WHO 



Mark a firmark acrofs the batton, fuppofcd to reprefent 

 the fide of the fquare, which muft always be fitted well 

 to the lower edge of the mould ; from which firmark, fup- 

 pofed to be the rifing for all the timbers, fet off clofe to 

 the edge of the batton the heels of all the timbers in 

 the fore-body, or the diftance in^?^. i. from the rifing-Une 

 to the upper edge of the rabbet of the keel, or beardmg- 



line. r 1 ■ 1, 



Then draw a margin for the cutting-down of the timbers, 

 and take the diftance m fg. i. from the rifing-line of each 

 timber to the cutting-down, and fet them off on the batton 

 for the cutting-down, as much above or below the firmark 

 on the batton as the cutting-down is above or below the 

 rifing at each timber. 



On the other fide of the batton may be put the after- 

 body. 



In fome boats or veffels, where the rifing and cutting- 

 down are farther afunder at the mid(hip-bend, then the bat- 

 ton will be as ufeful as the fquare ; but inftead of the mid- 

 dle-lines being marked on the lower fattock-mould, it will 

 be better to mark the fide of the keel, or where the keels 

 of the lower futtocks are intended to be, for the better ap- 

 plying the batton. 



If the heels of the lower futtocks do not run down 

 to the fide of the keel, it will alter the rifings on the 

 batton ; the heels being marked on the mould (hort of the 

 fide of the keel. 



The proper heels of the lower futtocks fiiould be 

 marked on the mould, though moulded by the fquare ; 

 for then the edge of the fquare might be put to the pro- 

 per mark on the mould for the heels of the timbers. 



The middle-lines marked on the lower futtock-mould 

 in the Flate, were intended only to fiiew that the method 

 of moulding the floors and lower futtocks were alike. 

 The fquare is the beft to mould the floors, becaufe the 

 middle-Unes are the propereil to be marked on the floor- 

 oioold. 



What has been faid may fufSce to (hew that whole- 

 moulding may, in fome meafure, be ufed, and yet form a 

 pleafing draught, much more fo than that of the boat in 

 Jig. I , if lefs ftowage were fufficient to anfwer the purpofe 

 for which (he is defigned. 



WHOLESOME Ship, in the Sea Language, one that 

 will try, hull, and ride well, without rolling or labouring 

 in the fea. A long (hip that draws much water may try, 

 hull, and ride well ; but if (he draws little water, (he may 

 try and ride well, but never hull well ; and a fhort (hip 

 that draws much water may hull well, but neither ride nor 

 try well ; and fuch is called an unmholefome (hip. 



•WHORE. See Courtesan, Harlot, Concubine, 

 &c. 



WHORL, in Botany. See Verticillus. 

 WHORLBAT, or Hurlbat, a kind of gasntlet, or 

 leathern ftrap, loaden with plumbets ; ufed by the ancient 

 Romans in their folemn games and exercifes ; and by them 

 called ciejlus. 



WHORLED Plants. See Verticillat^. 

 WHORLES of Flowers, among Herbalijls, are rows of 

 leffer flowers, fet at certain diftances about the main ftalk 

 or fpike, as in penny-royal, &c. 



WHORTLE-Berry, Bilberry, or Cranberry, in 

 Botany. See Vaccinium. 



The whortle-berry, with one fiower upon each footftalk, 

 oval-fawed leaves, which fall off in winter, and an angular 

 ftalk, called black tuhorti, or bilberries, grows very common 

 upon large wild heaths, in many parte of England, but is 



WHY 



never cultivated in gardens, it being with great difficulty 

 tranfplanted ; nor will it thrive long when moved thither. 

 The fruit is gathered by the poor inhabitants of thofe vil- 

 lages which are fituated in the neighbourhood of their 

 growth, and carried to the market-towns. Thefe are by 

 fome eaten with cream or milk ; they are alfo put into 

 tarts, and much efteemed by people in the North, but they 

 are feldom brought to London. 



The (hrub on which thefe grow rifes about two feet 

 high, having many ftems, which are garnifhed with oblong 

 leaves, (haped like thofe of the box-tree, but fomewhat 

 longer, and a little fawed on their edges. The flowers are 

 (haped like thofe of the arbutus, or ftrawberry-tree, of a 

 greeni(h-wliite colour, changing to a dark red toward the 

 top. The fruit is about the fize of large juniper-berries, 

 and of a deep purple colour, having a flue upon it when 

 untouched, like the blue plums, which is rubbed off vrith 

 handling. 



The whortle-berry with nodding bunches of flowers ter- 

 minating the branches, and oval leaves which are entire, 

 turned back and punftured on their under fide, called "vitis 

 idaa, and red whorts, is an ever-green (lirub, feldom rifing 

 above fix or eight inches high, with leaves like thofe of the 

 dwarf-box, which grows upon moors in fevcral parts of the 

 North, but is not capable of being eafily tranfplanted : the 

 berries are red, and have a more agreeable acid flavour than 

 thofe of the firft fort. 



The whortle-berries with oval, entire, reflexed leaves, and 

 naked, flender, creeping ftalks, called mofs -berries, moor- 

 berries, and cran-berries, produce branches Imall as thread, 

 and trailing upon the moffy bogs, which are garni(hed 

 with leaves refembling thofe of thyme, with the upper fur- 

 face of a fhining green, and white underneath. The berries, 

 which grow upon long flender foot-ftalks, fucceeding the 

 flowers, are round, red, and fpotted, of a (harp acid flavour, 

 and much efteemed for tarts, or eaten with milk or cream. 

 This is a native of bogs, and cannot be propagated upon 

 dry land. 



There are feveral other fpecies of this genus, fome of 

 which are natives of Spain and Portugal, others of Ger- 

 many and Hungary, and feveral of the northern parts of 

 America ; from whence thofe large fruits are brought to 

 England which are ufed by the paftry-cooks of London, 

 during the winter feafon, for tarts. But as all thefe forts 

 grow naturally in fwamps and bogs, they are not eafily 

 tranfplanted into gardens in their native country, fo as to 

 thpve or produce fruit ; therefore, there can be httle hope 

 of cultivating them to advantage. Miller. 



"WnoKrhY.-Berry, African, a fpecies of RoYENA. 



'^ nOKlLM-Berry, Bear's. See UvA Urji. 



WHUR, in Falconry, denotes the fluttering of partridges 

 or pheafants as they rife. 



WHY-EA-TEA, in Geography, a bay on theeaft coafl; 

 of Owhyhee. N. lat. 19° 44'. E. long. 204° 54'. 



WHYMEA Bay, a bay on the north coaft of the 

 ifland of Woahoo. N. lat. 21° 38'. E. long. 202° 51'. 



Whymea Road, a road on the fouth-weft coaft of the 

 ifland of Attowai. Captain Vancouver fays, this bay is 

 much confined in refpeiJl to fafe anchorage. 



WHYTE, Robert, in Biography, an excellent com- 

 pofer of church-fervices in the ftyle of Paleftrina, which, 

 however, he could not imitate, as he was anterior to him, 

 and a great matter of harmony before the produftions of 

 this chief of the Roman fchool were publilhed, or at leaft 

 circulated, in other parts of Europe. Whyte was dead in 

 1 58 1, when his Latin Full Anthems and Services were 

 beautifully tranfcribed in a fet of books, Hill preferved at 



Oxford ; 



