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the N. by the Dutch ftates, on the W. by the Netherlands, 

 and elfewhere by the circles of the Rhine, Upper and 

 Lower. The ancient Saxons were divided into Weftpha- 

 lians, Angrians, and Eaftphalians. The people inhabiting 

 between tihe Wefer and the Rhine, were called IVeJIphalians, 

 and the traft of country inhabited by them, has from thence 

 been called Wejlphalla. The ducliy of that name, in the 

 eleftoral circle of the Rhine, conitituted a part of this 

 country ; but the circle of Weftphalia comprifed alfo under 

 it other countries, which never belonged to the above-men- 

 tioned Wellphalia. And thus we muft carefully diftinguifh 

 from each other the three denominations, which are, the 

 circle of Wellphalia, WeftphaHa itfelf, and the duchy of 

 that name. Formerly, not only certain ftates were reckoned 

 in this circle, wliich at prefent no longer belong to it, as 

 Utrecht, Guelderland, Zutphen, the bifhopric and city of 

 Cambray ; but in other refpefts, alfo, the ancient and the 

 modern lifts of the countries of the Weftphalian circle 

 differ greatly from each. The following appeared to be 

 ftates of the Weftphalian circle before the peace of Lune- 

 ville, iif'z. the biflioprics of Paderborn, Munfter, Liege, 

 and Ofnabriick ; the duchy of Verden ; the principality of 

 Minden ; the abbeys of Corvey, Stablo, Werden, Cornelius 

 Munfter, EfTeii, Thorn, and Hervorden ; the duchy of 

 Cleves, with the county of Mark ; the duchies of Juliera 

 and Berg, Naftau Siegen, and Naftau Dillenburg ; the 

 principalities of Eaft Friefland and Menrs ; the counties of 

 Sayn, Wied-Runkel, Schauenburg, Oldenburg, Delmen- 

 horft, Lippe, Bentheim, Tecklenburg, Hoya, Virnenburg, 

 Diepholz, Spiegelberg, Rietberg, Pyrmont, Gronsfeld, 

 Reckheim ; the figniories of Anhak and Winneburg ; the 

 county of Holzapfel ; the figniories of Witten, Blanken- 

 heim, Geroldftein, Gehmen, Gimborn and Neuftadt, Wic- 

 kerad, Mylendonk, and Reichenftein ; the county of 

 Kerpen and Lommerfum ; the figniory of Schleiden, and 

 the county of Hallermund, to which in the matricula are 

 reckoned moreover to belong the figniories of Dyck, 

 Severn, Kniphaufen, Keyl, Mechernick, Eyfs, Schlenacken, 

 Wylre, Richold, Dreyz, and Schonau, together with the 

 cities of Cologne, Aix-la-Chapelle, and Dortmund. The 

 fummoning princes, and direftors of the circle, were the 

 bilhop of Munfter, and with him alternately the eleftors of 

 Brandenburg and Palatine, as dukes of Cleves and Juliers, 

 both of whom in this direftory enjoyed together but one 

 voice. The diets of the circle were ufually appointed at 

 Cologne. The archives belonging to it were kept at 

 Dufleldorf. The contribution of this circle in men and 

 money, to the aids of the empire, was made equal to the 

 contributions of Upper and Lower Saxony, Burgundy, 

 and Swabia, and rated at fomewhat more than the ninth, 

 but lefs than the tenth part of the whole fum granted by 

 the empire. With relpeft to religion, this circle was one 

 of the mixed. Indeed the Catholic ftates ufed to nominate 

 two, and the Proteftant alfo the like number of afleftbrs, 

 to affill at the Imperial and chamber court of the empire. 

 By the peace of Luneville, all that part of the circle which 

 lay on the left bank of the Rhine, was ceded to France. 



Westphalia, (Duchy of,) a country of Germany, 

 bounded on the N. by the bifhopric of Munfter and county 

 of Lippe, on the E. by Paderborn, Waldeck, and Hefle ; 

 on the S. by Witgenftein, Nafl"au, and Berg ; and on the 

 W. by Berg and Mark ; about forty miles in extent from 

 N. to S. and thirty-two from E. to W. Agreeably to its 

 natural fituation, this county is divided into three parts. 

 The firft of thefe, called the Hdlivege, is low, and produces 

 plenty of com and other neceffaries, with a fufEcient breed 

 of cattle and falt-fprings. The fecond is the Haarfirani, 



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which ftands fbmewhat higher, between Hellnuege and the 

 Sunderland, and has indeed a good, but not fo fruitful a 

 foil as the Hellnvege. The third is the Sunderland, com- 

 monly called the Surland, or Saarland, which confifts of 

 hills and vales. This traft indeed is neither of great, nor 

 even a fufficient fertihty in corn ; but, on the other hand, it 

 has fine woods and meadows, together with a good breed 

 of cattle, game, and fifti, in particular trout, as alfo plenty 

 of iron ore, calamy, lead, copper, filver, and gold. The 

 principal rivers are, the Ruhr, the Lenne, the Dimel, and 

 Lippe. The duchy of Weftphalia contains in it thirty-five 

 towns. Henry, duke of Bavaria and Saxony, being put 

 under the ban by the emperor Frederic I. in the year 

 I J 80, the latter made a donation of the duchy of Weft- 

 phalia, as alfo a part of the duchy of Engern, which be- 

 longed to the former, to the archbiftiopric of Cologne, and 

 invefted therewith the archbiftiop Phihp ; concerning which 

 donation, in the fame year, a record, or inftrument, was 

 executed at Gelnhaufen, and the faid donation confirmed 

 afterwards in the year 1200, by the emperor Otho IV., as 

 alfo in the year 1 204, by the emperor Philip. In the year 

 1368, Godfrey, the laft duke of Arenfberg, and his con- 

 fort Anne, ceded the county of Arenftjerg to the arch- 

 biftiopric of Cologne ; and, in the year 1371, the emperor 

 Charles IV. invefted the archbiftiop Frederic therewith. 

 The county was afterwards added to the ftiare of the duchy 

 of Engern. The archbiftiops and eleftors of Cologne 

 governed this duchy, till the year 1442, by marftials, but 

 afterward under the direction of an eleAoral baihff. Brilon 

 is the capital. In 1802, the duchy of Weftphalia was 

 given to the prince of Hefte Darmftadt. 



Westphalia, a kingdom formed of feveral principalities, 

 taken from the king of Pruflia, after the battle of Fried- 

 land, and acceded to at the peace of Tilfit. Weftphalia is 

 divided into eight departments. I. That of the Elbe ; 

 confifting of the greater part of the duchy of Magdeburg, ] 

 with the Old Mark of Brandenburg. Its population is ' 

 253,000 fouls : the chief place Magdeburg. 2. That of 

 Fuida: the chief place Caftel. It is compofed of a part of 

 Lower Hefte, of the countries of Paderborn, Corvey, 

 Minden, &c. Its population 239,502 inhabitants. 3. That 

 of the Harz : chief place Heihgenftadt. It confifts of : 

 Eichsfeld, of the cities of Mulhaufen and Nordhaufen, of ! 

 the principalities of Hohenftein, Grubenhagen, Blanken- 

 burg, &c. Its population is 210,989 fouls. 4. That of 

 the Leine: chief place Gottingcn. It is compofed of a part 

 of the principality of Grubenhagen, and of the countries 

 of Hildeflieim, Brunfwick, and Hefle. Its population is | 

 145,537 fouls. 5. That of the Ocher : chief place Brunf- ' 

 wick. It is compofed of the greater part of the duchy of 

 Wolfenbuttel, and the biftiopric of Hildeftieim. Its popu- 

 lation is 267,878 fouls. 6. That of Saal : chief place 

 Halberftadt. It is compofed of the principalities of Hal- 

 berftadt, Wernigerode, Quedlinburg, &c. The population 

 is 206,222 fouls. 7. That of the Werra : the chief place 

 Marburg. It confifts of Upper Heffe, the Hersfeld, &c. 

 The population is 254,000 fouls. 8. That of the Wefer : 

 the chief place Ofnabruck. It confifts of the bifhopric of 

 Ofnabruck, a part of Schaumburg ; and its population is 

 334,000 fouls. 



WESTPHALiA-ZTam. See Ham. 



WESTPOND Plantation, in Geography, a town of 

 the diftrift of Maine, in the county of Kennebeck, con- 

 taining 481 inhabitants. 



WESTPORT, a townfhip of Maft'achufetts, in the 

 county of Briftol, incorporated in 1787, with 2585 inha- 

 bitants ; 60 miles S. of Bofton. 



Westport, 



