WEN 



continued his attachment to Charles II. while in exile, to 

 whom he is faid to have made a remittance of 10,000/. On 

 the eve of the Reftoration he was deputed by the corpora- 

 tion of London to gjo with general Monk to Breda, to con- 

 duft tlie king to England. The munificence and charities 

 of fir Thomas were exemplary : among other memorials, is 

 an Arabic profeflbrfhip founded by him in the univerfity of 

 Cambridge. He died February 24. 1667, in the Silt year 

 of his age. Near this town, in 1640, was born William Wy- 

 cherley, a celebrated dramatic writer, who died January i. 

 1715. In the fame houfe which gave him birth, was alfo 

 born John Ireland, author of the " Illuftrations of Ho- 

 garth," and otherwife well known in the literary world. — 

 Beauties of England and Wales, vol. xiii. Shropfhire. By 

 Rylance, and J. Nightingale, 181 1. 



WEMBDINGEN, a town of Bavaria ; lo miles E. of 

 Nordhngen. N. lat. 48'' 51'. E. long. 10° 40'. 



WEMBERG, a town of Bavaria, in the landgraviate 

 of Leuchtenberg ; 6 miles S.W. of Leuchtenberg. 



WEMDALEN, a town of Sweden, in Hardjeadalen ; 

 107 miles W.N.W. of Sundfwall. 



WEMISTITZ, a town of Moravia, in the circle of 

 Znaym ; 4 miles S.W. of Krumau. 



WEMMERBY, a town of Sweden, in the province of 

 Smaland ; 50 miles N. of Calmar. 



WEMO, a town of Sweden, in the government of Abo ; 

 22 milt-s N.W. of Abo. 



WEMYSS, a fea-port town of Scotland, in the county 

 of Fife, on the N. fide of the Frith of Forth ; a burgh of 

 barony governed by bailies and a council : it has a good 

 harbour, and feveral veflTels belong to it, chiefly employed in 

 the carrying trade. Coals and fait are the only exports ; 

 4 miles N.E. of Kirkcaldy. N. lat. 56° 9'. W. long. 



Wemyss, Eajler, a town of Scotland, in the county 

 of Fife, on the coaft, but without a fafe harbour : here are 

 the ruins of a caftle ufually called Macduff's Caftle, faid to 

 have been built by Macduff, who was created carl of Fife, 

 in 1057, by Malcolm Canmure ; 5 miles N.E. of Kirk- 

 caldy. 



WEN, in Surgery, an encyfled fweUing, the particular 

 nature of which is defcribed in the article Tumours. See 

 alfo Atheroma, Meliceris, and Steatoma, which are 

 technical names applied to the three principal varieties of 

 encyfted tumour^. Scarpo's obfervations on encylled fvvell- 

 ings of the eye-lids, will be found in another place. See 

 Eye-lid. 



Wen, in Animals, a flelhy fubftance growing out of any 

 part of an ammal's body, and which not unfrequently 

 proceeds fron b'ows, bruifes, drains, and other flight 

 accidents of the fame nature, moft commonly beginning 

 or taking its origin in the Hcin of fome part, and gradually 

 enlarging by a continual accumulation in the difealed part, 

 until by time it becomes of a very confiderable fize in fome 

 cafes. 



Enlargements of this nature are feldom painful, and in 

 many inftances they are of feveral years duration before 

 they ever reach any great magnitude ; becoming quite in- 

 dolent and fomewhat like the natural Hefh, having rarely 

 any other fenfible effeft than that of caufing a deformity 

 and weight in the parts where they happen to be fituated. 

 The fubftance of them is, for the moft part, of a fort of 

 flefhy and often fpongy nats re, though, in fome cafes, there 

 IS a kind of fponginels mi- rd with a degree of hardnefs, 

 and occafionally a frirrlious or cai.cerous difpofition ac- 

 companies them, efpecially when they take place in the 



WEN' 



. neighbourhood of parts which are of the more glandulous 

 kind. ° 



In moft real cafes of this nature, the wen is contained in 

 a fort of cyft or bag, which arifes tVom the injured velfels 

 of the part, and is formed as it flowly advances ; and which 

 inclofes the whole fubftance, augmenting in thicknefs as well 

 as fize as it increafes. 



In the removal and cure of cafes of this fort when they 

 make their appearance on any part of an animal'b body, 

 trials fhould firft be made to diffolve and difperfe them by 

 proper means, fuch as camphorated fpirituous and mercu- 

 rial applications : and where this cannot be accomplilhed, 

 as is often the cafe, the ufe of the knife or cauftic muft be 

 had recourfe to for the purpofe of taking them off or de- 

 flroying them. In circumftances where the wens are of the 

 pendulous fort, and hang only by a fmall neck root, they 

 may frequently be eafily and conveniently removed by the 

 ufe of a ligature of the fame kind as is employed in taking 

 up large blood-veffels, applying it fo as that it may be capa- 

 ble of being gradually made tighter as there may be occafion, 

 until the fubftance drops off"; the part being afterwards 

 drefled and healed by the common digeftive ointment or 

 cerate. Bathing and wafhing the part frequently with the 

 tinfture for wounds is alfo, in fome cafes, of great utility. 

 See Tumour, and Wound, in jinimah. 



However, in cafes where wens have large broad-bottom 

 root parts which are of a knotty ftringy nature, the cure, 

 if prafticable, is to be attempted by extirpation, or the 

 ufe of rather mild cauftics, drefiing the parts as in the cafe 

 of wounds. It is fometimes the beft and fafeft praftice, 

 however, to meddle as little as pofTible with wens of this 

 fort. 



When enlargements of the wenny kind take place on the 

 legs and heels of animals, as is often the cafe in the horfe, 

 in the more fimple kinds of them, the cure may be fome- 

 times effefted by the ufe of applications fuch as hot vine- 

 gar and alum ; but in cafe bloody matter be extravafated, 

 fuppuration ftiould be promoted by the ufe of ftimulant 

 ointments and waflies, and the parts be opened when proper 

 by means of a lancet in a fuitable depending fituation, the 

 openings being drefled by the wound ointment and tinc- 

 ture. 



In thefe wenny enlargements, the contents are of differ- 

 ent kinds, fometimes watery, and at others of a fuety or 

 thick pally nature ; which, if care be not taken to digefl; 

 well out, together with the cyft, will not unfrequently col- 

 left and fill again. In fome inftances, the ftiorteft method 

 would be to extirpate them by means of the knife, which, 

 when well performed, and the flcin properly preferved, 

 would leave little deformity. However, fome of thefe 

 forts of enlargements are beft let alone, as thofe of the 

 watery kind in particular, which will wear away infenfibly 

 in many inftances, without any application except a little 

 camphorated mercurial ointment. 



Wens of Pearl. See Pearl. 



WENBACH, in Geography, a river of France, which 

 runs into the Rhine, 3 miles above Drufenheim. 



WENCESLAUS, or Winceslaus, in Biography, the 

 fon and fucceffor of Charles IV., whom he fucceeded as 

 emperor of Germany and king of Bohemia, in his 17th year. 

 In the progrefs of his life, he became notorious both for 

 cruelty and debauchery, and for the moft extravagant pro- 

 fufion, for the means of which he had recourfe to the moit 

 flagitious condutt. 



His extravagance, however, became at length fo in- 

 tolerable, that the Bohemians, in 1396, with the advice of 



his 



