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WILDING, in Rural Economy, a four auftere fort of 

 apple, often ufed with others that correft thefe qualities, 

 for making home cyder. See Cyder. 



Wilding, Royal, an excellent cyder-apple. It is faid, m 

 the Gloucefter Report on Agriculture, to be a native of 

 Dimock ; that it is a free, clean, and handfome grower ; 

 makes excellent cyder, is a great favourite among the 

 planters in the upper part of the foreft-diftrift of that 

 county, and is much introduced in the vale, on the eaft fide 

 of the Severn. See Cyder. 



WILDS, a term ufed by our farmers to exprefs that 

 part of a plough by which the whole is drawn forwards. 



The wilds are of iron, and are of the form of a gallows, 

 ■whence they are by fome called the gallows of the plough, 

 but improperly ; the gallows of the plough being properly 

 that part formed by the crow-ftaves, and the tranfverfe piece 

 into which they are mortifed at the top. The wilds confift 

 of two legs, and a tranfverfe top-piece : one of the legs, and 

 the top-piece, are all of one piece of iron ; and the other leg, 

 which is loofe, has a hole in the top, into which the end of 

 the tranfverfe piece is received : both thefe legs pafs through 

 the box of the plough, which is that tranfverfe timber 

 through which the fpindles of the wheels run. Thefe legs 

 are pinned in behind the box with iron pins : the holes 

 through the box at which thefe legs pafs, are not made at 

 right angles, but (lanting upwards, fo that the forepart of 

 the wilds is higher than the hinder part ; were it not for 

 this, the upper part of the crow-ftaves would lean quite 

 back when the plough is drawn. 



The ufe of the notches in the wilds is to give the plough 

 a broader or narrower furrow ; if the links are moved to 

 the notches on the right-hand, it brings the wheels toward 

 the left, which gives the greater furrow ; and, on the con- 

 trary, a fmaller furrow is made when the links are moved to 

 the notches on the left. The legs of the wilds ihould be 

 nineteen inches, and their diftance eight inches and a half ; 

 they muft be made ftrong, and the links muft be placed in 

 different notches, that the front of the plough may be kept 

 fteady, and the wheels not be drawn one before the other. 

 Thefe links are of iron alfo, and are each fix inches and a 

 half long, and to thefe are fattened the chains of the harnefs, 

 by which the whole plough is drawn along. 



WILDSAUBACH, in Geography, a river of Germany, 

 which runs into the Elbe, 6 miles below Drefden. 



WILD SEE, a lake of the duchy of Stiria ; 8 miles E. 

 of Neumarck. 



WILDSHUT, a town and caftle of Bavaria ; 5 miles 

 N.N.W. of Lauffen. 



WILDSTADT. See Willstadt. 



WILDUNGEN, a town of Germany, in the county of 

 Waldeck; 7 miles S.S.E. of Waldeck. N. lat. ji°7'. 

 £. long. 9° 8'. 



WILEHENGEN, a town of Switzerland ; 9 miles W. 

 of Schaffhaufen. 



WILEIA, a town of Samogitia, on the Niemen ; 25 

 miles S.S.E. of Rofienne. 



WILF, in Agriculture, a term ufed provincially to fignify 

 the white willow. See Willow. 



WILFERSDORF, in Geography, a town of Auftria ; 

 4 miles W. of Brugg. 



WILHELMSDORF, a town of Pruflla, in Oberland ; 

 13 miles S. of Holland. 



WILHELMSHOF, a town of Germany, in the duchy 

 of Anhalt Bernburg, near Hartzgerode. 



WILHELMSPURG, a town of Auftria ; 8 miles S. 

 of St. Polten. 



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WILHELMSTEIN, a town of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the Roer ; 7 miles S. W. of Juliers. 



WILHELMSTHAL, or Neustadtel, a mine-town 

 of Silefia, in the principahty of Glatz ; 15 miles S.E. of 

 Glatz. N. lat. 50° 3'. E. long. 16^42'. 



WILIA, a river of Lithuania, which runs into the 

 Niemen, near Kowno, in the palatinate of Troki. 



WILINGO, a town of Sweden, in the province of 

 Schonen ; 7 miles N. of Helfingborg. 



WILITZ, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of Kaurzim ; 

 5 miles N.N.W. of Kaurzim. 



WILKES, John, in Biography, was born in London in 

 1727, and finiflied his ftudies at the univerfity of Leyden. 

 Soon a.fter his return to England, h'e married a Mifs Mead, 

 who was a lady of large fortune, and fettled at Aylefbury. 

 This lady, "though highly refpeftable both in her charafter 

 and connections, and belonging to a diffenting family as well 

 as himfelf, was older than he, and in other refpefts an un- 

 fuitable wife, fo that the attachment was originally formed, 

 on his part, from lucrative motives : one daughter was the 

 fruit of this conneftion. Mr. Wilkes, thus furnifhed with 

 the means of profufion, lived in an expenfive ftyle, and being 

 little anxious about domeftic happinefs, aftbciated with the 

 gay and licentious, to whofe habits and manners his princi- 

 ples and charafter were facrificed. Urged by his partial 

 friends who thought him qualified for public life, he offered 

 himfelf, in 1754, as a candidate for the town of Berwick, 

 but his views were difappointfed. In this and in feveral 

 other inftances, he counterafted the inclinations and wifhes 

 of his wife, fo that their continued conneftion was a fource 

 of difquietude, and they determined to feparate. In 1757 

 he was returned as a member for the borough of Ayleftjury, 

 the confequence of which was an increafe of expenditure, 

 that involved him in pecuniary embarraffments, and led him 

 to difhonourable praftices, and particularly to an attempt of 

 freeing himfelf from the obligation of paying his wife's an- 

 nuity, in which he failed of fuccefs. His parliamentary 

 patron was earl Temple, by whofe influence he was chofen 

 reprefentative for Aylefbury ; and from whofe intereft he 

 expefted to obtain fome place under government, which the 

 perplexity of his circumftances rendered particularly de- 

 firable. But he was once and again difappointed ; and he 

 afcribed his failure to the interference of lord Bute. In 



1762 he connefted himfelf, as a pohtical writer, with lord 

 Temple and Mr. Pitt, and defended them, whilft he expofed 

 the miniftry, on occafion of the rupture with Spain, in a pam- 

 phlet entitled " Obfervations on the Papers relative to the 

 Rupture with Spain." This publication was followed in 



1763 by an ironical dedication to lord Bute, of Ben 

 Jonfon's " Fall of Mortimer," in which he indulged unre- 

 ftrained levity againft the " favourite," as he was called, 

 and his antipathy to the Scottifh nation ; which was further 

 manifefted in a periodical paper called " the North Briton," 

 commenced in 1762, and intended to counteraft "the 

 Briton," which Smollet condufted in defence of lord Bute's 

 adminiftration. The North Briton, however, was written 

 with a fpirit fo confonant to the fentiments of the public at 

 that period, that it probably contributed to the refignation 

 of that nobleman in April 1 763. The 45th number of this 

 periodical work was pubhfhed on the 23d of April, and 

 contained fo fevere and farcaftic a comment on the king's 

 fpeech, that his minifters, under the fanftion of the crown- 

 lawyers, determined upon a profecution : and the home fe- 

 cretary of flate, lord Halifax, iffued a " general warrant ;" 

 I. e. a warrant, in which no particular names were fpecified, 

 for the apprehenfion of the authors, printers, and pubh/hers 

 of that paper. As foon as it was difcovered that Wilkes 



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