A 1 11 



ftourlfhinK divifion of Aiderbcitzan, or Azerbijan, lies along 

 the N. and W. borders of the lake Urumea from Tabreez 

 to the confines of Armenia, in which direftion are the towns 

 of Shebufter, Tafoui (in ruins), Selmaft, Khoee, and 

 Urumea. , 



AIDIA, in Botany, a genus of Loureiro s, unknown to 

 us but from his defcription, whofe name, from a.J.o?, eternal, 

 alludes to the indeftruaible nature of the wood.— Loureir. 

 Cochinch. 143.— Clafs and order, Peniandna Monogyma. 

 Nat. Ord. Caprifolia, JulT. , , ^ , , 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth fupenor, tubular, hve-toothed, 

 erea. Cor. of one petal, falver-fhaped ; mouth of the tube 

 woolly ; limb in five deep lanceolate fegments. Stam. Fila- 

 ments none; anthers five, Hnear, mferted into the corolla 

 between its fegments. Pyi. Germen ovate, mferior ; ilyle 

 on a level with the anthers ; ftigma ovate-oblong. Peru. 

 Berry ovate, " calycine," (meaning crowned by, and con- 

 fluent with, the calyx,) Imall, umbilicated, of one cell. 

 SeedioMt^iTj, ovate. 



Eff. Ch. Corolla falver-(haped, woolly in the throat. 

 Anthers linear, feffile between the fegments of the corolla. 

 Berry calycine, fingle-feeded. 



I. A. cochinchinenfts. Everlafting-wood. Cay Tlai of the 

 Cochinchinefe.— Native of Cochinchina. A large tree, \vith 

 fpreading branches. Leaves oppofite, lanceolate, entire, 

 fmooth. Flowers white, in Ihort, lax, axillary clujlers. The 

 rvooJ is white, heavy, compofed of thick fibres, and not 

 handfome. Its chief ufe is for building the lower parts of 

 houfes, and foundations of bridges, being extremely durable, 

 cither under ground or in water. Loureiro. 



AIMONTE. Add, See Ayemonte. 



AINSWORTH, Robert, 1. 2, for Woodyale r. 

 Woodyate. 



AIR, col. 1 1, 1. 44, infert elaftic, and r. whatever elaflic 

 matter, &c. 



Air, Atmofpheric, in Cheml/lry. The moll recent ex- 

 periments Ihew that atmofpheric air is compofed by bulk 

 of about 21 per cent, of oxygen and "J^ per cent, of azote ; 

 and this coincides fo nearly with four volumes of azote and 

 one of oxygen, that Dr. Prout has been induced to confider 

 this proportion as the true compofition of atmofpheric air, and 

 confequently that it is a real chemical compound compofed 

 of one atom oxygen and two of azote. Upon this fuppofi- 

 tion, and the fuppofition that the atom of oxygen be 10 and 

 the atom of azote be 17.5, atmofpheric air will be compofed 

 by weight of 



^^>'g^""-"landbybulkof-( 

 Azote 77.77 j I 



20 

 80 



And the fpecific gravity of oxygen gas will be l.ilil and 

 of azote .9722, atmofpheric air being i.cco. See Atomic 

 Theory, Addenda. 



The rcafons upon which the above opinion is chiefly 

 founded arc, in the firft place, the impoflibility of account- 

 ing on any other than chemical principles for the remarkable 

 uniformity obfervcd in the compofition of atmofpheric air 

 all over the world. This faft is univerfally admitted, and 

 no one can adduce even the flighteft argument why this 

 uniformity (hould be explained on principles different from 

 thofc which govern other definite compounds, as, for example, 

 ■water. 



Secondly, experiment coincides extremely near with the 

 abovefuppofition, perhaps as nearly as it has ever done in any 

 fimilar example, even in tliofe on which the doftrine of volumes 

 itfelf was founded by M. Gay Luffac. Thofe verfed in eudio- 

 metry, and who know the imperfedlions of all eudiometrical 

 methods hitherto advanced, will feel little inclined to vouch 



ALA 



for the perfed accuracy of their refults, and to deny the 

 polTibility of an error of one per cent. Befides, when we) 

 refleft how liable the atmofphere is to contaminations, of 

 every kind, the chance of fuch an error is ftill further 

 increafed. 



About the fame time ( November 1 8 1 J ) that the above 

 opinion was advanced by Dr. Prout, a fimilar opinion was 

 publifhed by Dobereiner, in a paper inferted in Schweig- 

 ger's Journal. Thomfon's Annals of Philofophy, vol, vi. 

 p. 321. 



Air, in Mufic, 1. 5, for rhyme r. rhythm. 



AlR-Lamp, col. 2, 1. 4, for driven r. drive it. 



AlR-Pump, Laws of RarefaSion, Sec, col. 4, 1. 11 from 

 the bottom, add — Some of the experiments above recited, 

 as having been made in -vacuo, would only fucceed in a very 

 imperfeo; ftate of exhauftion, as is evinced from other 

 experiments detailed in the fequel of the article. 



Air, — Experiments for (hewing the elafticity or fpring of 

 the air, col. 2, exp. 6, add to iquare phial A, of thm glafs. 

 — Mifcellaneous experiments, N° 5, 1. a//., r. it will not be 

 extinguifhed. 



Air, in Geography, a townftiip of Pennfylvania, in the 

 county of Bedford, containing 1 1 79 inhabitants. 



AIRY. See Aery. 



AITZEMA, 1. 2, r. Dockum. 



AKISKA, in Geography, one of the Turkifh pachalics 

 of Armenia, which lies near the limits of the Turkifh em- 

 pire, and has the Black fea to the W., Immeritia to the N., 

 Kars and Erzeroom to the S., and Georgia to the E. It 

 extends a confiderable way along the banks of the Kur, and 

 contains much arable land, with many cities and villages, 

 and minerals in its mountainous parts. Akalzike (new 

 Caftle) or Akifka, which gives name to the province, is the 

 capital ; it is a populous and commercial city, without walls 

 or fortifications, and only defended by a ruined citadel, 

 ftanding in an open valley on the left bank of the Kur, and 

 inhabited by Jews, Turks, Greeks, Armenians, and Geor- 

 gians. 



ALA, in Botany, 1. 4, for upwards r. downwards. 



ALANGIUM, fo denominated by Lamarck, by a flight 

 alteration of one of its Malabar names, Alangi; and if any 

 barbarous generic appellations are to be tolerated, this cer- 

 tainly may. — Lamarck Dift. v. i. 174. Jufl". Gen. 323. 

 Vahl Symb. v. 2. 61. Willd. Sp. PI. v. 2. 1174. Ait. 

 Hort. Kew. V. 3. 302. — Clafs and order, Icofandria Mono- 

 gynta. Nat. Ord. Hefperidex, Linn. Myrti, Jufl". 



Gen. Ch. Cal. Perianth fuperior, of one leaf, fliort, 

 permanent, v/ith from fix to ten fmall ereft teeth. Cor. 

 Petals from fix to ten, linear, undivided, much longer than 

 the calyx into which they are inferted, fpiral in the bud, 

 afterwards recurved. Neftary cup-fliaped. Stam. Filaments 

 ten or twelve, inferted into the calyx, ereft, thread-fliaped, 

 hairy below, fcarcely half the length of the petals ; anthers 

 terminal, vertical, linear, obtufe, rather broader and longer 

 than the filaments, burft:ing at each fide longitudinally. Pifl. 

 Germen turbinate, inferior ; ftyle cylindrical, ereft, rather 

 longer than the ftamens ; fl:igma capitate, lobed, very large. 

 Peru. Berry globular, with a rather coriaceous coat, crowned 

 with the calyx, internally flefhy, of one cell. Seeds from 

 one to three, nearly lenticular. 



Efl". Ch. Calyx fuperior, with from fix to ten teeth. 

 Petals from fix to ten. Berry coated, of one cell, with 

 few feeds. 



Obf. We do not fcruple to remove this genus from the 

 clafs Polyandria, where Willdenow has placed it, but with 

 which the infertion of the ftamens does not agree, to Icofan- 

 dria, where it ranges with its natural allies. LiiiiNJsciA 



(fee 



