Z I o 



he fucceeded in obtaining a commiffion, which, after parti- 

 cular examination, declared the members of the Morsrvian 

 community to be true adherents to the Augfhurg confefljon. 

 In the following year he vifited England, and obtamed an 

 aft of parhament for the proteaion of his foUowers m the 

 Britiih dominions in America. In 1757 he made his laft 

 tour to Switzerland, and from thence proceeded to Holland. 

 In 1760 he died at Hernhut, after an ilhiefs of four days, 

 and his funeral was attended by 2000 of his followers, and 

 as many fpeftators ; and his coffin was carried to the grave 

 by thirty-two preachers and miflionaries, fome of whom had 

 come from HoUand, England, Ireland, North America, 

 and even Greenland. Count Zinzendorf was fomewhat 

 above the middle fize ; and his countenance combined fe- 

 rioufnefs with animation. In early Hfe his manners were 

 elegant, but as he withdrew from intercourfe \vith the world, 

 in more advanced life they became ftifF and referved. To 

 money he was perfeftly indifferent, and as he gave to every 

 mendicant, he was often pennylefs. His difpofition was 

 lively, but he was capable of long -continued and intenfe ap- 

 plication. His memory was prompt and comprehenfive, but 

 as he was of a hvely imagination it was not very retentive. 

 In his ftyle he bid defiance to all the rules of grammar, and 

 his ambiguous mode of exprefiion fubjefted him to many 

 inconveniences, fo that his meaning was often miftaken and 

 mifreprefented. To peifons of the lower order he was con- 

 defcending, and in his intercourfe with all mild and candid. 

 In his temper he was irritable and pafDonate, but placable 

 and forgiving. His aftivity in doing good and ferving 

 others was indefatigable and unbounded ; he often promifed, 

 it is faid, with the befl intentions, beyond his abihty of per- 

 formance ; and he is charged with having ufed art and flat- 

 tery to carry on his own purpofes, and to gain converts to 

 his caufe. Mofheim, &c. Gen. Biog. 



For a further account of the tenets and partifans of the 

 feft with which he was connefted, and of which he was, 

 according to his own llatement, a reformer, and not a founder, 

 we refer to the articles Hernhuters, Moravians, and 

 Unitas Fratrum. 



ZINZIBER, Ginger. See Zingiber and Ginger. 



ZiNZiBER Rubrum, Red Ginger, a name by which forae 

 authors have called the officinal cafumunar-root. 



ZlNZlBER Caninum, Dog's Ginger, in Botany, a name 

 given by fome of the old writers to the perjicaria urens, or 

 biting arfmart ; a plant which is very hot, and pungent to 

 the tafte, and grows in vfatery places. It had hence the 

 name of hydropiper, water-pepper, among the Greeks, and 

 was called zinziber caninum, or dog's ginger, by Avicenna 

 and others, from its heat, and from an opinion that it would 

 poifon dogs that eat of it. 



The Arabian name is zinzilil alkeleb. 



Zinziber Caninum is alfo a name given by fome authors 

 to the capficum, or Giiinea-pepper. Ger. Emac. Ind. 2. 



ZINZIG, or SiNZiG, in Geography, a town of France, 

 in the department of the Rocr ; 18 miles N.N.W. of Co- 

 blentz. N. lat. 50" 33'. E. long. 7° 12'. 



ZINZILLA, a name by which fome medical writers 

 have called that fpecies of the herpes, which we ufually call 

 the (hingles. 



ZINZOACZA, in Geography, a town of Mexico, in 

 the province of Mechoacan, anciently the reCdence of a 

 cacique. 



ZIOBERIS, in Ancient Geography, a river of Afia, in 

 Hyrcania, which difcharged itfelf into the Rhydage, ac- 

 cording to Quintus Curtius. Diodorus Siculus calls it 

 Stiboetes. 



Z I R 



ZIOLO, in Geography, a town of Italy, in the Paduan • 



10 miles S.E.of Padua. 



ZION, in Ancient Geography. See SiON and Jeru- 

 salem. 



ZIPH, a town of Paleftine, in the tribe of Judah. 

 ( Jofli. XV. 24. ) St. Jerom fays, that in his time they (hewed 

 the village of Ziph, 8 miles from Hebron eaftward. David 

 for fome time concealed himfelf in the wildernefs of Ziph. 



11 Sam. xxiii. 14, 15.) There was another city called 

 Ziph, near Maon and Carmel of Judah. Jofh. xv. 55. 



ZIPHRON, or Zephronia, a city N. of the land of 

 promife, now unknown. Numb, xxxiv. g. 



ZIPOETIUM, a town of Afia Minor, in Bithynia, 

 near mount Lyperus, and which had been founded by king 

 Zipoteus. Steph. Byz. 



ZIPPORIS, a name which the ancients gave to the 

 town of Sefora or SaufTori. It was the ftrongeft place in 

 GaUlee, and its pofition might be regarded as the key of the 

 province, according to Jofephus. 



ZIPSERCHLOSS,in Geography, z town of Hungary ; 

 6 miles E. of Leutfch. 



ZIRBALIS Hernia, a term ufed by medical writers 

 to exprefs that kind of rupture which is caufed by a de- 

 fcent of the omentum into the fcrotum. 



ZIRBUS, the name by which the Arabian phyficians 

 liavc called the omentum. 



ZIRCON, in Mineralogy, Jargon de Ceylon, Rome de 

 Lifle, Zircon, Haiiy, a gem originally found in the ifiand of 

 Ceylon, in the fands of rivers, along with fpinel, fapphire, 

 temmaline, and iron-fand. Zircon, the gem called the 

 hyacinth, and zirconite, are regarded by moft mineralogifts 

 as Tarieties of the fame fpecies. They are eflentially com- 

 pofed of the earth called zircon, (fee Zirconia, in Cbe- 

 ?>iijlry,) with filex, and a minute portion of iron, which may- 

 be regarded merely as the colouring matter. The primi- 

 tive form of the cryftals of zircon, according to Haiiy, is 

 an oftahedron, compofed of two four-fided prifms, whofe 

 fides are ifofceles triangles. The inclination of the planes 

 of the fame pyramid to each is 1 24°. 1 2 ; the inclination of 

 the fides of one pyramid to thofe of the other 82°.50. The 

 angle of the fummit is 7 3°. 44. The common forms in 

 which it occurs are reftangular four-fided prifms, rather 

 flatly terminated by four-fided pyramids, the planes of 

 which are fet on the lateral planes of the prifm under equal 

 angles. The above figure is often truncated in the lateral 

 edges. The angles of the prifm, in junftion with the 

 pyramid, are often bevelled, and fometimes the prifms are 

 terminated by four planes at each end, two of which 

 at each end form very obtufe angles, and are fet on the 

 lateral planes of the prifm. The cryftals are generally 

 fmall, and occur loofe or imbedded. The furface of the 

 cryftals is fometimes rough, and fometimes fmooth and 

 fhining ; that of the grains is uneven, and gliftening internally. 

 Zircon is fplendent or fhining, with a luftre intermediate, 

 between adamantine and refinoiis. The ftrufture is imper- 

 fedlly foliated, with the folia parallel to the lateral edges of 

 the prifm. The frafture is flatly conchoidal. The pre- 

 vaihng Golour of zircon is grey : it is fometimes white, 

 green, and brown, and oecafionally yellow, blue, and red. 

 The colours are pale ; it is fometimes tranfparent, but 

 more frequently femi-tranfparent or tranflucent : it refracts 

 doubly. Zircon is harder than quartz, but fofter tlian the 

 diamond. The fpecific gravity varies from 4.5 to 4.7. It 

 IS infufible without addition by the blow-pipe. 



According 



