ZAMIA. 



furrowed, and clothed with (haggy, chafFy pubefcence, 

 which gives them a rutty or tawny hue, underneath. 1 heir 

 ferratures, or teeth, are numerous, obtufe, very irregular. 

 Caliins ovate, hoary and dow.iy, about three inches long, on 

 Jlalh about the fame length. Hermann fays this plant pro- 

 duces a white infipid gum. „ ,.„ „ j -iiriu 



11. Z./bWu. Spiral Zamia. Salifb. Prodr. 401. WiUd. 

 nil Aitn. C. Brown n. i.— Leaflets numerous, linear, 

 very fmooth, fomewhat curved, with a few fpinous teeth at 

 the extremity. Catkins fmooth, with pointed fcales ; thoi^ 

 of the male ones wedge-ftaped. -Native of Nevv South 

 Wales, from whence feeds were fent, in 1791, by Dr. John 

 White, to the writer of this, and plants were raifed from 

 them in the following year, by the late Mr. Fairbairn, m 

 Chelfea garden, being the firit introduftion of this fpecies into 

 Europe. The whole cone, filled with thefe nuts, was about 

 half as large as a man's head ; the nuts themfelves about the 

 fize of fmall chefnuts. They were faid to be eaten roafted 

 by the natives of New South Wales, but on being tried by 

 our Englifh fettlers, occafioned ficknefs. Their flavour is 

 certainly inferior to a chefnut, and even to the nuts of Cycas 

 rcvoluta, ripened in thebifhopof Winchefter's ftove at Farn- 

 ham caftle. The plants foon grew to a confiderable fize, 

 and according to Mr. Aitou, this fpecies flowers in the ilove, 

 in July and Auguft. The leaves are very fmooth, of a fine 

 green, a yard or more in length, fpreading, each compofed 

 of from thirty to forty pair of long narrow leaflets, tipped 

 with from three to five fpinou'i teeth. FootJtalLs faid to be 

 fomewhat fpiral. The catkins are ilalked, cylindrical, about 

 live inches long, and two in diameter, fquarrofe, fmooth, 

 not downy nor hairy x fcales of the male ones obovate-wedge- 

 fhaped, an inch long, with a fhort, broad, fharp, afcending, 

 pohfhed point ; their upper fide fmooth and naked ; under 

 nearly covered with an uninterrupted heart-fhaped aflem- 

 blage of crowded, oval anthers, the fize of poppy-feed: 

 fcales of the female catkins ftalked, gibbous, two-edged and 



deprefied, larger than the male ones, each tipped with an 

 creft, fword-fliaped, pungent, fmooth point, an inch long, 

 and, as the fruit ripens, extended to three inches, the gibbous 

 flefliy part of the fcale being then alfo much enlarged. Ger- 

 mens two, ovate, feflile, clofe together, at the inner edge of 

 this flefliy part of the fcale, and direfted horizontally in- 

 wai-d. Driipas roundifti, gibbous, an inch or inch and a half 

 in diameter, orange-coloured, with a rather thin pulp, at 

 leaft in the dried ftate, and a large, ovate, hard nut, not 

 burfting, whofe kernel, after keeping twenty-five years, is 

 horny, femitranfparent, and as hard as the ftiell. Mr. Brown 

 fufpefts there may be two fpecies confounded under Z.fpi- 

 ralis ; one found in the neighbourhood of Port Jackfon, to 

 which our defcription and : -lyms entirely belong, and 

 which is from two to four igh ; the other, often ten 



feet in height, noticed by hit. Jirown on the fouthern coail 

 of New Holland, and which we have never feen. Mr. Brown 

 remarks, that in both, the catiim, ufually folitary, fome- 

 times grow two together. 



12. Z. longifoHa. Tall-leaved Zaraia. Jacq. Fragm. 28. 



t. 29. Willd. II. 12. Poiret n. 10 Leaflets numerous, 



elliptic-lanceolate, pcintlefs, entire, clothed with fliaggy 

 down. S -'es of the male catkins wedge-fliaped, with 

 abrupt quadrangular points. — Native of fouthern Africa, 

 above a hundred miles from the Cape of Good Hope. Cul- 

 tivated at Schoenbrun. The crown of the root is fcaly, a 

 foot in diameter, fni0 3l!i Leaves flightly fpreading, from 

 five to feven feet high ; ^rxjlalks quadrangular, without 

 fpines ; leajlds from forty to fifty or fixty pair, two-ranked, 

 three or four inches long and one broad, coriaceous ; ftriated 

 beneath ; clothed on both fides, as well as the leafy part of 



their common ftalk, with a cobweb-like down, eafily rubbed 

 off ; the lower ones only fomewhat pointed. This fpecies 

 has not flowered in Europe ; but the male catkin, brought 

 from Africa, and reprefented in Jacquin's magnificent plate, 

 is elliptic-oblong, near two feet in length, and five inches iu 

 diameter, brown, fmooth, compofed of innumerable wedge- 

 fhaped fcales, covered underneath with anthers, and each 

 tipped with a quadrangular, or pyramidal, abrupt, promi- 

 nent point, without any of the fpinous termination feen in 

 the laft. 



13. 7j. lanugtnofa. WooUy-fcaledZamia. Jacq. Fragm. 28. 

 t. 30, 31. Willd. n. 13. Poiret n. 9. — Leaflets lanceolate, 

 fmooth, fpinous-pointed, with a few unilateral fpinous 

 teeth. Radical fcales woolly. — Native of fouthern Africa, 

 from whence a fingle plant was brought long ago to the 

 Imperial ilove at Schoenbrun. After twelve years' culture, 

 it had made but flow progrefs, and (hewed no figns of 

 fruftification. The root confifts of numerous, very thick, 

 tap-fliaped radicles ; its crown being as large as a man's 

 head, and covered with imbricated, deltoid, pointed fcales, 

 two or three inches broad, all clothed with foft, denfe, 

 hoary wool. Leaves a yard high, or more, dark green, 

 very fmooth and ftiining, with unarmed quadrangular_/?a/ij, 

 and from twenty-five to thirty pair of linear-lanceolate leaf- 

 lets, each four inches long, with a fhort fpinous point ; their 

 margins all entire, except being often furnifhed with one, 

 two, or three broad, fpinous, tooth-like lobes, always at the 

 lower edge of each leaflet, by which this fpecies is at firIt 

 fight readily diftinguiflied. Profeffor Willdenow fufpcfted 

 it might not be diilinft from Z. cycadis ( fee our 15th fpecies ) ; 

 but we fee no reafon to concur in that opinion. 



14.. 7.. horrida. Grey Thorny Zamia. Jacq. Fragm. 27. 

 t. 27, 28. Willd. n. 14. Ait. n. 6. Poiret n. 8 Leaf- 

 lets lanceolate, glaucous, acute, fpinous-pointed, with a few 

 unilateral, lanceolate, fpinous teeth. Radical fcales fmooth. 

 — Native of fouthern Africa, a hundred miles above the 

 Cape of Good Hope. Cultivated at Schoenbrun, and intro- 

 duced into the Enghfli green-houfes, in iSoo, by John Lip- 

 trap, efq., who poffefled, for feveral years, a fplendid co!- 

 leftion of exotics at Mileend ; but it does not feem to have 

 bloflbmed either here or in Germany. The fcaly crown 

 of the root is as large as the preceding, but the fcales are not 

 woolly. The leaves and their ftalks are all over finely glau- 

 cous, which diftinguifhes the plant from the reft of its ge- 

 nus. The leaflets, as well as their lateral fpinous lobes, are 

 longer, and more pointed, than in Z. lanuginofa ; the points 

 and bafes green, as the whole furface becomes when rubbed. 

 A ripe female cone, brought from its native country, is 

 fifteen inches long and eight thick, brown, teflellated, and 

 warty, but not fpinous. i)ru/iaj orange-coloured, oval, each 

 with a thick, elongated, obtufe point, in the place of the 

 Jlyle. Nut oval, fomewhat triangular. This fpecies is, as 

 Willdenow obferves, very nearly related, in fize and general 

 habit, to the laft, but differs in its fmooth crown of the root, 

 and glaucous colour of the herbage. 



15. Z. cycadis. Bread-tree Zamia. Linn. Suppl. 443. 

 Ail. n. 7. Poiret n. 4. (Cycas caffra ; Thunb. Nov. Aft. 

 Upfal. V. 2. 284. t. 5. ) — Leaflets lanceolate, fpinous-pointed, 

 fmooth, entire ; tapering at the bafe. Scales of the catkins 



abrupt, obtufe, pointlefs Native of the north-eaft part of 



fouthern Africa, far above the Cape of Good Hope, from 

 whence Hving plants were fent to Kew, by Mr. Maffon, in 

 1775. This is the fpecies figured by Gsrtner. It grows 

 on the fides of hills, in dry open fpots, efpecially where the 

 ground has been cleared by burning, and flowers in Au- 

 guft, or the following months. The crown of the root is 

 round and large, imbricated with fcales, and, according to 



Linnaeus, 



