I 



Z E A 



with it. It is a fort of grain which is fometimes given to 

 pigs, but more frequently- when ground to fowls. Count 

 Rumford has fhewn in his Efiay on Food, that this is per- 

 haps the mod nutritious grain, except wheat, either as 

 human fuftenance, or as provender for brute animals. See 

 Maize. 



Zea, in Geography. See Zia. 



ZEAGONG, a town of Birmah ; 12 miles N.N.W. of 

 Raynangong. 



ZEAL, Zelus, ZrX-,:, the exercife of a warm animated 

 afFeftion, or paflion, for any thing. 



Some will have jealous sea/ to be properly a mixed or 

 compound fenfation, where one affection is raifed or inflamed 

 by another. On thefe principles, jealoufy may be defined 

 an affedion arifing from love and indignation, which cannot 

 bear a thing to be given to another, that a perfon defires 

 for himfelf, or one whom he loves and favours. Others 

 make it confill in an eaget ftudy, or defire, to keep any 

 thing inviolate ; or a fervour of mind, ariiing from art in- 

 dignation againft thofe who abufe or do evil to a perfon 

 beloved. 



The Greek philofophers make three fpecies of %eal. 

 The firft, of envy ; the fecond, of emulation, or imitation ; 

 the third, of p'tety, or devotion ; which laft makes what the 

 divines call religious zeal. 



^. Jofephus fpeaks much of a party, or faftion, called the 

 Zealous, or Zealots, which arofe among the Jews during the 

 war with Vefpafian and Titus. Lib. xiv. cap. 6. Antiq. 

 and lib. iv. cap. 12. de Bello Judaico. 



ZEALAND, or Zeeland, or Seeland, (in Danifh 

 Siiland,) in Geography, the largeft ifland belonging to the 

 kingdom of Denmark, bounded on the north by the Scag- 

 gerac, on the eaft by the Sound, on the fouth by the Baltic, 

 and on the wefl: by the Great Belt ; about 65 miles in 

 length from north to fouth, and where wideft 60 from eaft 

 to weft, though in fome parts fcarcely 30, and in no part 

 above 20 miles from the fea : reckoned about 700 miles in 

 circumference. The coaft is much interfefted with large 

 bays ; and within the country are feveral lakes, which, as 

 well as the rivers, abound in fiih. The country is pleafant ; 

 the foil is generally fertile, and produces corn, chiefly barley 

 and oats, more than fufficient for the inhabitants, with ex- 

 cellent paflures ; and in moft parts is plenty of wood, except 

 towards the centre of the ifland, where the inhabitants ge- 

 nerally ufe turf for fuel. The fields are feparated by mud- 

 walls ; the cottages are of brick or white-wafhed : fand-hills 

 are fometimes defl;ruClive on the coaft ; and the beft pro- 

 teftion from their ravages, fays Catteau, is the elymus 

 anemaria. Copenhagen is the capital. N. lat. 55° 2' to 

 56° 6'. E. long. 10° 58' to 12' 40'. See Denmark. 



Zealand, State of, one of the former United Dutch 

 States, and now part of the recently eftabUflied kingdom. 

 . It confifts of iflands which are formed by thofe branches 

 and outlets of the Scheldt, called Zeeuwfche Stromen, or 

 Sea Streams ; on the north it is bounded by Holland, eaft- 

 ward by Brabant, fouthward by Flanders, and wellward 

 by the North fea : its name fufficiently indicates its natural 

 pofition and Ctuation. The iflands of Walcheren and 

 .Schouwen, on the weftern coaft, are defended againft the 

 violence of the fea, by downs or fand-hills, and on the other 

 fides, like the reft of the iflands of Zealand, by vaft dykes, 

 which, at the bottom, have a breadth of 25 German ells, and 

 at the top are fo wide, that two carriages may pafs abreaft : 

 the height is alfo proportioned to their thicknefs ; notwith- 

 ilanding which, in high tides and ilormy weather, the waves 

 in many places force a pafl^age, or even flow over them : the 

 £rft formation of thefe dykes muft have been. attended' with 



Vol. XXXIX. 



ZEA 



immenfe expence, the very repair and maintenance of them 

 requiring large fums. Emanuel van Meteren, in the fix 

 teenth book of his Commentaries, fays, and confirms ,f by 

 the atteftations of the workmen employed in them, that ti c 

 dykes in this province alone, if placed in one diredio ■• 

 would form a length of 40 miles, each mile to be reckonod 

 at 1400 rods, and that the expence of one rod with anotli-r 

 was a pound Flemifli, or fix Dutch guilders. Thus th- 

 charge of the outward dykes taken together amounts i . 

 340,000/. fterhng. Though the inhabitants of the other 

 provinces, and foreigners in general, complain of the air 

 being heavy, difagreeable, and unhealthy, vet no people lor'- 

 better, or enjoy a more confirmed ftate of health, than t' ^ 

 natives who are born and bred up in it. The foil too 1 • 

 very fruitful, and famed for its excellent wheat, as likewii- 

 for madder, the cultivation of which furnifhes out grea- 

 employment for the inhabitants of Zealand : it abounds alr> 

 in good fruits, and its rich paftures are covered with flock- 

 of fine flieep. The waters around the iflands fupply them 

 with plenty of fifli, particularly with oyfters, lobfters, and 

 mufcles, of an uncommon fize and goodnefs. Zealand en- 

 joys hkewife an afiluence of all kinds of provifions, but fuel 

 IS very fcarce there, efpeciaUy turf, which, being brought 

 from other provinces, bears a high price ; great quantities 

 of Enghfti coals are ufed here. In the whole province are 

 121 towns and villages, fome of which are very large. The 

 inhabitants are reckoned the moft wealthy in all the Nether- 

 lands, which is, in a great meafure, owing to their traffic by 

 fea, and for this, indeed, they have every conveniency that 

 can be defired. ( See Holland. ) The right bank of the 

 Scheldt, called the Eaft Scheldt, divides this province into 

 two quarters, -viz. into that on the eaft and that on the weft 

 of the faid river. The quarter on the Weft Scheldt is com- 

 pofed of five iflands, viz. Walcheren, South Beveland, 

 North Beveland, Wolferfdyk, and St. Jooflland. The 

 quarter of the Eaft Scheldt contains four iflands, viz. 

 Schouwen, Duiveland, Tholen, and St. Philip's Land. 



Zealand, New, two iflmds in the South Pacific ocean, 

 firft difcovered by Tafman, a Dutch navigator. In the 

 year 1642, he travcrfed the eaftern coaft from lat. 34° to 

 43°, and entered the ftrait called Cook's Strait ; he was at- 

 tacked by the natives foon after he came to an anchor in 

 the place,' to which he gave the name of Murderer's Bay, 

 and never went on fliore : he gave the country the name of 

 Staaten Land, in honour of the ftates-general, and it is now 

 generally diftinguiflied in our maps and charts by the name of 

 New Zealand. As the whole of this country, except that 

 part of the coaft which was feen by Tafman from on board 

 his ftiip, had from his time to the voyage of the Endeavour, 

 in the year 1770, remained altogether unknown, it was by 

 many luppofed to be part of a fouthern continent. It is, 

 however, now known to confiil of two large iflands, divided 

 from each other by a ftrait or paflage, which is about four 

 or five leagues broad. The northernmoft of thefe iflands is 

 called by the natives Eaheinomauwe ; and the fouthernmoft 

 Tovy, or Tavai Poenammoo. The latter is the name of a 

 lake, and fignifies the water of green talc. This lake is 

 fituated in the northern part of the ifland, and the country 

 adjoining it only is known to the natives under this name. 

 From my obfervation, fays captain Cook, and from other 

 information, it appears to me, that the New Zealanders muft 

 live under perpetual apprehenfions of being deftroyed by 

 each other ; there being few of their tribes that have not, 

 as they think, fuftained wrongs from fome other tribe, 

 which they are continually upon the watch to revenge ; and 

 perhaps the defire of a good meal may be no fmall incite- 

 ment. They will even preferve their enmity from father to 

 T fon, 



