W H E 



WHERN, in Natural Hiftory, a name given by fome of 

 our miners to a kind of flone found in ftrata, but of the 

 hardnefs and finenefs of flint. It is called alfo chert and 

 tucomia. 



WHERRY. See Vessel, Boat, &c. 

 Wherry, in Rural Economy, a provincial term applied 

 to a liquor made from the pulp of crabs after the verjuice 

 is expreffed. It has not unfrequently the name of crab- 

 wherry. See Verjuice. 



WHERWELL, in Geography, a village of England, 

 in the county of Hants. Here was formerly a convent of 

 nuns, founded by Elfrida, widow of king Edgar, to expiate 

 the murder of her firft huftand, Ethelwolf, and her fon-in- 

 law, prince Edward ; 4 miles S. of Andover. 



WHET-SLATE, or Whetstone Slate, and Hone, 

 French novaculite, anAfchifle cotlcule, in Mineralogy, a variety 

 of flate ufed for fti2rpening iron and Heel inftruments. ( See 

 Slate. ) The hght green coloured variety from the Le- 

 vant is confidered as the moft valuable. It is brouglit in 

 mafles to Marfeilles, and is there cut into pieces of various 

 fizes, and afterwards ground with fand or fand-ftone, and then 

 pplifhed with pumice and tripoli. Thefe whet-ftones or hones 

 fhould be kept in damp places, for when much expofed 

 to the fun, they become too hard and dry for many pur- 

 pofes. The powder of whet-flati. is ufed for cutting and 

 poliihing metals, and is by artills confidered as a variety of 

 emery. It is neceffary to the perfeftion of hones, that they 

 (hould contain no intermixed fubllances, fuch as quartz, &c. 

 (Jamefon's Mineralogy, fecond edition, vol. i. ) Whet-ilate, 

 approaching in appearance to foreign hones, occurs in the 

 upper part of Long Sleddale, in Weilmoreland ; and at 

 Howth, in Dublin bay. 



WHET-STONE, in Rural Economy, the foft ftone 

 ufually made ufe of in fharpening edge-tools of different 

 kinds. 



WHEWER, in Ornithology, a name ufed in fome parts 

 of England for the common wigeon. See Duck. 

 WHEY, the ferum, or watery part of milk. 

 In many diforders of the human body, where the llomach 

 will not bear milk, or when it is not proper, for other rea- 

 fons, whey may be given with great fuccefs. 



We have a diflertation of Fred. Hoffmann on this fubjeft, 

 De Saluberrima feri LaAis Virtute. Oper. torn. vi. p. 9. 

 This author recommends a particular kind of ferum or 

 whey, made by evaporating milk to a drynefs, and mixing 

 the refiduum with water. See Milk. 



There are various methods of making whey, vulgarly 

 known. That with oranges is very agreeable, and much 

 recommended by Dr. Cheyne, in his Nat. Method of curing 

 Difeafes. 



Whey, in Rural Economy, a term applied to the ferous 

 part of milk, from which the curd has been feparated. 

 There are two forts or colours of whey, the green and white ; 

 the latter is by much the richer, and that which chiefly af- 

 fords the butter of this kind. See Dairying. 



Whey, Alum, Serum Ahmmojum, a whey made with 

 alum ; in the proportion of two drachms of alum to one 

 pint of cow's milk boiled. 



This whey is beneficial in an immoderate flow lof the 

 menfes, and in a diabetes, or exceffive difcharge of urine. 

 The dofe is two, three, or four ounces, as the Itomach will 

 bear it, three times a day. 



WHEY-5a//i?/-, that which is made from the cream of 

 whey. It is commonly made in abundance in the dairy dif- 

 trifts after cheefe-making begins. See Dairying. 



WHEY-C«am, that which is coUefted from off the whey 



W H I 



and made into butter of this fort. A dairy covir ufually 

 affords eight or ten ounces of it weekly in fome dairies. See 

 Dairying. 



Whey, Mujlard, is made by boiling of bruifed muftard- 

 feed, an ounce and a half, in milk and water, of each a pint, 

 till the curd is perfeftly feparated, and ftraining the whey 

 through a cloth. This, fays Dr. Buchan, is the raoft ele- 

 gant, and by no means the leaft efficacious method of ex- 

 hibiting muilard : it warms and invigorates the habit, and 

 promotes the different fecretions. Hence, in the low ftate 

 of nervous fevers, it will often fupply the place of wine : it 

 is alfo of ufe in the chronic rheumatifm, palfy, dropfy, &c. 

 The dofe is a tea-cupful four or five times a day, which 

 may be fweetened with a little fugar. 



Whey, Scalding of, the heating of it and pouring it 

 over the curd in making cheefe. 



Whey, Scorbutic, is made by boiling half a pint of the 

 fcorbutic juices, in a quart of cow's milk. The fcorbutic 

 plants are, bitter oranges, brook-hme, garden fcurvy-grafs, 

 and water-creffes. 



Whey Springy Cheefe, the eyey fpongy cheefe of this 

 fort, caufed by being improperly made. 



Whey-7";/^, the veffel in which the whey Hands for yield- 

 ing the cream, 5cc. 



WHICHCOTE, Benjamin, in Biography, an eminent 

 divine of the Enghfh church, was born in March 1609-10, 

 of an ancient family at Whichcote-hall, in Shiopfhire ; and 

 having finifhed his education at Emanuel college, Cambridge, 

 in 1626, he paffed through the common degrees, and be- 

 came fellow of his college in 1633, and a diftinguifhed tu- 

 tor. In 1636 he took orders, and eftablifhed a lefture at 

 Trinity church, in Cambridge, and continued it for nearly 

 twenty years. It was his great objeft to fubflitute a fpirit 

 of fober and rational piety in the univerfity, inftead of the 

 enthufiafm and fanaticifm which then prevailed ; nor were 

 his efforts for this purpofe unavailing. Being married, and 

 having fettled on a living in Somerfetfhirc, his connexion 

 with the univerfity was for fome time interrupted ; but in 

 1644 he returned to it, as the fucceffor of Dr. Samuel Col- 

 lins, the ejefted provoft of King's, college, allowing to him 

 part of the emoluments that belonged to this office. In 

 1649 he took the degree of D.D., and was prefented 

 to the redlory of Milton, in Cambridgefliire. He is re- 

 prefented by bifhop Burnet as a friend to liberty of con- 

 fcience, and in order to promote rational and fublime ideas 

 of religion, he advifed tlie iludents to perufe the ancient 

 philofophers, efpecially Plato, Cicero, and Plotinus. At 

 the Reiloration he was deprived of his provoflfhip, and re- 

 moving to London, he was chofen minifter of St. Anne's, 

 Blackfriars, in 1662. Afterwards, when his church was 

 burnt down, he retired to Milton, but he was recalled to 

 London to the vicarage of St. Lawrence, Jewry, by pre- 

 fentation from the crown ; and he ferved this church with 

 great reputation till his death in 1683. 



After his death, a volume of his " Seleft Sermons," 8vo. 

 1 698, was publifhed, with a preface by lord Shaftefbury, au- 

 thor of the " Charafteriftics," by whom they were valued, 

 becaufe the author recognized that fenfe of the beauty of 

 virtue which is the foundation of his moral fyilera. Two 

 more volumes were afterwards publifhed by Dr. Jeffery, 

 archdeacon of Norwich, who, in 1703, prefented to the 

 public " Moral and Religious Aphorifms coUefted from Dr. 

 Whichcote's MS. Papers." A fourth volume was pub- 

 lifhed by Dr. S. Clarke in 1707, and reprinted in 1753 by 

 Dr. Salter, with large additions, and eight letters between 

 the author and fome of his friends on important fubjefts. 

 1 1 Thefe 



