Y U C 



ing, and in fome meafure reflexed, fegments, than in any 

 of the foregoing. The haves are defcribed longer, nar- 

 rower, and thinner than in the lail fpccies, reflexed, being 

 "bent downwards, and pendulous, from about the middle, or 

 rather nearer the bafe ; they are moreover fhlning, of a 

 deeper green, lefs concave, and with longer more flender 

 terminal fpines. They are an inch broad, and above two 

 feet long. DilleMtis lays the marginal notches are rather 

 finer than in the laft. The Linnjean fpecific definition im- 

 plies the reverfe. Commelin's plate in his Pneludla Bota- 

 nka, t. l6, exhibits very large and diftant fpinous teeth, at 

 the edges of the leaves, fuch as we have never fcen, even in 

 young plants. We have therefore refrained from citing 

 this author under the prefent fpecies, as well as his t. 14. of 

 the fame work, and Plukenet's t. 256. f. 4. under the laft ; 

 becaufe, though they may be right, fuch figures afford no 

 information or inftruftion. Clufius fays the Indians ufe the 

 fibres of the leaves of the fpecies of which we are treating, 

 obtained by maceration and beating, as a fine kind of thread, 

 like flax or filk ; and they alfo make flrong cordage of the 

 fame, for tying the rafters of their huts together. Such 

 qualities merit further inquiry. 



5. Y.Jilamento/a. Thready Adam's-needle. Linn. Sp. 

 PI. 457. WiUd. n. 4. Ait. n. 4. Purfh n. i. Curt. 

 Mag. t. 900. (Y. foliis lanceolatis, acuminatis, integerri- 

 mis, margine fllamentofis ; Trew's Ehret 9. t. 37. Yuca, 

 five Jucca, vera, foliis filamentofis ; Moril. feft. 4. t. 23. 

 f. 2.) — Stem none. Leaves lanceolate, entire, coarfely fila- 

 mentous at the edges. — On the (hores of Virginia and Caro- 

 lina, and in the weftern parts of the fame countries, flower- 

 ing in July and Auguft. Purjh. A hardy perennial in our 

 gardens, flowering, though not very conftantly, in autumn. 

 The leaves are numerous, a foot long, fpreading in the form 

 of a rofe from the crown of the root ; their points fpinous, 

 but (hort ; their furfaces both ftriated, a little glaucous, 

 rough to the touch with minute harfh prickles ; their edges 

 befet with long recurved threads. Flower Jlalh folitary, 

 ereft, from four to five feet high, round, fmooth, leaflefs, 

 bearing feveral fcattered, oblong, membranous, reddifh- 

 brown bralteas, fuch as alfo accompany the partial ftalks. 

 Panicle compound, lax and fpreading, of numerous large 

 and handfome, pendulous, cream-coloured, bell-fhaped 

 flowers, reprefented of much too yellow a hue in the Bota- 

 nical Magazine. Their fegments are taper-pointed. Fila- 

 ments tom^, or glandular, with very imall <i«/ier/. Stigma 

 with fpreading, fomewhat recurved and cloven, lobes, like 

 T. gloriofa. 



6. Y. angujlifolia. Narrow-leaved Dwarf Adam's-needle. 

 Purfh n. 2. — Stem none. Leaves linear, elongated, rigid, 

 fparingly filamentous at the edges. Fruit obovato-cylindri- 



cal Gathered by Mr. Nuttall, on the banks of the Mif- 



fouri, flowering ia July and Auguft. Perennial. Leaves 

 very narrow. Stalh from two to three feet high. Fruit 

 Jarge. Purfh. This appears not yet to have been brought 

 to England. 



The name of Yucca may be found applied, by the older 

 botanifts, to feveral plants which have no botanical affinity 

 to the prefent genus ; fuch as Morifon's feft. 4. t. 23. f. 3, 

 where the leaves are digitate ; and Jatropha Manihot of Lin- 

 naeus. (See Jatropha.. ) Such plants agree in the efcu- 

 lent quality of their flefliy roots, which when grated and 

 wafhed, yield a farinaceous fubftance, of which the natives 

 of America and the Weft Indies appear to have made a 

 kind of bread, long before our European corn was intro- 

 duced among them. 



YrccA, in Gardening, contains plants of the fucculent, 

 evergreen, fhrubby, hardy, and tender kinds, in which the 



Y V E 



fpecies cultivated are, the common Adam's-needle (Y. glo- 

 riofa), the thready Virginian yucca (Y. filamentofa)', the 

 aloe -leaved yucca ( Y. aloifolia), and the dragon-tree-leavsd 

 yucca ( Y. draconis), 



Thefe are all fucculent evergreen (hrubby plants, fome 

 of them having a flefliy nature and great regularity of 

 growth. 



Method of Culture — Thefe plants are all capable of being 

 raifed by offsets or fuckers, from the roots and heads of 

 the old plants, as well as by feed. 



The offsets and fuckers may be taken off any time in the 

 fpring or fummer feafons, being laid in fome dry place for 

 a few days, till the wounded part caufed by the feparation 

 from the plant is dried and healed over ; when they may be 

 planted out feparacely in pots of light fandy compoft, and 

 be placed in a fliady fituation till they have taken root in a 

 perfeft manner. When affifted by a hot-bed,- they often 

 fucceed better. 



The feed obtained from abroad fliould be fown in the 

 fpring in pots of light earth, plunging them in a hot-bed, 

 in which the plants foon come up ; and when they are two 

 or three inches high, they fliould be pricked out feparately 

 in fmall pots of light fandy mould, replunging them in the 

 hot-bed to forward their growth, affifting them with mode- 

 rate waterings and frefli air daily, and hardening them by 

 degrees to the full air, fo as to be fet out in June to remain 

 till Oftober, when they Ihould be removed into the green- 

 houfe for the winter. 



Some plants of all the forts (hould conftantly be preferved 

 in pots. 



They are all very ornamental ; the two firft after they 

 have been hardened, in the dry borders, where the foil is 

 light, and where the fituation is warm and fheltered ; and 

 the others in green-houfe coUeftions, among other potted 

 plants. 



YUE, in Geography, a city of China, of the fecond rank, 

 in Yun-nan ; 1105 miles S.S.W. of Peking. N. lat. 25° 

 22'. E. long. 103° 22'. • 



YUEN, a river of China, which runs into the lake Tong- 

 ting, 1 7 miles E. of Tchang-te. — Alfo, a city of China, 

 of the fecond rank, in Hou-quang ; 850 miles S.S.W. of 

 Peking. N. lat. 27" 23'. E. long. 109°. 



YUEN-KIANG, a city of China, of the firft rank, in 

 Yun-nan, on the Ho-ti river ; 1250 miles S.W. of Peking. 

 N. lat. 23 ' 37'. E. long. 101° 44'. 



YUEN-TCHEOU, a city of China, of the firft rank, 

 in Kiang-fi ; 750 miles S. of Peking. N. lat. 27° 50'. E. 

 long. 114°. 



YUEN-YANG, a city of China, of the firft rank, in 

 Hou-quang, on the river Han 5517 miles S.S.W. of Pe- 

 king. N. lat. 32° 50'. E. long. 1 10° 29'. 



YVERDUN, or Ifferten, a town of Switzerland, in 

 the Vaudois, and capital of a bailiwick, in the canton of 

 Berne, fituated on the lake of Neufchatel, otherwife called 

 the lake of Yverdun, at the mouth of the river Orb, which 

 divides into two branches, forming a good port, and an 

 ifland, on which the town is fituated. The two fauxbourgs 

 communicate with the town by bridges. It is ancient, and 

 in the Theodofian table called "Caftrum Ebredunenfe," and 

 *' Ebrodunenfe," by which it is underftood to have been a 

 place of ftrength. The Romans maintained here il prufeSut 

 harcariorum, and there yet exifts a fociety of boatmen, of 

 ancient ftanding, and numerous, who have a particular po- 

 lice, privileges, and laws of navigation. From the Romans 

 it paffed to the kings of Burgundy, and afterwards to the 

 dukes of Zahringen. In the year 1259, it was taken by 

 Peter of Savoy, who reduced it by famine, and it continued 

 P 2 ia 



