A G L 



flowers, or florets. The common receptacle is either naked, 

 villous, hairy, or fcaly. In the place of a.partial calyx is the 

 corolla, generally monopetalous, either regular or irregular, 

 four-cleft or five-cleft, rarely polypetalous. Stamens four, 

 with feparate anthers. Germen inferior (with refpeft to 

 each floret). i^rujV fingle-feeded. The __^OTOi?r is therefore 

 complete in this tribe, except only Valeriana, whofe calyx is 

 fcarcely apparent. The leaves are often oppofite. Stem 

 often flirubby." 



The genera which compofe this order at the end of Gen. 

 PI. are, Seft. x. Stattce only. B. Hartogia, Brttnia, Protea, 

 Globularia, Leucadendron, Hebenjlretia, Selago, Cephalanthus, 

 Dipfacus, Scabiofa, Knaut'ia, Jlllioma. But in his own copy 

 Linnxus has drawn a hne between Selago and Cephalanthus, 

 removing the /3 to that place, and characterizing his feftion a 

 " altermfoHit infer/e," the remainder of the whole order begin- 

 ning with Ci^/Aa/an/iiuj, being " o^^5/;/i/o/i<ry«^f;-^." -y. Vale- 

 riana, Morina, Boerhavia, Circica, to which Mirabilis is 

 added in MSS. ^. Lonicera, Chiococca, Triojleum, Mitchella, 

 IJnnxa, Morinda, Conocarpus, Loranthus, Vifcum, to which 

 L'ifianthus and Hill'ia ai-c added, certainly with no pro- 

 priety. 



This order in faft is not one of our great botanill's moft 

 fmiftKd or happy performances. It comprehends Juffieu's 

 Dipfacctr, Proteacett, CaprlfoUa, with various folitary genera 

 from different orders. Statue was always a Humbling block 

 with Linnasus, nor does it afllmilate with any thing among 

 the Aggregate:, being itfelf, however natural a genus, and as 

 we think improperly fubdivided by Tournefort and others, 

 compofed of fpecies whofe inflorefcence is elTentially different 

 among themfclves. 



In his manufcripts Linnseus has extended his firft feftion 

 as far as Selago inclufive, erafing Hartogia, and giving the 

 charafters of alternate leaves, and a fuperior germen to this 

 fcAion. To the fecond feftion, which begins with Cepha- 

 lanthus, he attributes oppofite leaves, and an inferior germen. 

 He thought Statue akin to Brunta, and Protea the fame 

 geims as Leucadendron. To his third feAion he more hap- 

 pily adds Mirabilis ; but to the fourth he very unfortunately 

 introduces Lijtanthus and Htllia. 



The intelligent botanift will without difficulty trace the 

 numerous errors of the above arrangement to various caufes. 

 Several natural orders, now well defined, had not entered into 

 the conception of Linnsus, fuch as the very natural and 

 dillinft one of Proteacex ; and of the Caprifolia, ilietched in 

 his fourth feftion, he had evidently but an obfcure percep- 

 tion. Of the differences of the Proteaceous genera he had 

 fcarcely any knowledge. That he (liould not have formed a 

 right idea of Hebenjlretia and Selago, whofe afiinities are flill 

 in fome uncertainty, is not wonderful ; but they are unquef- 

 tionably much out of place here. See Dipsace^ for 

 further obfervations refpefting fome of the Aggregate. 



AGLABITES, 1. 5, add, and governor in Africa, Heg. 

 184, A.D. 800. This dynafly failed till the year of the 

 Hegira 296, A.D. 908, and pofTeffed the country \vhich 

 extended from Egypt to Tunis. 



AGLAIA, in Botany, ayX.-iia, fplendour and beauty, 

 alluding to the fhining verdure of the leaves, and elegance of 

 the whole plant. — Loureir. Cochinch. 173. — Clafsand order, 

 Pentandria Digynia, Lour, (rather perhaps Pentandria 

 Monogyiiia.) Nat. Ord. Trihilats, Linn. Meliic, Juff. 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth inferior, of one leaf, with live 

 notches, minute, permanent. Cor. Petals five, ovate, con- 

 cave, flefhy, converging almofl clofely into the form of a 

 globe. Neftary tubular, with five plaits, rather flicrter than 

 the petals, Stam. Filaments none ; anthers five, ovate, 

 included in the folds of the nedary. P'ifi. Germen ovate> 



A I D 



fuperior; ftyle none; ftigmastwo, oblong, ereft. Peru 

 Berry ovate, fmootfi, watery, of one cell. Seed fohtarv 

 ovate, flightly comprefled, with four furrows. ' 



Eff. Ch. Calyx inferior, five -toothed. Petals five, con- 

 vergmg m the form of a globe. Berr>' with one feed. 



I. A. odorata. Fragrant Aglaia. Cay ngdu of the 

 Coctimchmefe. (Camunmm fineufe ; Rumph. Amboin. v. c 

 28. t. 1 8. f. I.)— Native of Cocliinchina and China. Com- 

 monly cultivated in the latter country, for the fake of iu 

 great beauty and agreeable fcent. Rumphius fays it was 

 imported from thence to Amboyna, where it flill retained the 

 Chinefe name of Tsjiulang, and was continually in leaf and 

 bloflom ; being eafily propagated by cuttings of the larger 

 branches, whofe bark muft be bruifed flightly, and then 

 covered for the fpace of a month with good earth and dung, 

 till roots are thrown out, which are then to be cut off and 

 tranfplanted. Loureiro defcribes this plant as a tree eight 

 feet high, with a yellowifh hard ivood, thin brown lark, and 

 fpreading branches forming a very denfe head. Leaves pin- 

 nate with an odd one, confifting of three or five oval, entire, 

 fmooth, fliining leajlels, tapering at the bafe, on ftiort foot- 

 flalks. Clujlcrs axillary, oblong. Floivers yellow, very 

 minute, globofe, odoriferous. Berry fmall, red. 



Rumpliius defcribes the fotucrs orange-coloured, never 

 producing fruit in Amboyna. 



We cannot find that this plant of Rumphius is taken 

 up by any author, nor is his defcription fufficient to procure 

 it a place in any fyflematic work. Loureiro, however, has 

 furniflied us with fufficient cliaraders to enable us to judge 

 of its natural order, and to determine that it is not, as lie 

 fufpefted, the fame genus with Thunberg's Bumalda. 

 AGNES, St., 1. ult., for E. /•. N. 

 AGNESI, Mahia G^tana. See GjEtana. 

 AGRA, col. 2, 1. 3, r. N. lat. 27° 15'. E. long. 78" 28'. 

 AGRICULTURE, col. ult., after See Board of 

 Agriculture, add and Society. 



AGRIPHYLLUM, in Botany, fo called by .lufTicu, 

 from ayfia, the holly, and (fuXXm, a leaf, becaufe its finuatcd 

 prickly leaves referable that flirub. Juff. Gen. 190. Sec 

 Berckheya hereafter. 



AGUJARI, LucRETiA. See Filer un Son. 

 AGUILLAS, Cape. Dele Cape Needles. 

 Aguillas Bank, a bank on the fouthem coall of Africa, 

 ftretching from Cape Point acrofs the entrance of Falfc bay 

 to the mouth of Rio Infanta, or Great Fifh River, and to 

 the 37th parallel of Southern latitude. Mr. Barrow con- 

 jeftures that this bank at one time formed a part of the 

 continent. 



AHM, in Commerce. See Stubgen. 

 AHMEDABAD. For AgmedV r. AhmedV; I. 6, r. 

 Sebermathy. 

 AHMEDNAGUR, 1. 2, r. Dowlatabad. 

 AHOUAS. Add — This was once a large and flourifh- 

 ing city, the capital of a province of the fame name, and 

 the winter refidence of Artabanes, the lall of the Par- 

 thian kings ; but it is now a wretched town, containing 600 

 or 700 inliabitants, and fituated on tlie banks of the river 

 Karoon ; 48 miles S. of Shufter. 



A ID AN, col. 2, 1. 18, for bilhop r. king. 

 AIDERBEITZAN. At the clofe add— It is feparated 

 from Armenia by the river Araxes, and from Irak by the 

 Kizilozoin, or Golden fliream. This province, including Eri- 

 van with the Karabag and Karadag, is divided into twelve 

 difl;rias, vi%. Urumea, Ardebil, Tabreez, Maraga Khoee, 

 Kulkham, Serab, Ginnrood, Sa Bulagh, Karadag, Erivan, 

 Nuckfliivan, and Mifl<ecn, )-ielding a revenue of 89,405 

 tomauns. The moft piifturelque, and at the {ame time moft 

 M in 2 flouriftiing 



