ACONITUM. 



15. A. intermedium. Ambiguous Monk's-hood. De 

 Cand, n. 15. (A. neomontanum ; Willd. n. 9, excluding 

 the fynonyms. " Hoppe PI. Exficc." De Cand. Thora 

 italica, feu Napellus minor, flore cxruleo ; Barrel. Ic. t. 610. ) 

 — Germens three, fmooth. Wings internally hairy. Clufter 

 lax, corymbofe ; ftalks fmooth. Hood very convex, fome- 

 wliat conical. — Found in mountainous woody parts of Ger- 

 many and Flanders, flowering in July. In habit like the 

 two following, but the hairv' ■vjings, (De Candolle by mif- 

 take fays lips,) diftinguifh this fpecies from all the reft of 

 the feftion. We have feen no fpecimen. 



16. A. pantculatum. Panicled Monk's-hood. Lamarck 

 Franc, ed. i. v. 3. 646. n. 1224. Dift. v. i. 33. De 

 Cand. n. 16. (A. Napello fimile, fed minus, casruleum, 

 praecocius ; Bauh. Hift. v. 3. 656. Chabr. Sciagr. 531. 

 Napellus; Camer. Epit. 836. Storck Libell. 69. t. 3.) 



B, clufter drooping. De Cand. ( A. cernuum ; " Koelle 

 Aeon. 17." Willd. n. 12. A. lycoftonum oilavum, 

 coma nutante ; Cluf. Hift. v. 2. 97. A. maximum nutante 

 coma; Ger. Em. 971. A. feptimum ; Matth. Valgr. v. 2. 

 436. Camer. Epit. 832. 



Germensthree, fmooth. Wings internally fmooth. Clufter 

 lax, corymbofe ; ftalks downy. Hood convex. — Found in 

 various alpine parts of Europe, flowering towards autumn. 

 The roots are roundifh, tapering downwards, bearing many 

 long fibres. Stem erecl, fmooth. Leaves fomewhat pedate ; 

 their lobes wedge-fliaped below, acutely pinnatifid upwards. 

 Clujler ufually ereft, with long downy Jlalis ; downy ; the 

 lower ones branched. Flozuers large, of a brighter blue 

 than I'ulgare, with a convex hood, whofe point is more 

 remarkable than in the 3d feftion. It may be important, 

 if any perfon ftiould repeat Storck's experiments, to be 

 aware that this is the plant he ufed, and not our Common 

 Monk's-hood, A. vulgare. 



17. K. rojiratum. Beaked Monk's-hood. DeCand. n. 17. 

 (A. Cammarum; Lamarck Diet. v. i. 33. Willd. n. 14? 

 A. lycoftonum nonum judenbergenfe ; Cluf. Hift. v. 2. 97. 

 A. maximum judenbergenfe ; Ger. Em. 973. A. lyeoc- 

 tonum, flore maximo ; Bauh. Hift. v. 3. 659.) — Germens 

 three, fmooth, or only fringed at the inner edge. Wings 

 fmooth. Clufter fomewhat corymbofe, of few flowers, with 

 fmooth ftalks. Hood conical, elevated, abrupt in front, 

 with a prominent beak. — Native of the Auftrian and Swifs 

 alps, flowering in fummer. We liave it in Mr. Davall's 

 herbarium, but the plant feems unknown to cultivators. 

 The rocfs are roundiih, tapering downward. Stem a yard 

 high, ftraight, round, fmooth, purplifli. Leaves fomewhat 

 pedate, with wedge-ftiaped, jagged, acute lobes. This fpecies 

 differs from the preceding, as well as from the following, in 

 the very large and high hood, accompanied by a very con- 

 fiderable beak, being confpicuous for the greater fize, and 

 rather paler blue, of its flowers. 



18. A. hebegynum. Downy-fruited Monk's-hood. De 

 Cand. n. 18. (A. Cammarum ; Linn. Sp. PL 751 ? Willd. 

 n. 14? Ait. n. II? Jacq. Auftr. t. 424.) — Germens from 

 three to five, all over finely downy. Wings nearly fmooth. 

 Clufter rather corymbofe, of few flowers ; ftalks downy. 

 Hood convex, beaked in front. — Native of rugged buftiy 

 places on the alps of Switzerland, from whence we have 

 it ; as well as of Auftria and the receffes of the Carpathian 

 mountains, flowering in fummer. A large handfome fpecies, 

 with ample foliage, whofe fegments are acutely pinnatifid. 

 Floivers dark-blue ; their hood rounded, much lefs elevated 

 than in the preceding. The germens clothed with fine velvet- 

 like down aff'ord a clear fpecific charafter. There are no 

 means of perfectly afcertaining the A. Cammarum of Lin- 

 nsus, he having left no fpecimen, and his fynonyms pointing 



Vol. XXXIX. 



to different plants. His charafter of '^fiorilusfuhpentagynis" 

 is all that indicates the prefent fpecies, which is probably 

 the plant of the gardens. De Candolle fays all the fynonyms 

 of his firft, or principal, variety of pantculatum, may juft as 

 well ferve for hebegynum ; but furely Storck's figure cannot 

 be miftaken for this. The plants themfelves can never be 

 confounded, provided the germens be attended to ; for which 

 difcoverj' we are indebted to profeffor De Candolle. 



19. A. I'ariegatum. Variegated Monk's-hood. Linn. Sp. 

 PI. 750. Willd. n. 13. Ait. n. 10. " KoeUe Aeon. 18." 

 (A. lyco£tonum decimum, Thora italica ; Cluf. Hift. v. 2. 

 98. A. lycoftonum ciruleum parvum ; Ger. Em. 971. 

 Napellus flore mixto ; Rivin. Pentap. Irr. t. 133.) — Ger- 

 mens three, fmooth as well as the petals. Clufter lax ; 

 ftalks fmooth ; the lower ones many-flowered, twice the 

 length of their many-cleft brafteas ; their lower partial 

 brafteas cut. Hood elevated, conical, obtufe, with a fhort 

 beak in front — Native of woody rather alpine fituations, in 

 Carraola, Bohemia, and Italy, flowering in Auguft. Roof, 

 according to Clufius, tuberous, with ovate knobs, or rather 

 perhaps buds. Whole herb fmooth. Stem ereft, with 

 fpreading branches. Lower leaves on long ftalks, their out- 

 Une orbicular, their upper fide of a fhining green, lower 

 pale ; their three or five deep principal divifions wedge- 

 (haped at the bafe, dilated and many-cleft at the extremity, 

 with oblong acute fegments ; upper leaves feflile ; jloral 

 ones in three deep divifions, copioufly, but not deeply, cut. 

 Lower Jlallis of the clujler diftant, each bearing three or 

 four flowers. Partial braSeas, which are under each flower, 

 linear. Flowers large, perfeftly fmooth, blue (or blue and 

 white) ; the hood very large, above an inch long, and ex- 

 tremely convex, not at all covering the wings, its beak (hort ; 

 wings orbicular, fix or feven fines long ; germens fmooth, 

 flender. De Candolle. This defcription anfwers to the 

 Linnaean fpecimen, and nearly to our garden plant, except 

 tliat we have always feen the powers principally white, with 

 a portion of blue on the beak and wings, and that the Jlem 

 in ours is rather of the twining or wavy kind, as in the 

 next feclion ; by no means ftraight, though fupporting 

 itfelf. This character appears in the old wooden cuts, and 

 may poffibly have efcaped M. De CandoUe, only becaufe, 

 as he himfelf mentions, he had feen no other than a dried 

 fpecimen. The figure of Rivinus indeed is ereft, and yet, 

 notwithftanding the annexed reprefentation of five capfules, 

 we can fcarcely dpubt that fynonym. 



20. A. album. White Monk's-hood. Ait. ed. i. v. 2. 

 246. ed. 2. n. 5. Willd. n. 6. De Cand. n. 20. (A. 

 orientale ; Mill. Did. ed. 8. n. lo. A. lycoftonum 

 orientale, flore magno albo ; Tourn. Cor. 30. Napellus 

 flore albo ; Rivin. Pentap. Irr. t. 132 ?) — Germens four or 

 five. Hood conical, with a long claw. Clufter lax, fimplc. 

 Stalks ereft. Leaves in three or five deep, ovate-wedge- 

 ihaped, three-cleft, toothed fegments. — Found in the Levant 

 by Toumefort, who fent feeds to the royal garden at Paris, 

 and from thence, according to Miller, it came to England. 

 Hence there can be no doubt refpefting Toumefort's 

 fynonym ; and yet his appellation of lycoctonum, and the 

 place in his Injl., where he direfts this fpecies to be in- 

 ferted, might favour the appUcation of his fj-nonym to 

 ochroleucum, n. 9, as in the Flora Taurico-Caucafica. The 

 plant of Aiton, and confequently of De CandoUe, is totally 

 different from the ochroleucum, and ver)- near vartegatum. 

 The Jlem is defcribed by Miller fix feet high, or more. 

 We have a fpecimen from Dr. Schrader, fent to be compared 

 TOth Napellus, which appears to be this very fpecies, and 

 agrees well vrith the figure of Rivinus indicated above, 

 except the fowers bcuig blue ; hut that eireumftaiice can 

 I i he 



