WEIGHTS. 



I Wood a«re 

 I Day's math 



Perch of fencing 

 Perch of walling 

 Perch of land 

 Bufhel of grain 

 Bufhel of malt 



4 Larger than a ftatute, 



i. e. as 8 are to 5 

 About a ftatute acre of 

 meadow or grafs land, 

 being the quantity ufu- 

 ally mown by one man 

 in one day 

 7 Yards 

 l6{ Feet 

 5^ Yards (as ftatute) 

 10 Gallons 

 85 Gallons. 



In the Report on Agriculture for Shropihire, it is ftated, 

 that wheat, barley, and peas, are fold by the ftrike or 

 buihel, which, in Shrewft)ury market, is 38 quarts, but in 

 fome other markets it is 40 quarts. That the 38 quarts of 

 wheat fhould weigh yjlbs., the 40 quarts 8olb. In other 

 markets in the county, the bufhel of wheat does not weigh 

 more than yolbs. : this is chiefly applicable to the eaftern 

 diftrift of the county. The bufhel of flour is every where 

 c61bs. That 38 quarts of barley weigh about 65lbs. 

 That a bufhel of oats means three half bufhels of the cuf- 

 tomary meafure at Shrewfbury, and fhould weigh better 

 than 93lbs. But that in other markets it means 2^ bufhels, 

 fometimes heaped, fometimes ftricken, and fometimes a me- 

 dium between both. That a bag of wheat means three 

 bufhels cuftomary meafure. The quarter bufhel is called 

 a hoop or peck ; and the fourth of that is called a quarter. 

 Butter, when frefh, weighs 170Z. to the pound; when 

 falted, 16 oz. The lall is reckoned by the gawn, which fig- 

 nifies lilbs. of 16 oz. in Shrewfbury, and i61bs. of 16 oz. 

 at Bridgnorth. Cheefe is fold by the cwt., which, at Shrewf- 

 bury, means 12 libs., and ii3lbs at Bridgnorth. Coals are 

 fold by the ton, whicli is 20 cwt. of ii2lbs. at fome pits, 

 and i2olbs. at others : the ftack is now rarely ufed ; it was 

 a meafure of four feet fquare, and would fometimes weigh 

 25 cwt. Hay is fold by the ton, of 20 cwt. of ii2lbs. 

 Home-made hnen cloth is fold by the ell, which meafures 

 a yard and a half ; and it is added, that the acre is the 

 ftatute acre. That the workman's rood in digging is eight 

 yards fquare ; but in hedging eight yards in length. 



It is fuggeiled, too, that there is an error in the ftandard 

 meafure, that in the Exchequer not agreeing with the 

 requifitions of the 13 Will. III. c. 5. By which ftatute, 

 the bufhel is ordered to be 18:5: inches round, and 8 deep ; 

 St would confequently contain 



Cubic inches - - - - - 2150 



That in the Exchequer contains - - 2 1 24 



Eight of the ftandard gallons - - 2168 



Thirty -two ditto quarts ... 2240 



Sixty-four ditto pints ... 2027 



That the difference between the bufhel and 32 of the 

 quarts is, therefore, 116 cubic inches, or nearly three pints 

 and a half. 



It is ftated, too, that in the northern part of the North 

 Riding of Yorkfhire, the cuftomary bulTiel exceeds that of 

 the Winchefter, by full two quarts ; but nearer to the 

 fouthern extremity, feldom by more than one : the bufhel 

 of fome individuals in the Riding is ftill larger, meafuring 

 about 10 per cent, more than the ftatute requires. 



And further, that a ftone of wool in York market is 

 fixteen pounds, and four ounces in each ftone are allowed 

 for draught ; that is, for the draught of each fleece, the 

 wool-buyers being empowered by aft of parliament to weigh 

 each &eece feparaie/y, if they like. That at Ripon market, 



a ftone of wool is 16 pounds 12 ounces. And a ftone of 

 wool in the Waftern Moorlands is 17! pounds; the half 

 pound, the writer apprehends, is for draught, as in York 

 market. 



But that at Darlington, where the wool grown about 

 Richmond in that diftrift is chiefly fold, the ftone is 18 

 pounds. And that in the Eaftern Moorlands, the weights 

 ufed by individuals vary up to 19 pounds to the ftone. 



That the pound of butter in the Riding varies from 

 16 to 24 ounces. But that a ftone of all other commodities 

 throughout the whole of it is 14 pounds. 



In Cheftiire, though the variety in the weights and mea- 

 fures is very confiderable, it is lefs on the whole than in 

 fome other parts of the country. 



The weights in this diftrift are ufually the avoirdupois 

 1 1 2lbs. to the hundred weight. Some articles are fold by 

 what is called the long hundred of 1 2olbs. Cheefe is one 

 of thefe. Hay, too, is generally there fold by the cwt. 

 of i2olbs. 



Butter, in moft parts of the county, is difpofed of by 

 the pound weighing 18 ounces. In fome places it is fold 

 in lumps, made up in moulds of different forms, called 

 diflies, or half difhes. Thefe weigh 24 or 12 ounces each. 



Potatoes are ufually difpofed of by the bufhel weighing 

 90 pounds. 



Wheat by the bufhel weighing either 70 or 75 pounds. 



Oats by the bufhel weighing from 45 to jo pounds, as 

 the price and bargain may be. 



Oatmeal by the load weighing 240 pounds. 



Barley is fometimes fold by the bufliel of 60 pounds, 

 and fometimes by the meafure of 38 quarts. 



Malt by the meafure of 32 or 36 quarts. 



Land was formerly very generally meafured there by 

 what is called the Chefhire acre, containing 10,240 fquare 

 yards ; and this meafure ftill continues to be ufed to a 

 certain extent, particularly in the northern part of the 

 county. The ftatute acre is now, however, it is faid, in 

 much more general ufe. 



A rood of laiid is 64 yards. A rood of hedging, ditch. 

 ing, and other fuch operations, eight yards in length. And 

 a rood of marl is 62 cubic yards. 



In the Lancafhire Report on Agriculture, it is obferved, 

 that the rod is of no lefs than fix different lengths in dif- 

 ferent parts of the county ; namely, the ftatute, or <;i 

 yards, 6, 6^, 7, "j^, and 8 yards, to the rod, pole, or perch : 

 and that the meafures are equally variable. At Lan- 

 cafter a load of wheat, beans, and peas, is four and a half 

 bufhels (Winchefter); barley, fix Winchefter bufhels; 

 oats, feven and a half Winchefter bufhels : they have alfo 

 a meafure called a •windle, which is equal to three Win- 

 cheiler bufhels. But that wheat has been fold lately by 

 the weight of 28olbs. 



That at Ulverftone, a load of wheat is four and a half 

 Winchefter bufhels ; oats, fix Winchefter bufhels. And 

 that at Manchefter, a load of wheat is fixteen fcore ; a load 

 of oats, nine Winchefter bufhels ; a load of beans, five Win- 

 chefter bufhels ; a load of potatoes, twelve fcore and twelve 

 pounds, wafhed ; unwafhed, thirteen fcore. That Liverpool 

 town's bufhel is 34^ quarts for oats, barley, and beans, 

 making exaftly 36 quarts Winchefter, or one-eighth more 

 than a Wincheiler bufhel, and by the cuftom of trade, one 

 given in at every fcore, or twenty-one bufhels ; of late, 

 wheat, barley, and oats, have been fold by weight, but 

 never yet beans ; wheat, 7olbs. to the bufhel ; barley, 6olbs. ; 

 and oats, 45lbs. : and probably this mode by weight is the 

 faireft for both a buyer and feller ; for, befides the difficulty 

 of getting a true ftandard bufhel or meafure, the dexterity 

 M m 2 of 



