W O L 



W O L 



(hire, in the county of StrafFord, on the Winnipifcogee 

 lake, containing 1376 inhabitants; 35 miles N.N.W. of 

 Durham. 



WOLFDORF, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of 

 Leitmeritz ; 7 miles N. of Kanmitz. 



WOLFENBUTTEL, a principality which lately con- 

 ftitutcd a part of the diicliy of Brunfwick, divided into 

 two parts by the principality of Halberftadt, and the 

 dioccfe of Hildefheim. The north part is furrounded on 

 the north by the principahty of Luneburg and the marqui- 

 fate of Brandenburg, on the eaft by the duchy of Magde- 

 burg, on the foulh by the principality of Halberftadt, and 

 on the weft by the diocefe of Hildeflieim. The fouth part 

 is bounded on the north by the biftiopric of Hildeftieim and 

 the principahty of Calenberg, on the eaft by the diocefe of 

 Hildeflieim and the Harz foreft, on the fouth by the prin- 

 cipality of Grubenhagen and Calenberg, and on the weft by 

 the territories of the abbey of Corvey and Calenberg. The 

 eaftern half contains under it a part of the Harz foreft, the 

 mines and falt-works which the prince held in common with 

 the eleftor of Brunfwick Luneburg. In the weftern half 

 of this fouthern part is a part of the foreft of Sollinger, 

 confifting of oak and beech, with a chain of mountains co- 

 vered with woods. Tims the fouthern part of the princi- 

 pahty confifts chiefly of hills and woods, with little arable 

 land ; but, on the other hand, has a great plenty of timber, 

 iron, and glafs-houfes, the manufadlurcs of which are 

 greatly admired, particularly thofe of looking-glafles, with 

 a fine porcelain manufadlure, and the very rich mines and 

 falt-works in the Harz foreft. The north part of the 

 principality is more level, and produces abundance of grain, 

 flax, and hemp, together with various kinds of pulfe and 

 fruit. Their graziery here turns to very good account, 

 befides which it has a falt-work. The culture of filk is 

 now followed, and premiums are affigned by the prince for 

 the encouragement of it. The Wefer, the Leinc, the Inner 

 See, and the Ockcr, are the principal rivers. In this prin- 

 cipality are 18 towns, 386 villages, and 17 fees and con- 

 vents. The eftabhflied religion here is Lutheranifm, The 

 country of Brunfwick was anciently under lords of its 

 own, who poflefled it as their abfolute and hereditary pro- 

 perty, and derived their lineage from Ludolphus, duke of 

 Saxony ; and, confequently, by his grandmother Hafala, or 

 Gifela, from duke Witikind, vvhofe daughter flie was. 

 From king Henry I., grandfon to Ludolphus, was defcended 

 his fon Henry, duke of Bavaria, among whofe iffue was 

 count Bruno, on whom the emperor Otho conferred a traft 

 of land in Saxony, near Brunfwick, namely, Melverode and 

 Hohenwart. Count Bruno, his fon, enlarged Brunfwick ; 

 and his fon, count Ludolphus, on the demife of the em- 

 peror Henry II., was the firft that obtained the full fove- 

 reignty over Brunfwick and Tanwarderode, and died in 

 1038. His fon Egbert I. became margrave of Thuringia 

 and Mifnia ; and his fon Egbert II. likewife attained to 

 thofe dignities. This laft prince being killed in battle, in 

 109 1, his fifter Gertrude fucceeded to the country of 

 Brunfwick, which country flie brought to her fecond huf- 

 band, Henry the Fat, count of Nordheim ; and by their 

 daughter Ricienza it came to her hulband Lothario, count 

 of SuppUnburg, afterwards emperor. By his daughter 

 Gertrude it defcended to her huftiand, Henry the Mag- 

 nanimous, duke of Bavaria and Saxony, and thus to the 

 houfe of Welpho. The principality of Wolfenbuttel was 

 poirefied of a vote among the prnices, both in the college of 

 the princes of the empire, and likewife in the diet of Lower 

 Saxony ; in each of which, by virtue of an agreement con- 

 cluded in 1706, when the feniority lies in the houfe of 



Brunfwick Wolfenbuttel, it precedes thofe of the eleSor of 

 Brunfwick and Luneburg, for Zelle, Grubenhagen, and 

 Calenberg, but otherwife comes after them ; farther, the 

 houfe of Wolfenbuttel, when fenior, obtained the joint di- 

 reftion of the circle of Lower Saxony. In 1807, this prin- 

 cipality was annexed to Weftphalia. 



Wolfenbuttel, a city of Weftphalia, and capital of a 

 principality of the fame name, fituated in a low marfliy foil, 

 on the Ocker : it is well built and fortified. In it is a cha- 

 teau, a long time the refidence of the dukes, in which is a 

 noble library containing 120,000 volumes of printed books 

 and manufcripts. The principal church contains the fepul- 

 chral monument of the dukes. Wolfenbuttel very probably 

 owes its name to the firft builder of the palace, called Wolf, 

 or Wolfer, or Wolfhard ; 24 miles E. of Hildeflieim. N. 

 lat. 52° 10'. E. long. 10° 40'. 



WOLFERSDORF, a town of Saxony, in the circle of 

 Neuftadt ; 4 miles S.W. of Weyda. — Alfo, a town of 

 Saxony, in the circle of Neuftadt ; 6 miles E.N.E. of 

 Weyda. 



WOLFE RSDYCK, a fmall ifland of Zealand, between 

 North and South Beveland. 



WOLFERSHEIM, a town of Germany, in the 

 principahty of Solms Braunfets ; 12 miles S.S.E. of 

 Wetzlar. 



WOLFERSTORFF, a town of Auftria ; 2 miles 

 S.E. of Laab. 



WOLFERZHAUSEN, a town of Bavaria; 12 miles 

 N.E. of Weilhaim. 



WOLFESHEAD, or Wulvershead, Saxon, ivulfer- 

 heafod, compounded of wulf, •wolf, and heafod, head, 

 caput luplnum, denoted the condition of thofe outlawed 

 for criminal matters in the Saxon time, and not yielding 

 themfelves to jufticc. For if they could have been taken 

 alive, they muft have been brought to the king ; and if 

 they, for fear of being apprehended, did defend them- 

 felves, they might be flain, and their heads brought to 

 the king ; for their head was no more to be accounted 

 of than a wolf's head. LL. Edw. in Lamb. fol. 127. and 

 Braft. lib. iii. tradl. 2. c. 11. See Caput Lupinum, and 

 Outlawry. 



WOLFESTAAL, in Geography, a town of Auftria ; \ 

 2 miles E. of Hainburg. ' 



WOLFFACH, a town of Germany, in the lordfhip ' 

 of Furftenberg ; 4 miles S.S.E. of Hazlach. N. lat. 

 48° 13'. E. long. 8° 16'. 



WOLFFEG, a town of Auftria ; 5 miles N.W. j 

 of Schwanaftadt. 1 



WOLFFEGG, or Wolfeck, a chateau and village of 

 Germany, which gives the title of count to a noble family, 

 divided into feveral branches, 11/z. Wolffegg Zeil, Wolff^egg 

 Zeil Wurzach, Wolffegg Wolffegg, and Wolffegg Waldfee ; 

 10 miles W. of Leutkirch. 



WOLFFEN, a town of Saxony ; 3 miles N.W. of i 

 Bitterfcld. 



WOLFFPASSING, a town of Auftria; 9 miles S. | 

 of Ips. 



WOLFFSHAGEN, a town of Brandenburg, in the 

 Mark of Pregnitz ; 6 miles W. of Pritzwalk. 



WOLFGANG, a town of Germany, in the county 

 of Henneberg, on an ifland in a lake ; 7 miles S.W. 

 of Meinungen. 1 



Wolfgang, St. a town of Auftria ; 3 miles S.S.W. of 

 Aigen. — Alfo, a town of Auftria ; i mile N. of Kirfch- I 

 fchlag. — Alfo, a town of Auftria, on a lake, called the 

 Abernfea, and St. Wolfgang's lake ; 54 miles S.S.W. of 



Lintz. 



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