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WILDEBERG, a town of Pomerelia ; 2 miles S. of 

 Maricnburcr. 



WILDEMAN, atown of Weflphalia, in the principality 

 of Grubenhagen, near which are feme mines of filver and 

 lead ; 6 miles S.W. of Goflar. 



WILDENBERG, or Wildenborg, a town of the 

 dtichy of Berg ; 10 miles E. of Homberg. 



WiLDENBF.RG, a town and caftle of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the Rhine and Mofelle ; 10 miles W. of Kirn. 



WILDENBRUCH, a town of Hinder Pomerania ; 5 

 miles S. of Balm. 



WILDENECK, a town of the duchy of Carniola ; 10 

 miles S.E. of Stein. 



WILDENFELS, a town of Saxony, in the circle of 

 Erzgcbirg ; 5 miles S.E. of Zwickau. — Alfo, a citadel in 

 the territory of Nuremberg ; 3 miles W.S.W. of Bezen- 

 ftein. 



WILDENFURT, a town of Saxony, in the circle 

 of Neulladt ; 2 miles N.N.E. of Weyda. 



WILDENHOF, a town of Pruffia, in Natangen ; 23 

 miles S. of Brandenburg. 



WILDENS, John, in Biography, was born at Antwerp 

 in 1584. He became an admired painter of landfcapes, 

 but under whom he acquired the art is unknown. He ap- 

 pears to have been a diligent obferver of nature, and to have 

 tludied much in the open air ; as his ftudies of forefts, fields, 

 &c. are numerous. When he had obtained confiderable 

 reputation, his talents introduced him to the notice of 

 Rubens, who employed him to aflift in executing the land- 

 fcape parts of back-grounds, which he did with fo great 

 felicity, that there appears no diffimilarity in ftyles in the 

 pictures on which tliey both took their refpeftive parts. 

 Two of his beft pitlures are in the chapel of St. Jofeph at 

 Antwerp, embellifhed with figures by Lang Jan : the fub- 

 jeft of one is the Flight into Egypt, and of the other a 

 repofo. He died in 1644, aged 60. 



WILDENSCHWERT, in Geography, a town of Bo- 

 hemia, in the circle of Chnidim ; 9 miles E. of Ho- 

 henmaut. 



WILDENSTEIN, a town of Germany, in the mar- 

 gravate of Anfpach ; 7 miles S.E. of Creilfheim. 



WILDENTHAL, a town of Saxony, in the circle of 

 Erzgebirg ; 7 miles S.S.W. of Schwartzenberg. 



WILDERNESS, in Gardening. There is nothing fo 

 great an ornament to a large garden as a wildernefs, when 

 properly contrived, and judicioufly planted. 



The wildernefs fhould always be proportioned to the fize 

 of the garden, and fhould never be fituated too near the 

 houfe : becaufe the trees perfpire fo large a quantity of 

 watery vapours, as makes the air very unwholefome : 

 though vegetables ferve, as modern experiments have fuf- 

 ficiently afcertained, to purify and meliorate the air. See 

 Air. 



The wildernefs (hould never be fo placed as to block up 

 a good profpetl ; but where the view naturally ends with 

 the verge of the garden, or little more, nothing terminates 

 it fo well as a fine plantation of trees. The fize of the trees 

 fhould be confidered, and tall growing ones fliould be 

 planted in larger places ; fmaller, in lefs extenfive ; ever- 

 greens alio fhould be kept by themfelves, and placed mod 

 in fight, not mingled co.ifufedly among the trees which call 

 their leaves. The walks (hould be large and not numerous ; 

 the large walk is bell made fcrpentine, and this (hould not 

 be entered upon in the grand walks of the garden, but by 

 fome private walk. 



It is too common a method to difpofe the trees in wil- 

 derneffes, in form of regular fquares, trianglea, &c. but this 



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is faulty ; for as nature fhould be ftudied in thefe works of 

 fancy, the mofl irregular is the moft pleafing plantation. 

 The walks for the fame reafon are much more pleafing 

 when they run in wild meanders, than when they interfeft 

 one another in ftudied and regular angles. The winding 

 walks ihould be made to lead to an open circular piece of 

 grafs, with a ftatue, an obeliflc, or a fountain : or, if an 

 opening large enough for a banqueting-houfe be contrived 

 in the middle, it will afford a very pleafing fcene. The 

 trees fhould gradually rife from the fides of the walks and 

 openings, one above another, to the middle of the quarters, 

 where the largeft trees fhould fland, by which means the 

 heads of all the trees will appear in view, but their ftems 

 will not appear in fight. 



Not only the growth of trees is to be confidered in the 

 planting of a wildernefs, but their nakedneffes are to be 

 confidered and hid. The larger growing trees are allowed 

 a proportionable diftance, and their Hems hid by honey- 

 fuckles, rofes, fpirsas, and other low-flowering fhrubs. 

 Thefe may alfo be planted next all the walks and openings : 

 and at the foot of thefe, near the walks, may be fet rows of 

 primrofes, violets, and daffodils, with other the like flowers; 

 behind the firft rank of lower flowering fhrubs fhould be 

 planted thofe of a fomewhat higher ftature, as the althita- 

 frutlces, the cytifufes and guelder-rofes ; and behind thefe 

 may be rows of the talleft flowering fiirubs, as the lilacs, 

 laburnums, and the like ; and behind thefe, the heads only 

 of the lower growing trees will appear, which fhould be 

 backed gradually with thofe of higher growth to the centre 

 of the quarter ; from whence the heads of the trees fliould 

 defcend every way to the walks, or openings. The grand 

 walks and openings fhould always be laid with turf, and 

 kept well mowed ; but, befide thefe, there ought to be 

 fmaller ferpentine walks through the feveral quarters, where 

 perfons may retire for privacy ; thefe fhould be left 

 with the bare earth, only kept clear of weeds, and laid, 

 fmooth. 



Thefe walks fhould be made as winding as poflible, and 

 a few wood-flowers planted along their fides will have a 

 very good effeft. The ever-greens fliould be allotted a 

 pecuhar part of the wildernefs, and fuch as fronts the houfe ; 

 and in the planting of thefe, the fame regard is to be had to 

 their growth, that the talleft trees be planted hindmoft, and 

 their items hid by fhorter ones, and fo on, down to the 

 verge : as in the firft row may be planted lauruftines, boxes, 

 fpurge, laurels, junipers, and favins ; behind thefe, laurels, 

 hollies, and arbutufes ; next behind thefe, yews, alaternuffes, 

 phillereys, cyprefles, and Virginian cedars ; behind thefe, 

 Norway and filver firs, and the true pine ; and finally, be- 

 hind thefe, the Scotch pine and pinafter. Thefe will have 

 a very beautiful appearance, as their tops will only be feen, 

 and make a fheet of green, which may alfo be very beauti- 

 fully varied, from the artful admixtures of the feveral fhades 

 of green which the various plants have. 



In all thefe plantation;-, the trees, however, fhould not be 

 fet in formal ftiff rows, but in a loofe variety, proportioned 

 to their manner of growth. Miller. 



WILDERSDORF, in Geography, a town of Auftria, 

 on the Zeya ; 8 miles W.S.W. of Zifterftorf. 



WILDESHAUSEN, a town of Weftphalia, with a 

 diftrift formerly belonging to the archbifhopric and duchy 

 of Bremen, and afterwards to the duchy of Brnnfwick, in 

 which it is infulated. It is fituated on the Hante, and 

 contains about 312 houfes. The inhabitants are partly 

 Roman Catholics ; in the baihwick are 30 villa'fcs ; 20 

 miles S.S.W. of Bremen, N. lat. 52° 52'. E. long. 



WILDING, 



