A C A 



ftalks prickly. Leaves doubly pinnate; firft dirtfion of 

 feven pair ; fecond of fixteen pair ; leaflets oblong-oval ; a 

 gland on the main foctftalk. Spikes globofe, in terminal 

 paniclcd clufters— Native of the Eail Indies, from whence 

 it was prociu-t;d for Kew garden, by fir J. Banks, in 1773, 

 but appears not yet to have flowered. We have feen no 

 authentic fpecimen of this fpecies. 



A. pennata. Fine-leaved Acacia. Willd. n. 98. Ait. 

 n. 50. (A. aculeata multiflora, fohis pennas avium referen- 

 tibus ; Burm. Zeyl. z. t. i. A. zeylanica, flofciilis globofis 

 luteis, foliis pinnatis tenuiflime incifis, fpinis minoribus ; 

 Burm. Zeyl. 3. Mimofa pennata; Linn. Sp. PL £507. )— 

 Branches prickly. Leaves doubly pinnate, with many pair 

 of general divifions, and very numerous linear leaflets ; a 

 gland on the common ft.alk. Panicle terminal, fpreading ; 

 heads fl;alked, aggregate ; general flower-ftalks, like the bafe 

 of the common footftalks, prickly. Legume flat, fmooth ; 

 wavy at the edges. — Native of Ceylon, and other parts of 

 the Eail Indies. Sent to Kew, in 1773, by fir J. Banks. 

 We have fpecimens from Dr. Roxburgh. The very delicate 

 {lender leaflets, which, in the dried plant at leaft, fold toge- 

 ther, give a feathery appearance, well exprefled in Bur- 

 mann's plate. The panicle is very large and compound, 

 with downy rufty ftalks ; its main branches only armed with 

 fmall hooked prickles. The legumes, not hitherto defcribed, 

 but very important in difcriminating this multifarious tribe, 

 are about three inches long, tapering, though rather blunt, 

 at each end, flat, thick-edged, wav^' or finuous at both 

 margins: Seeds about four. 



A. Ceratonia. Round-leaved Acacia. Willd. ri. loi. 

 Ait. n. 52. (A. repens aculeata, flore albo, foliis Siliquse ; 

 Plum. Ic. 4. t. 8. Mimofa Ceratonia; Linn. Sp. PI. 1508.) 

 — Branches, and all the ftalks, prickly. Leaves doubly 

 pinnate ; leaflets three pair, roundifh-obovate, obhque, three- 

 ribbed. Panicle terminal. Heads globofe. Legume flat, 

 prickly at the edges. — Native of the Weft Indies, from 

 whence the prefent duke of Marlborough is faid to have 

 introduced it into his rich colleftion, before the year 1800. 

 The remarkable roundnefs of the leaflets, which would have 

 authorized the name of rotundifolia, and their greater fize, 

 diftinguifli the prefent fpecies from all we have hitherto 

 noticed. Every part is extremely prickly, but devoid of 

 pubefcence. The heads oi Jloiuers are rather fmall, and, 

 according to Plumier, white. He delineates the legume of 

 a flat, oblong, obtufe figure, two or three inches long and 

 one broad, fringed with hooked prickles. 



A. tamarindifol'ta. Tamarind-leaved Acacia. Willd. 

 n. 102. Ait. n. 53. (A. aculeata, flore albo, foliis Ta- 

 marindi ; Plum. Ic. 4. t. 7. Mimofa tamarindifolia ; Linn. 

 Sp. PI. 1509. Jacq. Hort. Schoenbr. v. 3. 77. t. 396.) — 

 Branches prickly. Leaves doubly pinnate ; firft divifion of 

 five or fix pair ; fecond of about fifteen pair ; a gland on 

 die common ftalk ; leaflets oblong. Stipulas and brafleas 

 heart-fhaped. Clufters terminal. Heads globofe. Legume 

 fiat, fmooth. — Native of South America and the Weft 

 Indies. Said to have been cultivated by Kennedy and Lee, 

 at Hammerfmith, in 1774. The name is very expreifive of 

 the afpeft of the leaves. The very broad heart -fliapedj?i^a- 

 las, and the fmaller, more ovate, hraSeas, give a peculiar 

 charadler to this fpecies. Inflorefcence rather racemofe than 

 panicled, deftitute of hairinefs or fpines, though the branches 

 of the ftem are armed with ftrong prominent prickles. Heads 

 of a few white flowers, each on a long ftalk, folitary or in 

 pairs. Legume, according to Plumier's figure, linear -oblong, 

 flat, ftraight, deftitute of prickles at "the edges, acute, 

 about three inches long and one broad. Seeds numerous, 

 oval. 



A e ^ 



A. acantholoba. American Prickly-podded Acacia- 

 Willd. n, 95. — " Branches prickly. Leaves doubly pin- 

 nate ; firft divifion of three pair ; fecond of ten pair ; leaf- 

 lets linear, obtufe ; downy beneath. Heads globofe, nearly 

 feflile, racemofe. Legume prickly at the edges." — Ga- 

 thered in South America, by the celebrated travellere 

 Humboldt and Bonpland. Branches round. Leaflets ten or 

 eleven pair, clothed beneath with clofe-preffed hairs. Foot- 

 flalks downy. Prickles fcattered, hooked, comprefled. Heads 

 fmall, almoli feflTile, difpofed in a terminal clufter. Legume 

 an inch and a half in length, oblong, flat, membranous, 

 fmooth, befet with prickles at the margin. Willdeno'w. 

 This author declares himfelf to have been poflefled of feve- 

 ral fpecimens of the Mimofa tribe, which were too imper- 

 feft to be enumerated or defined. We are not only in this 

 fituation, but we have feveral in fufSciently good condition, 

 which on account of the incomplete defcriptions of authors, 

 efpecially concerning the fruit, we cannot afcertain to be 

 defcribed or not. 



ACADEMY. The Academy of Arts at Peter/burg was 

 eftabliftied by the emprefs Elizabeth in 1758, and annexed 

 to the Academy of Sciences. At the fuggeftion of count 

 Shuvalof, the late emprefs Catharine, in 1764, formed it, 

 &c. Next col. after 1. 54, add. 



The academy of painting, fculpture, and architefture, at 

 Vienna, was founded in the year 1705. 



Under Academies of Nonconformifl Miniflers, inftead of 

 Manchefter r. York, dele Exeter, and inftead of Wrexham 

 r. Llanfylling. 



AC^NA, in Botany, axaiva, a thorn, alluding to the 

 prickly fruit. This genus, fuppofed to confift of only one 

 fpecies, was defcribed by Mutis, who communicated his 

 account of it to Linnasus, without any fpecimen, and it was 

 publiftied in Linn. Mant. 2. 145', 200. Some time after- 

 wards Forfter founded his Anciflrum, Forft. Nov. Gen. t. 2, 

 feveral fpecies of which have been defcribed by the younger 

 Linnxus, Lamarck, and other writers. ( See Ac^na and 

 Ancistrum. ) Vahl firft difcovered thefe to be one and the 

 fame genus, and has greatly added to the number of fpecies. 

 We ftiall extraft from his work a compendious view of the 



whole ^Vahl Enum. v. i. 293. Linn. Mant. 2. 145. 



Schreb. Gen. 87. Willd. Sp. PI. v. i. 693. Mart. MiU. 

 Di6t. v. I. Ait. Hort. Kew. v. i. 67. Jufl". 336. 

 (Anciftrum; Forft. Gen. t. 2. Linn. Suppl. 10. Schreb. 

 Gen. 25. Willd. Sp. PI. v. I. 154. Mart. Mill. Dift. 

 V. I. Juff. 336. Lamarck Illuftr. t. 22. Gaertn. t. 32.) 

 — Clafs and order, Diandria Monogynia. Nat. Ord. Sen- 

 ticofa, Linn. Roface<c, Jufl". 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth inferior, of one leaf, turbinate, 

 permanent, with four teeth, each fometimes tipped with an 

 upright briftly awn, barbed at the point, or the whole body 

 of the calyx is fo armed. Cor. Petals four, roundifti, 

 inferted into the border of the calyx, and (horter than its 

 awns. Stam, Filaments two or four, thread-fhaped, longer 

 than the petals, inferted into the border of the calyx ; anthers 

 roundifh. Pifl- Germen fuperior, oblong ; ftyle thread- 

 fhaped ; ftigma many-cleft, tufted. Peric. none, except the 

 permanent calyx. Seed folitary, ovate, coated with the 

 thickened bafe of the calyx. 



Efi". Ch. Calyx of one leaf, armed with barbed briftles. 

 Petals four, inferted into the calyx. Stigma tufted. Seed 

 fohtary, coated with the calyx. 



Obf. The petals are fometimes wanting. Flowers occa- 

 fionally five -cleft, with fiveflamens. Thcflem is herbaceous, 

 or fometimes ibrubby. Leaves alternate, pinnate with an 

 odd one, deeply ferrated or cut, often hairy or filky ; their 

 common footflalis flieathing, bordered with a pair of mem- 

 branous 



