WULFENIA. 



aiid who lived and died beloved and revered by men of all 

 ranks, and of every perfuafion. As he lived remote from 

 the fcientific circles of Europe, it is no wonder if, in tlie 

 abftrufe ftudy of cr)'ptogaraic botany, he fell into fome errors, 

 efpecially relative to the Lichen tribe, a part of which the 

 writer of this article prefumed to correft, in a paper printed 

 in the Tranfaftions of the Linn. Soc. v. 2. p. lo, certainly 

 without intending any difrefpeiEl for the excellent author, 

 tliough a German writer of a more vulgar ftamp, by mif- 

 Iranflation and mifreprefentation, tried to excite them to en- 

 mity, but in vain. He may be pardoned for the fake of the 

 great man whom he, though unflcilfully, meant to defend, 

 and for his own fervices to fcience, though of inferior pre- 

 tenfions. Wulfen is reported to have left behind him in 

 MS. a complete Flora Nerica, defcriptive of the vegetable 

 productions of a particular part of Carniola, an ylgrq/lo- 

 graphia, and feveral other works, rich in praftical and fcien- 

 tific obfervatioHS. Of thefe, it is to be hoped the learned 

 world will not be deprived. — Jacq. Mifc. Auftr. v. 2. 62. 

 t. 8. f. I. Schreb. Gen. 16. WiUd. Sp. PI. v. i. 78. 

 Vahl Enum. v. i. 86. Mart. Mill. Did. v. 4. Sm. 

 Tranf. of Linn. Soc. v. 6. 96. ( Bonarota ; Mich. Gen. 9. 

 t. 15. Pxderota ; Jufl". 120. Lamarck Diift. v. 4. 692. 

 lUuftr. t. 13, but not the original Paderota oi Linnxus. 

 See Tr. of Linn. Soc. as above.) — Clafs and order, Dian- 

 dr'ta Monogynia. Nat. Ord. Perfonatu, Linn. Scrophula- 

 r'la, Ju{r. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth inferior, of one leaf, in five 

 deep, linear-awllhaped, equal, crcft, permanent fegments. 

 Cor. of one petal, ringent : tube gibbous, and nearly glo- 

 bofe at the bafe : hmb two-hpped ; upper Up (horteft, un- 

 divided, or nightly notched, vaulted, acute ; lower longeft, 

 deflexed, three-lobed. Stam. Filaments two, thread-lhaped, 

 afcending, fliorter than the upper lip ; anthers roundifh. 

 Pijl. Germen fuperior, ovate-oblong, comprefled ; ftyle 

 thread-fhaped, twice as long as the calyx ; ftigma capi- 

 tate. Perk. Capfule ovat£, comprefled, furrowed at each 

 fide, of two cells and two divided valves, burfting at the 

 fummit. SeeJs numerous, roundilh. 



Efl". Ch. Corolla tubular, ringent ; upper lip vaulted ; 

 lower three-cleft. Calyx in five deep fegments. Capfule 

 of two cells, and two cloven valves. 



Obf. This genus is certainly next akin to Vbkonica, 

 under which article we have recorded a remark to that efFeft 

 made by Mr. Brown. The eflential difference, however, 

 between thefe two genera refides in the limb of the corolla, 

 which in Veronica is wheel-fhaped, its lower fegment nar- 

 roweft ; a character of more importance than the propor- 

 tion of the tube, that part being, in a few fpecies, nearly as 

 much elongated as in the prefent genus. If any of thofe 

 fpecies fhould prove to have a ringent corolla, whofe upper 

 lip is vaulted, and the lower three-lobed, they muft be re- 

 moved to Wulfenia ; but we difcover nothing of this in /''. 

 Jibirica or virginica, whofe limb is truly that of a Veronica. 

 Whether the throat be bearded in every fpecies of Wulfenia, 

 we are not certain ; nor is that circumftance material, any 

 more than the valves of the capfule being cloven or not, the 

 fame difference exifting between different fpecies of Veroni- 

 ca, as has already been mentioned in its proper place. The 

 five-cleft calyx, indicated by Linnaeus as the mark of Ptde- 

 rota, is found in the two Veronica juft named, as well as in 

 fome lefs ambiguous fpecies, as V. aujlriaca, muliifida, Teu- 

 crium, and latifolia, though in thefe laft the fifth fegment va- 

 ries in fize, is occafionaUy abfent, and is always unequal to 

 the others. 



I. W. Bonarota. Blue Leafy Wulfenia. Sm. n. 1. 

 Vahl n. I. (Pjederota Bonarota; Linn. Sp. PI. 20. 



Willd. Sp. PI. v. I. 77. Jacq. Aullr. append, t. 39. P. 

 cserulea ; Linn. Suppl. S4. Lamarck lUullr. v. i. 48- 

 t. 13. f. I. Bonarota montana italica, cham<edryos folio, 

 flore casruleo ; Mich. Gen. 19. t. 15. f. I ; alfo f. 2, with 

 rounder leaves, and a more denfe fpike. Chamaedrys montis 

 Sumani ; Bauh. Hid. v. 3. 289.) — Stem leafy. Upper lip 

 of the corolla entire. Leaves roundiih- ovate. — Native of 

 the mountains of Italy and Carniola ; perennial : a ftranger 

 in our gardens, as well as the two following. The root is 

 fomewhat creeping. Stems fimple, ereft, five or fix inches 

 high, downy like the reft of the herbage, each bearing four 

 or five pair of roundifh-ovate leaves, about an inch long, 

 with broad, rather (hallow ferratures. Clujler terminal, fo- 

 litary, ovate -oblong, of feveral pretty hXvieJlo'wers, accom- 

 panied by lanceolate braSeas. Calyx hairy. The corolla is 

 decidedly ringent, with a concave upper lip, and the valves 

 of the capfule fplit at the fummit, each into two Iharp 

 points. 



2. W. ^geria. Yellow Leafy Wulfenia. Sm. n. 2. 

 Vahl n. 2. ( Paederota Ageria ; Linn. Mant. 171, exclud- 

 ing Bauhin's fynonym. Willd. Sp. PI. v. i. 77. P. lutea ; 

 Scop. Ann. 2. 41. Lamarck n. 3. excluding the reference 

 to Bauhin. Linn. Suppl. 84. P. Bonarota ; Jacq. Hort. 

 Vind. V. 2. 55. t. 121. Bonarota montana italica, chamse- 

 dryos folio minds crenato, fpica lutea ; Mich. Gen. 19.) — 

 Stem leafy. Upper Up of the corolla cloven. Leaves 

 ovato-lanceolate, elongated at the point — Native of Car- 

 niola and Italy, in places where, according to Scopoli, the 

 former is not found. Great confufion refpefting thefe 

 two plants has long exifted. Linnjeus and Scopoli fome- 

 times confidered them as varieties of each other, and when 

 they made them diftinft, they mifapplied their fynonyms. 

 The prefent is faid to be diftinguilhed by the emarginate, or 

 cloven, upper lip of the corolla, which, neverthelefs, Jac- 

 quin's figure does not exprefs, and which is but flightly per- 

 ceptible in our dried fpecimens. The leaves differ materially 

 in their more elongated form, and narrower, more copious, 

 ferratures ; the lower ones being alternate, as noticed by 

 Scopoli, is but a cafual occurrence. The corolla is of a 

 pale fulphur-colour, not blue. Calyx fmooth. The Jlyk 

 in both thefe fpecies is full as long in proportion to the 

 calyx and corolla -as in the following, though defcribed, in the 

 generic charafter of Paderota by Linnxus, as only the 

 length of tYieJlamens. 



The fpecific name of jigeria, given by Linnxus to what 

 had much better have been called lutea, is intended to com- 

 memorate Nicholas Agerius, a friend of John and Cafpar 

 Bauhin, who fent our W. Bonarota to the former, and is 

 mentioned by him in feveral places. His name occurs in 

 Linn. Sp. PI. 1670, as the original difcoverer of Verbafcum 

 Thapfi. Haller fpeaks of him as having publiihed, at Straf- 

 burg, in 1625, a quarto difTertation ^« Zoo/^ji'/V; and an- 

 other in 1629, de Animd vegetativd ; works not mentioned 

 in fir Jofeph Banks's rich catalogue, and therefore, doubt- 

 lefs, very rare. 



3. W. carinthiaca. Carinthian Wulfenia. Sm. n. 3. 

 Willd. n. I. Vahl n. 3. Jacq. Mifc. Auftr. v. 2. 60. Ic. 

 Rar. t. 2. (Psderota nudicaulis ; Lamarck DiiSt. v. 4. 

 692. Illuitr. v. I. 48. t. 13. f. 2.)— Stem naked. Leaves 

 crenate. — Found by Wulfen, in a rich foil, limong lime- 

 ftone rocks, on the loftieft and moft craggy mountains of 

 Carinthia, flowering in the middle of Jnly. The root is 

 creeping, perennial, half as thick as the middle finger. 

 Leaves feveral together in a tuft, all radical, obovate, ob- 

 tufe, four or five inches long, doubly or unequally crenate, 

 fmooth and (hining, except the ftrong mid-rib, which is hairy 

 at the back j their bafe tapering into a winged Jooijlalk. 



Flowers 



