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us.—" JufT. in Ann. du Muf. v. 2. 425." Willd. Sp. PI. 

 V. 3. 2213. — Chfs and order, Syngenefia Polygamia-fuperflua. 

 Nat. Ord. Compojite d'tfcoldea, Linn. Corymbiferti, JufT. 



Gen. Ch. Common Calyx nearly flat, of many fpreading, 

 lanceolate, fomewhat imbricated, nearly equal, permanent 

 leaves, fhorter than the florets. Cor. compound, radiated ; 

 Jlints of the difk perfeft, numerous, tubular, longer than 

 the calyx, five-toothed ; thofe of the radius in a fimple feries, 

 ligulate, wedge-lhaped, obtufe, flat, three-cleft almoll half 

 way down, twice as long as the calyx. Stam. in the tubular 

 florets. Filaments five, capillary, fliort ; anthers acute, 

 united into a prominent tube. Plj}. in the fame, Germen 

 oblong, downy ; ftyle thread-fhaped, nearly as long as the 

 ftaraens ; ftigmas two, capitate, divaricated between the 

 points of the anthers. In the ligulate florets, ftyle very 

 fhort. Perk. none. Seeds in each floret folitary, oblong, 

 hairy, crowned with feveral membranous long-avvned fcales. 

 Recept. convex, naked. 



Efl\ Ch. Receptacle naked. Seed-down of feveral 

 chaffy, pointed, awned fcales. Calyx of many equal 

 leaves. 



I. A. heterophylla. Various-leaved Sun-wort. Willd. 



n. I. Julf. as above, t. 61. f. 2 Gathered by Commerfon 



at Monte Video. The Jlem is flirubby, angular, furrowed ; 

 the branches leafy, downy when young, fmgle-flowered. 

 Leaves alternate, feflile, linear-oblong, an inch or two in 

 length, rather flefliy, flightly downy on both fides, blunt, 

 yiith a fmall point ; the lower ones generally furnifhed with 

 a ftrong tooth at each fide ; the upper fmaller, narrower and 

 entire. Floiuers folitary, on long, naked, downy ftalks, at 

 the end of each branch, ereft, an inch in diameter. Calyx 

 downy. Radius fhort, yellow. Dijk broad, convex, darker 

 coloured ; the Jlorets numerous, externally hairy in their 

 upper part. Awns of the feed-doiun reddifh, as long as the 

 partial corolla. 



This plant appears to us very nearly related to Helekium, 

 (fee that article,) into which genus it might, without any 

 violence to nature, have been introduced. Even the calyx 

 fcarcely betrays a difference, for that of Helenium can hardly 

 be confidered as of one leaf, any more than thofe of Helian- 

 thus, Rudbeckla, &c. The flrufture of the radius, downinefs 

 of the feeds and of the tubular Jlorets, pointed chaffy feed- 

 crotun, all agree. We have not indeed feen the defcription 

 given by the learned author of this genus, nor will our fpeci- 

 men admit of an inveftigation of the more recondite parts of 

 fruftification, without injury to fo great a rarity ; but we 

 (hould not fcruple to fink ABinea in Helenium, according to 

 our prefent means of judging. 



ACTINELLA, a <Sminutive of Actinea, (fee that 

 article,) and therefore inadmiffible, as being contrary to one 

 of the foundeft laws of nomenclature. Nor is this genus, 

 probably, any more than AHinea, diftinft from Helenium, 

 next to which ARinella is placed by Purfh, Fl. Anier. Sept. 

 494. 560, who defcribes it as follows, citing Perf. Syn. 

 V. 2. 469, and, as a fynonym, Adinea, JufT. in Ann. du 

 Muf. v. 2. 425- — Clafs and order, Syngenefia Polygamia- 

 fuperjlua. 



EfT. Ch- Receptacle naked. Seed-crown of from four 

 to fix chaffy -awned fcales. Calyx of many equal leaves. 



I. A. lanata. — Clothed all over with woolly down. 

 Leaves linear ; pinnatifid upwards. Stalks elongated, fingle- 

 ftowered. Radiant florets with two teeth. Seeds five-fided, 



fmooth Found by Governor Lewis, on the high lands of 



the Koofkoofky. Perennial, flowering in June and July. 

 The whole herb is clothed with white woolly down. Stem 

 branched, round. Branches alternate, fubdivided in the 

 upper part ; their ultimate divifions fmgle-flowered. Leaves 



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of the main item alternate, linear, dilated and pinnatifid 

 upwards, toothed ; thofe of the branches linear, undivided. 

 Floiuer-Jlalks terminal, fwelling towards the end. Fhwcrt 

 orange-coloured, the fize of Tagetes ereSa. Calyx oblong, 

 fimple, of from twelve to fourteen linear-lanceolate acute 

 leaves. Florets of the radius from twelve to fourteen, 

 oblong, ribbed, each with two teeth; thofe of the di/h 

 tubular, of the fame colour. Down of from four to fix 

 whitifh, acute, chaffy fcales, occafionally torn. Seeds ob- 

 long, prifmatic, with five angles. It refembles in habit 

 JufTieu's Aainea in Ann. du Muf. v. 2. t. 61. f. 2. Purjh. 



We are entirely at a lofs to account for the change in the 

 generic name, if the genera are fuppofed the fame, and it 

 feems fortunate that both are likely to be funk in Helenium. 



ACTINOCARPUS, from ax"!.., a ray, and xa^vo^, fruit, 

 alluding to the radiating pofition and form of the capfules. 

 Mr. Brown was obliged to invent this very exprelTive name 

 for the Damafonium of JufTieu, becaufe the latter appellation 

 has been adopted for another genus, in the works of Schreber 

 and Willdenow. — Brown Prodr. Nov. HoU. v, i. 342. 

 (Damafonium; JufT. Gen. 46. Tourn. t. 132.) — Clafs 

 and order, Hexandria Hexagynia. Nat. Ord. Tripetaloidet, 

 Linn. Junci, JufT. Alifmacex, Brown. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth inferior, of three ovate, eon- 

 cave, permaneat leaves. Cor. Petals three, roundifh, flat, 

 fpreading, larger than the calyx, deciduous. Stam. Fila- 

 ments fix, awl-fliaped, fliorter than the corolla ; anthers 

 roundifh. Pijl. Germens fix or eight, ereft, combined at 

 the bafe ; ftyles fhort, fpreading ; ftigmas fimple. Peric. 

 Capfules as many, combined at the bafe, fpreading in the 

 form of a ftar, compreffed, pointed, of one cell, burfting at 

 the upper edge. Seeds two, elliptical, ftalked, one ereft, 

 inferted into the bottom of the capfule, the other at ks 

 curve, horizontal. 



Eff. Ch. Calyx of three leaves. Petals tliree. Capfules 

 fix or eight, compreffed, combined at the bafe, fpreading 

 ftar -wife. Seeds two. 



I. A. Damafonium. Great Starry -plantain. (Alifaia 

 Damafonium ; Linn. Sp. PI. 486. WiDd. Sp. PI. v. 2. 

 277. Sm. Fl. Brit. 401. Engl. Bot. t. 1615. Curt. 

 Lond. fafc. 5. t. 28. Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 2. 332. Da- 

 mafonium ftellatum ; Dalech. Hift. 1058. Tourn. Inft. 

 257. Raii Syn. 272. Plantago aquatica minor ftellata ; 

 Ger. Em. 417.) — Capfules fix, burfling lengthwife ; with- 

 out wings at the bafe. — Native of watery places on a gra- 

 velly foil, in England, near London, as well as in Shropfhire, 

 Suffolk, and Suffex. It grows alfo in France and Siberia ; 

 flowering in June and July. The root is perennial, of many 

 long fimple fibres, as ufual with aquatic herbs. Leaves all 

 radical, floating, ftalked, elliptic-oblong, fmootli, two inches 

 long, with a ftrong mid-rib, and two finer ribs, at each fide, 

 near the margin. Footjlalis dilated and winged below. 

 Flotver-ftalis one or two, radical, ereft, taller than the 

 leaves, round, fimple, each bearing two or three umbels of 

 whitifh Jloiuers, giving it a whorled appearance. The cap- 

 fules rcfemble thofe of the IlUcium, or Starry Anife, in fize 

 and general figure. 



2. A. minor. Smaller Starr)' -plantain. Br. n. 1. — 

 " Capfules eight, burfting tranfverfely ; with eight per- 

 manent wings at the bafe. Leaves three-ribbed." — Native 

 of the neighbourhood of Port Jackfon, New South Wales, 

 where it was obferved by Mr. Brown. 



We have here admitted this genus, from deference to the 

 authority of Mr. Brown, who efteems it abundantly different 

 from Alifma, in the definite number of the capfules, their 

 ftellated difpofition, their combination at the bafe, and their 

 two feeds. In the habit of the plants there is no difference. 

 K k 2 The 



