by 

 Mrs. Elizabeth Fuller, for the education and clothing of j 

 forty boys and twenty girls : the government is vefted in 

 nine truliees, chofen out o*f the principal inhabitants of the 

 town. Here are alfo eight alms^houfes, for the maintenance ] 

 of fo many poor widows. 



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