woo 



(pccimeiis. He foon after fell into a decline, which ter- 

 minated his life in his apartments at Grefham college in 

 , 1727, at the age of 63. He bequeathed his perfonal pro- 

 ! perty to the univerfit)' of Cambridge, for the endowment 

 of an annual lefturefhip, on a fubjeft taken from his own 

 v\-iitings in natural hiftory or phytic. Soon after his death 

 ■were publilhed an Englifh edition of his " Method of 

 ' Foffils," with various additions ; and " A Catalogue of 

 roffils m the Colicdion of J. Woodward, M.D.," in 

 2 tomes, 8vo., a work of permanent eflimation among geo- 

 logifts. In 1737 Dr. Templenian publiflied Woodward's 

 " Seleft Cafes and Confultations in Phyfic," in which fome 

 valuable obfervations are interfporfed. One of his hypo- 

 tliefes was, that the life refides in the blood, and in the 

 i feparate parts of the body, not in the nerves ; in confirmation 

 I of which he made many experiments, eftablifhing the vis in- 

 i fita of mufclcs. Biog. Brit. Haller. Gen. Biog. 



Woodward, an officer of the foreft, whofe funftion is 



] to look after the moods, and obferve any offences either in 



vert, or venifon, committed within his charge ; and to pre- 



fent the fame ; and in cafe any deer are found killed, or 



' hurt, to inform the verderor thereof, and prefcnt the dclin- 



quents at the next court of the foreft. 

 I Woodwards may not walk with bows and fhafts, but 

 ! with forctt-bills. ylrcum et calamos gejlare inforefla non licet, 

 ;fed (ut refcripti ular ■verba) hachetum tantummodo. Term. 

 Mil. an. 13 Ed. HI. 



WOODWARDIA, in Botany, a very fine and well- 

 \ marked genus of ferns, dedicated by the writer of this 

 j article to the honour of his long and highly-valued friend, 

 [ and botanical companion, Thomas Jenkinfon Woodward, 

 jefq., LL.B., F.L.S., one of the beft Englidi botanills, 

 I wliofe fliill and accuracy are only equalled by his liberality 

 , and zeal in the fervice of fcience. Mr. Woodward's name 

 '. is well known as the important affiftant of Dr. Withering in 

 I his national Flora (fee Witheringia), as well as by his 

 i communications to the Linnsau Society ; amongll which, 

 I an eifay on the Britjjh Fuci, written in conjunction with the 

 i prefent learned bifhop of Carlifle, and printed in the third 



' volume of that Society's Tranfadlions, Hands confpicuous 



I Sm. Mem. de I'Acad. de Turin, v. 5. 411. t. 9. f. 3. 

 Trads 238. t. I. f. 3. Willd. Sp. PI. v. 5. 416. Swartz 

 I Syn. Fil. 1 16. Sprengel Crypt. Engl. ed. 131. t. 4. f. 29. 

 I Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 5. 523. Purfh 669. — Clafs and order, 

 \ Cryptngamlu Filices ; feft. annulatje. Nat. Ord. Filkes 

 ! dorjtjerx, 



' Eff. Ch. Groups of capfules oblong, diftinft, ftraight, 

 ranged in a fimple row, in bordered cavities, parallel to 

 each fide of the rib. Involucrum fuperficial, vaulted, fepa- 

 rating towards the rib. 



Obf. Mr. Brown has feparated from this genus, by the 

 name oi Doodia, Prodr. Nov. Holl. v. i. 151, fuch fpecies 

 as have a flat involucrum, unconnefted at its inner margin, 

 and originating from an interbranching, or conneAing, vein, 

 at its oppofite fide. In thefe the capfules are not funk into 

 any bordered cavity, nor are the groups, with their involii- 

 ciums, fo turgid, oi' prominent. Woodwardia caudata, 

 Cavan. Leccion. 264. Swartz Syn. Fil. n. 2. Willd. n. 2, 

 belongs to this genus of Doodia; and Mr. Brown defines 

 two others, ajpera and media, as likewife natives of New 

 Holland, in which country, it feems, no true Woodwardia 

 has been found. 



1. W. angujlifolia. Narrow -leaved Woodwardia. Sm. 

 n. 1. Swartz n. i. (" W. floridana ; Schkuhr Crypt. 

 103. t. III." W. onocleoides ; Willd. n. i. Purfh n. i. 

 Onoclea nodulofa ; Michaux Boreal.-Amer. v. 2. 272. 

 Swartz Syn. Fil. iii. Acroftichum areolatum ; Linn. 



w o o 



Sp. 1526. A. n. 12 ; Linn. Am. Acad. 274. Ofmund^ 

 caroliniana ; Walt. Carol. 257. Lonchitis major virginiana, 

 tolio vario, alis Polypodii in modum conjundis ; Morif. 

 fed. 14. t. 2. f. 24. Filix floridana, praelongis et angultis 

 pinnuhs, S:c. ; Pluk. Amalth. t. 399. f. i. )— Fronds pin- 

 nate ; leaflets linear, acute, entire ; the barren ones finely 

 ferrated. — In cedar and cyprefs fwamps, from New Jerfey 

 to Florida, fruftifying in Auguft. Perennial, about a 

 foot lijgh. PurJ}}. The root is creeping, fcaly and fhaggy, 

 bearing feveral llalked, upright, fmooth /ron</j-, of a lanceo- 

 late figure, with a long taper point : the barren ones con- 

 fifting entirely of lanceolate, acute, finely ferrated leajlets, 

 decurrent at their bafe, and fomewhat confluent : the fertile 

 of rather fewer, more difl:ant, longer and narrower ones, 

 likewife flightly decurrent and confluent at their bafe, each. 

 leafet being nearly covered at the back, on each fide of the 

 rib, with a clofe feries of turgid, nearly cylindrical, groups, 

 a quarter of an inch long, of nuvxerous capfules, every group 

 clofely covered by its own convex involucrum. Each group 

 is cncompafled with a confiderably elevated uninterrupted 

 line, bordering the hollow in which it lies. Willdenow has 

 mod unadvifedly changed the eltabhflicd fpecific name, 

 without any right or pretence, furely for the worfe rather 

 than the better. 



2. W. japonica. Blunt-lobed Japan Woodwardia. Sm. 

 n. 2. Swartz n. 3. Willd. n. 3. Sprengel as above, 

 f. 29. (Blechnum japonicum ; Thunb. Jap. 333. t. 35. 

 Linn. Suppl. 445. ) — Frond pinnate ; leaflets feffilc, half 

 pinnatifid, with clofe, obtufe, ferrated lobes. Rows of 

 fruftification extremely clofe and crowded. — Gathered by 

 Thunberg near Nagafaki, and in other parts of Japan, 

 fruftifying in June. Frond two feet, or more, in height. 

 Stali roughifli, and fo.mewhat fcaly, not fmooth. Leaflets 

 five or fix inches long, pointed, quite feffile, fcaly at the 

 bafe, each divided about half way to its rib into twelve pair, 

 or more, of broad, bluntifh, rounded, ferrated lobes, above 

 an inch long, and half an inch broad, quite clofe and parallel 

 at the fides ; paler beneath. Groups oblong, three or four 

 in a continued line, clofe to the rib on each fide. Tlie in- 

 volucrum reflexed to one fide, after the capfules are fallen, 

 leaves the cavity expofed, and like a box with its hd. The 

 capfules appear all to be infertcd into that margin of the 

 cavity to which the involucrum, or lid, is attached. 



3. W. orientalis. Sharp-lobed Japan Woodwardia. 

 Swartz n. 4. alfo p. 315. Willd. n. 4. (" Blechnum 

 radicans ; Hoult. N. Hill:, v. 2. t. 97. f. i.") — Frond 

 pinnate ; leaflets flialked, deeply pinnatitid, with fpreading, 

 acute, ferrated lobes. Rows of fruftification clofe. In- 

 volucrum fomewhat crefcent-fliaped. — Gathered by Thun- 

 berg in Japan. Very diilinft from the laft, as well as from 

 JV. radicans. The frond is more coriaceous than either, and 

 feems to be rather glaucous. Stali fmooth and naked, at 

 leall in its upper part. Leajlets the fize of the laft, but 

 tapering at their bafe into a fhort llalk ; their fegments con- 

 fiderably diftant from each other, except at the very bafe, 

 and fomewhat revolute ; fliarply ferrated, particularly at 

 the point. Groups flightly lunate outwards, efpecially the 

 upper and ftiorter ones, about feven in each row, crowded, 

 and clofe to the rib. Perhaps it was from a fpecimen of 

 this, confounded with the preceding, that Profeffor Thun- • 

 berg defcribed the main Jlali as altogether fmooth, and 



zigzag- 



4. W. virginica. Virginian Woodwardia. Sm. n. 3. 



Swartz n. 7. Willd. n. 6. Ait. n. 2. Purfh n. 2. 



(W. Banifteriana; Michaux Boreal.-Amer. v. 2. 263. 



Swartz 11. 8. Blechnum virginicum ; Linn. Mant. 307.- 

 Filix mas, vulgari fimilis, pinnulis amplioribus planis, nee 



4 I 2 crenatis, ' 



