WEIGHTS. 



Weights and Meafures, in Agriculture and Rural Eco- 

 nomy, are of great confequence to the land-owner and the 

 farmer, as being the proportions or quantities by which 

 various forts of produce, of the agricultural and other fuch 

 kinds, are difpofed of and fold. They are found to vary 

 very greatly in different diftrifts and parts of the country, 

 as well as in different places and towns of the fame diftrift 

 or county, and even in the markets of the fame town. Con- 

 fequently, the confufion, uncertainty, inconvenience, and 

 lofs which are thus produced, are often very great and 

 troublefome. We have already, in the preceding article, 

 obferved, that the two principal weights eftabliftied in Great 

 Britain are the troy and avoirdupois weights, and by thefe 

 moft of the articles of farm produce, and thofe of many 

 other kinds, are fold in this country. 



There are fome, however, that are difpofed of in other 

 ways, as will be feen below. 



However, as the diverfity of weights and meafures (in 

 different places) creates much perplexity and uncertainty in 

 the purchafe as well as difpofal of different forts of produce, 

 it would not only be highly defirable, but convenient and 

 advantageous, to have one univerfal ftandard or fyftem of 

 weights and meafures. For an account of the attempts 

 that have been made to obtain fuch a ftandard, fee 

 Standard. 



Different Weights and Meafures for Farm and other produce 

 by Troy Weight. 

 24 Grains make 1 Pennyweight 



20 Pennyweights - i Ounce 



12 Ounces - - I Pound. 



By this weight are weighed gold, filver, amber, bread, 

 corn, and all liquors — 14 oz. 11 dwts. 15^ grains, or 

 292 dwts. nearly, are equal to a pound avoirdupois. 



By Avoirdupois Weight, 

 16 Drams make i Ounce 



16 Ounces - . . i Pound 



28 Pounds ... I Quarter 



4 Quarters - - - 1 Hund. weight 



20 Hund. weight - - - I Ton. 



By this weight are weighed all the farm produce, fuch 

 as butter, cheefe, and many other articles ; and all metals, 

 except thofe of the finer kinds. In other cafes, 



7i Pounds make i Gallon of train.oil 



8 Pounds - - I Stone of butcher's meat 



14 Pounds - - I Stone of horfeman's weight 



19^ Hundreds - i Fodder of lead. 



In Wool Weight. 



7^ Pounds make i Clove 



I Stone 

 I Todd 



I Weigh or Wey 

 2 Weys ... I Sack 



12 Sacks ... I Laft, 



In Hay Weight. 

 56 Pounds of old hay, orl ^^^^ ^ ^^^^^ 



2 Cloves 



2 Stone 



6i Todds 



60 Pounds of new ditto 

 36 Truffes 



I Load. 



By Dry Meafure. 



2 Pints make i Quart 



2 Quarts - . . . i Pottlc 



2 Pottles .... I Gallon 



2 Gallons . . . . f Peck 



4 Pecks .... I Bufhel 



4 Bufhels .... I Coomb 



2 Coombs, or eight bufhels - i Quarter 



4 Quarters, or 32 bufhels in thel ^, ■ , 



I ^ ■ T ! r" I v^naluron 

 country, and 36 m London ^ 



5 Quarters . . . - i Weigh or Wey 

 2 Weys, or 10 quarters - - I Laft. 



By this meafure are meafured corn, fait, lead, ore, 

 oyfters, different other fuch matters, and all dry goods. 

 The ftandard Winchefter bufhe! is a cylinder 18^ inches 

 diameter, and 8 inches deep. 



3 Barleycorns 



1 2 Inches - 



3 Feet 



6 Feet - 



By Long Meafure. 

 make 



si Yards - 



40 Poles 



8 Furlongs 



3 Miles - 

 60 Geographical, or 

 695 Englifh miles 



360 Degrees - 



{■ 



{■ 



I Inch 

 I Foot 

 I Yard 

 I Fathom 

 Pole, rod, or 

 perch 

 I Furlong 

 I Mile 

 I League 



I Degree 



" The circumfe- 

 rence of the 

 Globe. 



This comprehends length only, as in the above cafes. 

 By Square Meafure. 



X44 Square inches make I Square foot 



9 Square feet . . . i Square yard 



100 Square feet . . . i Sq. of flooring 



272:J Square feet . . . i Square rod 



40 Square rods - - - I Square rood 



4 Square roods . - - i Square acre 



f I Square yard of 

 30 Square acres • - - •' - ■' 



100 Square acres - 

 640 Square acres - 



Square meafure comprehends length and breadth, and 

 is ufed in meafuring land, in paving, flooring, painting, 

 glazing, plaiftering, roofing. Hating, tyling, and for feveral 

 other rural purpofes. 



In land meafuring is ufed Gunter's chain, which is 

 4 poles or 22 yards, or 66 feet long, and contains 100 

 links, each link being 7.92 inches long. 



And 43560 fquare feet or 4840 fquare yards, or 160 

 fquare poles, that is, 160 poles in length and I pole in 

 breadth, or 4 fquare roods, or 10 fquare chains, that is, 10 

 chains in length and I chain in breadth, make an acre of 

 land. 



By Cubic or Solid Meafure, 



172S Cubic inches make i Cubic foot 



27 Cubic feet . . - i Cubic yard 

 40 Feet of rough timber 7 _ j Load 



50 Feet of hewn ditto j 

 This comprehends length, breadth, and thicknefs. 

 M m 



I land 

 I Square hide 

 I Square mile. 



And 



