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the field, which feems to have qualities approaching to thofe 

 of this plant. . 



The principal objeaion to its cultivation is tlie dilhculty 

 of procuring the feeds of it in plenty, which may probably 

 be obviated by proper management. It is, however, an 

 abiding plant, and one which increafes fall by its running 

 roots, and which may readily be propagated in this way in 

 the field. See Lathyrus Pratenfis. 



YrxLOV! -Berry Wajb, is a fohition of the gum of the 

 French berries in water ; and may be prepared by boiling a 

 pound of the berries in a gallon of water with half an ounce 

 of alum, in a pewter veflel, and filtering the fluid ; and by 

 evaporating the fluid in the boiler till the colour appears to 

 be of the requifite degree of ftrength. 



This is ufed as a wafhing colour in water-painting : it will 

 fland extremely well, and being more diluted, or laid on 

 thicker, will, in confequence of its tranfparency, give a 

 variety of fliades. 



Yellow IVaJh of Saffron. See Tinaure of Saffron. 

 Yellow Wajl} of Turmeric. See Turmeric. 

 Yellow Breeches Creek, in Geography, a river of Penn- 

 fvlvania, which runs into the Sufquehanna, N. lat. 40° 1 3'. 

 W. long. 76° 52'. 



Yellow Creek, a townfhip of Ohio, in the county of 

 Columbiana, with 491 inhabitants — Alfo, a river of Ame- 

 rica, which runs into the Ohio, N. lat. 40° 34'. W. long. 

 80° 44'. 



Yellow River, a fmall river of Ireland, in the King's 

 county, which joins the river Boyne. 



Yellow River. (See Hoang. ) Mr. Barrow, fup- 

 poQng, without the poflibility of exaggeration, that the 

 breadth of the Yellow river, where Macartney's embafly 

 pafied it, about 70 miles from the fea, was only three- 

 fourths of a mile, the mean depth five feet, and the velo- 

 city of its courfe four miles an hour, concludes, from thefe 

 data, that the river difcharges into the Yellow fea, in every 

 hour, a volume of water equal to 418,176,000 folid feet, or 

 2,563,000,000 gallons of water, or 1100 times as much 

 as appears to be furniflied by the Ganges. By another 

 computation, he eftimates the quantity of mud wafted into 

 the fea by this river in every hour to be equal to 2,000,000 

 fohd feet, or 48,000,000 in every day, or 17,520,000,000 

 in every year. Suppofing the mean depth of the Yellow 

 fea to be 20 fathoms, or 120 feet, the quantity of earth 

 brought down by the Yellow river would, if accumulated 

 together, be fufRcient to fill up, even to the furface of the 

 fea, an ifland one mile fquare in 70 days. By extending 

 the calculation, a curious inquirer may find in what fpace 

 of time the Yellow fea itfelf might be filled up by the fuc- 

 ceflive depofitions from the Yellow river alone ; for fup- 

 pofing that fea to extend northward from that river, and 

 to include the gulfs of Pe-che-lee and Leao-tong, the number 

 of fquare miles on the furface of this extent would be about 

 125,000, which, multiplied by the number (70) of days 

 neceflary for confolidating one mile fquare, would make 

 8,750,000 days, or 24,000 years. 



The velocity of the Yellow river at the place where the 

 embafly crofled it was fo great, as to require, agreeably to 

 the fuperftitious notions of the Chinefe crews, a facrifice 

 to the fpirit of the river, in order to enfure a fafe pafTage 

 over it. With this view, the marter prefented a cock, and. 

 having wrung off' his head, which he threw into the fea, 

 confecrated the veilel with the blood fpouting from the 

 body, by fprinkling it upon the deck, the mafts, the anchor, 

 and the doors of the apartments, and fl;uck upon them a 

 few of the feathers of the bird. Various kinds of pro- 

 vi.Hons were then ranged acrofs the deck ; and when the 



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captain had made three profound inclinations of the bodr 

 with his hands uplifted, he muttered a few words, as if of 

 fohcitation to the Deity. The loo, or brazen drum, was 

 in the mean time beaten forcibly ; lighted matches were 

 held towards heaven ; papers, covered with tin or filver- 

 leaf, were burnt ; and crackers fired off^ in great abundance 

 by the crew. The captain afterwards made hbations to the 

 river, by emptying into it from the vcflel's prow the 

 feveral cups of liquids which he had provided, and concluded 

 with throwing in alfo that which held the fait. All the 

 ceremonies being !fini(hed, and the bowls of meat removed, 

 the people feailed on it ; and afterwards launched with con- 

 fidence the yacht into the current. As foon as flie had 

 reached the oppofite fhore, the captain returned thanks to 

 heaven, with three inchnations of the body. Sacrifices are 

 alfo off^ered to obtain a fair wind, and to avert any impend- 

 ing danger. 



Befides thefe offerings, great exertions were neceflary to 

 overcome the violence of the Yellow river, and to tranfport 

 large yachts in fafety to the oppofite fliore. Embafly to 

 China, vol. ii. 



Yellow Sea, an extenfive but fliallow inland fea between 

 Corea and China, hardly any where exceeding forty-five 

 fathoms in depth, and often not more than twenty ; with a 

 bottom of clay or mud : the alluvion, without doubt, of the 

 rivers that are poured into it from the mountains and plains 

 of China. See Leao-tong. 



YELLOWS, in Animals, is a difeafe which is incident to 

 horfes, neat-cattle, and flieep, in which there is a yellow 

 jaundice-like appearance, efpecially in the eyes. 



It is a difeafe that takes place in horfes in all fliates of 

 them, but which in thofe of the young kind is often un- 

 accompanied with fever, or any fort of irritation. 



It fliews itfelf by a particular yellownefs in the eyes and 

 the infide of the mouth, with a confiderable degree of con- 

 ftipation of the bowels in fome cafes. 



The complaint is frequently much relieved by the ufe of 

 a ball compofed of one ounce of aloes in powder, with one 

 drachm of calomel, and half an ounce of Caftile foap, made 

 up with a fufficient quantity of treacle ; and the fecond 

 morning afterwards giving one conftituted of half an ounce 

 each of nitre, refin, and Caftile foap, made up with honey ; 

 and if the yellownefs fliould continue in the eyes and 

 mouth, repeating the latter after an interval of four days. 



Some, however, advife to have firft recourfe to bleeding, 

 clyfters, and purges ; in the laft of which intentions the com- 

 pofition direfted below may be found ufeful : One ounce and 

 a half of Indian rhubarb, two drachms of faffron, and fix 

 drachms of foccotrine aloes, formed into a ball with fyrup 

 of buckthorn. But if the rhubarb fliould be thought too 

 expenfive, it may be omitted, and the fame quantity of 

 cream of tartar, and half an ounce of Caftile foap, with four 

 drachms more of aloes, be added. This may be repeated 

 two or three times, giving intermediately the remedies 

 direfted below : Half an ounce of ^thiops' mineral, and one 

 ounce of Caftile foap, formed into a ball, and one of them 

 given every day, wafliing it down with a pint of the follow- 

 ing decoftion : Madder and turmeric -root, each four ounces ; 

 burdock-root fliced, half a pound ; monk's rhubarb, four 

 ounces; and liquorice fliced, two ounces; boiled in one gal- 

 lon of forge-water to three quarts ; the liquor then ftrained 

 off, and fweetened with honey. 



In this difeafe, balls of Caftile foap and turmeric alone 

 are likewife often had recourfe to, even to the quantity of 

 three or four ounces or more in the day ; and not unfre- 

 quently fucceed in recent cafes. 



By means of this fort, the difeafe for the moft part 



abates 



