X I P 



Filaments three, linear, oppofite to the three inner petals ; 

 anthers ovate. Pifl. Germen fiiperior, globofe ; ftyle 

 thread-fliaped ; ftigma fimple. Perk. Capfule at firft 

 Hefhy, then dry, roundifh, with three furrows, and three 

 cells. Seeds numerous, roundifh, pointed, inferttd into a 

 flefhy, central, nearly globular, receptacle. 



Efl". Ch. Corolla regular, of fix petals. Capfule fupe- 

 rior, of three cells, with many feeds. 



Obf The regularity of the fo-.ver readily dillinguiflies 

 this genus from Wachkn'dorfia. Sec that article. 



1. X.. JJoriluntium. Many-flowcrcd Xiphidium. Swartz 

 Prodr. 17. Ind. Occ. 80. Vahl n. i. (X. albidum ; 

 Lamarck lUuar. v. i. 131. X. album ; Willd. n. i. Ixia; 

 Linn, in Loefl. It. 179.) 



/2. X. csrulcum ; Aubl. Guian. 33. t. 11. Willd. n. 2. 



Ait. n. 1 Native of Soutli America, as well as of Tobago 



and St. Kitt's. Mr. Maflbn is recorded by Dr. Swartz as 

 having gathered the white-flowered kind, a, at the foot of 

 fome hills, near Sandy Point, in the laft-mentioned illand : 

 /S was found in Guiana, by Aublet. We have a fpecinien of 

 the latter from Miller's herbarium, gathered in fome part 

 of South America. The rool is perennial, fomewhat creep- 

 ing, jointed. Stem a foot or more in height, round, fimple, 

 as thick as the Httlc finger ; leafy in the lower part ; more 

 or lefs minutely hairy. Leaves numerous, alternate, fefiile, 

 fomewhat (heathing, fword-fhaped, pointed, entire, or 

 minutely ferrated, llriatcd with numerous longitudinal ribs. 

 Clujler compound, terminal, ereft, of many fpreading, 

 fimply racemofe, branches, more or lefs hairy, with a very 

 minute bradea under each partial flovver-flalk. Floiuers not 

 half an inch in diameter. Three outer petals green, and 

 often downy at the back ; white or blue in front, as the 

 three inner ones are on both fides. 



Swartz and Vahl have united the two fuppofed fpecies of 

 other authors. The latter afTerts the blue-flowered variety 

 to be fometimes entirely fmooth in its leaves as well as 

 Jlowers. 



XIPHILINUS, John, in Biography, was born at 

 Trebizond, in the i ith century, and having pafied the earlier 

 period of his life in a monaftery on mount Olympus, was 

 advanced to the patriarchate of Conftantinople, which office 

 he held till his death in 1075. Befides a fermon printed in 

 the Bibliotheca Patrum, he is reputed by fome to be the 

 author of an " Abridgment of the Hiftory of 'Dion 

 Caflius," in Greek, written faithfully, which was printed at 

 Paris in 1592, fol. 



XIPHION, or XiPHlUM, in Botany, |»^io» of Diofco- 

 rides, fo called from the fword-fliaped leaves, appears 

 evidently, by the account of that ancient writer, to be 

 Gladiolus communis, Linn. Sp. PI. 52, our Common Corn- 

 flag. Xiphium neverthelcfs is retained by Linnius as the 

 fpecific name of a common, but very elegant and fragrant 

 bulbous Iris, with blue and yellow flowers. To this it 

 feems he was led by Tournefort, who applies the name of 

 Xiphion to the whole tribe of bulbous-rooted fpecies of 

 Jris, of which he makes a feparate genus, charafterized by 

 the root. This is rather unfortunate, as the Linman Iris 

 Xiphium has rather awl-fliaped than fword-like leaves. 



XIPHOIDES, Ei^osiJec, in Anatomy, a cartilage placed 

 at the bottom of ihe Jlernum, called alfo enftformis. 



It is about an inch long, and fhaped hke the point of 

 a fword. Whence its appellation, from |i?o{, /word, and 

 ttm'., figure. 



XIPHONIjE PROMONTORiUiM, in Ancient Geography, 

 a promontory of Sicily, near port Xiphonius. 



XIPHOS, Hi?o;, among the Athenians, a capital punifh- 

 ment, by beheading with the fword. 



X O M 



XIPIXAPA, in Geography, a town of Soutli America, 

 in the audience of Quito ; So miles N.W. of Guayaquil. 



XIQUACAN, a town of Mexico, in the province of 

 Mechoacan ; yo miles S.E. of Zacatula. N. lat. 18" 4'. 

 W. long. loz'' 34'. 



XIQUENA, a town of Spain, in the province of 

 Murcia ; 15 miles W.N.W. of Lorca. 



XIQUITO, a town of Japan, in the ifland of Ximo ; 

 16 miles S. of Naka. N. lat. 32° 20'. E. long. 



XI R, a word ufed by the chemifls to exprefs mercury. 



XISINUM, a word ufed by fome of the chemical 

 writers to exprefs vinegar. 



XIVERT, in Geography, a town of Spain, in Valencia ; 

 7 miles N.W. of Segorbe. 



XIV RY LE Fkanc, a town of France, in the depart- 

 ment of the Mofelle ; 9 miles S. of Longwy. 



XIXONA, a town of Spain, in Valencia. In the neigh- 

 bourhood of this town a great number of perfons are em- 

 ployed annually to coUeft the drug called Kermes, and a 

 fmall diftrift, called de la Grana, produces fome years to the 

 value of 30,000 dollars ; 13 miles N. of Alicant. N. lat. 

 38^32'. W. long. 0° 42'. 



XIZABRAS, mountains of South America, in the pro- 

 vince of Venezuela. 



XOANA, in Ancient Geography, a town of India, on this 

 fide of the Ganges. 



XOCHIOCOTZO, in Botany, a name ufed by fome 

 authors for the tree which produces the liquid amber, and 

 is called the fweet gum by the inhabitants of the Weft 

 Indies. 



XOCHITENACATL, in Ornithology, a name given 

 by fome to the toucan, or American great-beaked mag- 



XocHiTENACATl. Alia, the name of a bird defcribed 

 by Nieremberg, of the nature of the toucan, or Brafilian 

 magpye. 



It is of the fize of a pigeon ; its beak is large and thick, 

 and is black and pointed ; its wings and tail are variegated 

 with black and white ; it has a large black mark reaching 

 from its back to the breaft ; the anterior part of the 

 wings is yellow, the relt of its body of a pale colour, and 

 the legs and feet brown. It always is found among 

 the fweet-flowering trees, and is not uncommon in many 

 parts of South America. Ray. 



XOCOTLAN, or XocuTLAN, in Geography, a town 

 of Mexico, in the province of Xalifco ; i j miles S.W. of 

 Purification. 



XOCOXOCHITL, the Indian name of the clove- 

 berry-tree, or the cajffia caryophyllata, the bark of which 

 is ufed in medicine. 



XODRACE, in Ancient Geography, a town of India, on 

 this fide of the Ganges. Ptolemy. 



XOES, an ifland of the Mediterranean, on the coaft of 

 Egypt, near the mouth of the Nile, called " Xebenniticum ;" 

 and alfo a town of the fame name. Steph. Byz. 



XOIS, a town of Egypt, in the Nome, denominated 

 Xoites Nomos. Ptolemy. 



XOLA, in Geography. See Sooloo. 



XOLO. See Gilolo. 



XOMOTL, in Ornithology, the name of an American 

 bird, of which the Indians are very fond, making a part of 

 their garments of its feathers. 



Nieremberg has given a fliort account of it. It is a web- 

 footed fowl ; its back and the upper part of its wings are 

 black, and its breaft is brown. When it is angry, it raifes 

 up the feathers of its head in form uf a creft. Ray. 



XORULLO, 



